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kubernetes?Volume存儲卷configMap學習筆記

發布時間：2024-03-09 00:01:35 作者：網友整理

目錄
  • 前言
  • ConfigMap簡介
    • ConfigMap 通過env環境變量引用
    • 示例1:comfigMap創建
    • 示例2: configMap引用
    • 示例3 configMap items:指定輸出key
    • 示例4: configMap subPath掛載指定鍵
  • configMap 文件的引用、重載

    前言

    核心資源類型存儲卷，PV、PVC、SC、CSI(Longhorn)

    特殊類型的插件:ConfigMap、Secret、downwardAPI

    如何為容器化應用提供配置信息:

    • 啟動容器時,直接向應用程序傳遞參數,args: []
    • 將定義好的配置文件焙進鏡像之中;
    • 通過環境變量向容器傳遞配置數據:有個前提要求，應用得支持從環境變量加載配置信息;
      制作鏡像時，使用entrypoint腳本來預處理變量，常見的做法就是使用非交互式編輯工具，將環境變量的值替換到應用的配置文件中;
    • 基于存儲卷向容器傳遞配置文件;
      運行中的改變,需要由應用程序重載;

    ConfigMap簡介

    ConfigMap API資源用來保存key-value pair配置數據，這個數據可以在pods里使用，或者被用來為像controller一樣的系統組件存儲配置數據。雖然ConfigMap跟Secrets類似，但是ConfigMap更方便的處理不含敏感信息的字符串。 注意：ConfigMaps不是屬性配置文件的替代品。ConfigMaps只是作為多個properties文件的引用。你可以把它理解為Linux系統中的/etc目錄，專門用來存儲配置文件的目錄。

    ConfigMap 通過env環境變量引用

    通過環境變量的配置容器化應用時，需要在容器配置段中嵌套使用env字段，它的值是一個由環境變量構建的列表。每個環項變量通常由name和value(或valueFron)字段構成

    • name <string>:環境變量的名稱,必選字段;
    • value <string>:環境變量的值，通過 $(VAR_NAME)引用，逃逸格式為“$$(VAR_NAME)" 默認值為空;
    • valueFrom <object> ∶環境變量值的引用源，例如當前Pod資源的名稱、名稱空間、標簽等，不能與非空值的value字段同時使用，即環境變量的值要么源于value字段，要么源于valuFron字段，二者不可同時提供數據。
    • valueFron: 字段可引用的值有多種來源，包括當前Pod資源的屬性值，容器相關的系統資源配置、ConfigMap對象中的key以及Secret對象中的Key，它們分別要使用不同的嵌套字段進行定義。
    • fieldRef <bject>:當前Pod資源的指定字段，目前支持使用的字段包括metadata.mime、metadata.namespce、 metadata.labels、metadeta.annotations、spesc.nodeName、spec.serviceAccountName、status.hostIP和status.podIP等;
    • configMapKeyRef <Object>: ConfigMap對象中的特定Key;
    • secretKeyRef<object>: Secret對象中的特定Key;
    • resourceFieldRef <object>: 當前容器的特定系統資源的最小值(配額）或最大值《限額)，目前支持的引用包括 limits.cpu. limits.memory、limits.ephemeral-storage. requests.cpu、reuests.memory和requests.ephemeral-storage
    [root@k8s-master ~]# kubectl create configmap --help  #查看示例
...
Examples:
  # Create a new configmap named my-config based on folder bar
  kubectl create configmap my-config --from-file=path/to/bar
  # Create a new configmap named my-config with specified keys instead of file basenames on disk
  kubectl create configmap my-config --from-file=key1=/path/to/bar/file1.txt --from-file=key2=/path/to/bar/file2.txt
  # Create a new configmap named my-config with key1=config1 and key2=config2
  kubectl create configmap my-config --from-literal=key1=config1 --from-literal=key2=config2
  # Create a new configmap named my-config from the key=value pairs in the file
  kubectl create configmap my-config --from-file=path/to/bar
  # Create a new configmap named my-config from an env file
  kubectl create configmap my-config --from-env-file=path/to/bar.env
Options:
      --allow-missing-template-keys=true: If true, ignore any errors in templates when a field or map key is missing in
...

    示例1:comfigMap創建

    [root@k8s-master nginx-conf.d]# cat myserver.conf 
server {
    listen 8080;
    server_name www.ik8s.io;
    include /etc/nginx/conf.d/myserver-*.cfg;
    location / {
        root /usr/share/nginx/html;
    }
}
[root@k8s-master nginx-conf.d]# cat myserver-gzip.cfg 
gzip on;
gzip_comp_level 5;
gzip_proxied expired no-cache no-store private auth;
gzip_types text/plain text/css  application/xml text/javascript;
[root@k8s-master nginx-conf.d]# cat myserver-status.cfg 
location /nginx-status {
stub_status on;
access_log off;
}
[root@k8s-master nginx-conf.d]# ls   #一共3個配置文件 
myserver.conf  myserver-gzip.cfg  myserver-status.cfg
[root@k8s-master ~]# kubectl create configmap demoapp-config --from-literal=host=0.0.0.0  --from-literal=port=8080   #創建host=0.0.0.0、literal=port=8080為兩個val
configmap/demoapp-config created
[root@k8s-master ~]# kubectl get cm
NAME              DATA   AGE
demoapp-config    2      5s    #可以看到DATA為2 2個數據項
my-grafana        1      34d
my-grafana-test   1      34d
[root@k8s-master ~]# kubectl describe cm demoapp-config
Name:         demoapp-config
Namespace:    default
Labels:       <none>
Annotations:  <none>
Data
====
port:             #數據項1  Port:8080
----
8080
host:             #數據項2  host: 0.0.0.
----
0.0.0.0
Events:  <none>
[root@k8s-master ~]# kubectl get cm demoapp-config  -o yaml
apiVersion: v1
data:
  host: 0.0.0.0
  port: "8080"
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
  creationTimestamp: "2021-08-05T09:16:15Z"
  managedFields:
  - apiVersion: v1
    fieldsType: FieldsV1
    fieldsV1:
      f:data:
        .: {}
        f:host: {}
        f:port: {}
    manager: kubectl-create
    operation: Update
    time: "2021-08-05T09:16:15Z"
  name: demoapp-config
  namespace: default
  resourceVersion: "6906130"
  selfLink: /api/v1/namespaces/default/configmaps/demoapp-config
  uid: 625c38a9-02bc-43c7-b351-b2ce7387cab7
[root@k8s-master nginx-conf.d]# kubectl create configmap nginx-config --from-file=./myserver.conf  --from-file=status.cfg=./myserver-status.cfg  #創建2個數據項指定文件,默認以文件名為鍵名 第2個文件指定status.cfg為鍵名
configmap/nginx-config created
[root@k8s-master nginx-conf.d]# kubectl get cm 
NAME              DATA   AGE
demoapp-config    2      18m
my-grafana        1      34d
my-grafana-test   1      34d
nginx-config      2      17s
[root@k8s-master nginx-conf.d]# kubectl get cm nginx-config -o yaml
apiVersion: v1
data:
  myserver.conf: |  # |為多行鍵值分隔符 為了保存多行數據使用了|和縮進
    server {
        listen 8080;
        server_name www.ik8s.io;
        include /etc/nginx/conf.d/myserver-*.cfg;
        location / {
            root /usr/share/nginx/html;
        }
    }
  status.cfg: |
    location /nginx-status {
    stub_status on;
    access_log off;
    }
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
  creationTimestamp: "2021-08-06T06:35:41Z"
  managedFields:
  - apiVersion: v1
    fieldsType: FieldsV1
    fieldsV1:
      f:data:
        .: {}
        f:myserver.conf: {}
        f:status.cfg: {}
    manager: kubectl-create
    operation: Update
    time: "2021-08-06T06:35:41Z"
  name: nginx-config
  namespace: default
  resourceVersion: "7159858"
  selfLink: /api/v1/namespaces/default/configmaps/nginx-config
  uid: 8dbd637a-fb23-447a-8bb5-9e722d7e871d
[root@k8s-master nginx-conf.d]# ls
myserver.conf  myserver-gzip.cfg  myserver-status.cfg
[root@k8s-master configmap]# kubectl create configmap nginx-config-files --from-file=./nginx-conf.d/
configmap/nginx-config-file created
[root@k8s-master configmap]# kubectl get cm
NAME                DATA   AGE
demoapp-config      2      21h
my-grafana          1      35d
my-grafana-test     1      35d
nginx-config        2      18m
nginx-config-files   3      3s     #3個數據項
[root@k8s-master nginx-conf.d]# kubectl get cm nginx-config-files -o yaml
apiVersion: v1
data:
  myserver-gzip.cfg: |
    gzip on;
    gzip_comp_level 5;
    gzip_proxied expired no-cache no-store private auth;
    gzip_types text/plain text/css  application/xml text/javascript;
  myserver-status.cfg: |
    location /nginx-status {
    stub_status on;
    access_log off;
    }
  myserver.conf: |
    server {
        listen 8080;
        server_name www.ik8s.io;
        include /etc/nginx/conf.d/myserver-*.cfg;
        location / {
            root /usr/share/nginx/html;
        }
    }
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
  creationTimestamp: "2021-08-06T08:02:34Z"
  managedFields:
  - apiVersion: v1
    fieldsType: FieldsV1
    fieldsV1:
      f:data:
        .: {}
        f:myserver-gzip.cfg: {}
        f:myserver-status.cfg: {}
        f:myserver.conf: {}
    manager: kubectl-create
    operation: Update
    time: "2021-08-06T08:02:34Z"
  name: nginx-config-files
  namespace: default
  resourceVersion: "7177123"
  selfLink: /api/v1/namespaces/default/configmaps/nginx-config-files
  uid: 2fd21dc3-5e61-4413-bcd5-35337b1ce286

    示例2: configMap引用

    [root@k8s-master configmap]# cat configmaps-env-demo.yaml 
apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
  name: demoapp-config
  namespace: default
data:
  demoapp.port: "8080"
  demoapp.host: 0.0.0.0
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: configmaps-env-demo
  namespace: default
spec:
  containers:
  - image: ikubernetes/demoapp:v1.0
    name: demoapp
    env:
    - name: PORT
      valueFrom:
        configMapKeyRef:  #引用configMap 鍵值
          name: demoapp-config
          key: demoapp.port
          optional: false   #是否為可有可無項 false 為必選項
    - name: HOST
      valueFrom:
        configMapKeyRef:
          name: demoapp-config
          key: demoapp.host
          optional: true  #是否可有可無 ture 非必選項
[root@k8s-master configmap]# kubectl apply -f configmaps-env-demo.yaml
[root@k8s-master configmap]# kubectl get pod
NAME                                 READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
centos-deployment-66d8cd5f8b-95brg   1/1     Running   0          46h
configmaps-env-demo                  1/1     Running   0          118s
my-grafana-7d788c5479-bpztz          1/1     Running   1          46h
volumes-pvc-longhorn-demo            1/1     Running   0          27h
[root@k8s-master comfigmap]# kubectl exec configmaps-env-demo  -- netstat -tnl   #查看配置是否生效
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State       
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:8080            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN  
[root@k8s-master configmap]# cat configmaps-volume-demo.yaml 
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: configmaps-volume-demo
  namespace: default
spec:
  containers:
  - image: nginx:alpine
    name: nginx-server
    volumeMounts:
    - name: ngxconfs
      mountPath: /etc/nginx/conf.d/ 
      readOnly: true
  volumes :
  - name: ngxconfs
    configMap:
      name: nginx-config-files  #引用前面定義的configmap
      optional: false
[root@k8s-master configmap]# kubectl get pod
NAME                                 READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
centos-deployment-66d8cd5f8b-95brg   1/1     Running   0          46h
configmaps-env-demo                  1/1     Running   0          35m
configmaps-volume-demo               1/1     Running   0          6m8s
my-grafana-7d788c5479-bpztz          1/1     Running   1          46h
volumes-pvc-longhorn-demo            1/1     Running   0          28h
[root@k8s-master configmap]# kubectl exec configmaps-volume-demo  -it -- /bin/sh
/ # nginx -T
......
# configuration file /etc/nginx/conf.d/myserver.conf:  #看容器配置文件是否加載configmap配置
server {
    listen 8080;
    server_name www.ik8s.io;
    include /etc/nginx/conf.d/myserver-*.cfg;
    location / {
        root /usr/share/nginx/html;
    }
}
# configuration file /etc/nginx/conf.d/myserver-gzip.cfg:
gzip on;
gzip_comp_level 5;
gzip_proxied expired no-cache no-store private auth;
gzip_types text/plain text/css  application/xml text/javascript;
# configuration file /etc/nginx/conf.d/myserver-status.cfg:
location /nginx-status {
stub_status on;
access_log off;
}
[root@k8s-master configmap]# kubectl get pods configmaps-volume-demo -o go-template={{.status.podIP}}
10.244.1.177
[root@k8s-master configmap]# curl 10.244.1.177:8080  #默認頁面
...
<h1>Welcome to nginx!</h1>
[root@k8s-master configmap]# curl -H "Host:www.ik8s.io" 10.244.1.177:8080/nginx-status  #自定義頁面
Active connections: 1 
server accepts handled requests
 2 2 2 
Reading: 0 Writing: 1 Waiting: 0

    掛載configMap一部分資源時有兩種方法

    1.掛載卷時通過items:參數 指定允許輸出到卷的鍵

    2.在容器掛載卷時，指定掛載哪些卷

    示例3 configMap items:指定輸出key

    1.掛載卷時通過items:參數 指定允許輸出到卷的鍵

    [root@k8s-master configmap]# ls demoapp-conf.d/  #3個配置文件
envoy.yaml  lds.conf  myserver.conf
[root@k8s-master configmap]# cat demoapp-conf.d/envoy.yaml 
node:
  id: sidecar-proxy
  cluster: demoapp-cluster
admin:
  access_log_path: /tmp/admin_access.log
  address:
    socket_address: { address: 0.0.0.0, port_value: 9901 }
dynamic_resources:
  lds_config:
    path: '/etc/envoy/lds.conf'
static_resources:
  clusters:
  - name: local_service
    connect_timeout: 0.25s
    type: STATIC
    lb_policy: ROUND_ROBIN
    load_assignment:
      cluster_name: local_service
      endpoints:
      - lb_endpoints:
        - endpoint:
            address:
              socket_address:
                address: 127.0.0.1
                port_value: 8080
[root@k8s-master configmap]# cat demoapp-conf.d/lds.conf 
{
  "version_info": "0",
  "resources": [
    {
      "@type": "type.googleapis.com/envoy.api.v2.Listener",
      "name": "listener_0",
      "address": {
        "socket_address": {
          "address": "0.0.0.0",
          "port_value": 80
        }
      },
      "filter_chains": [
        {
          "filters": [
            {
              "name": "envoy.http_connection_manager",
              "config": {
                "stat_prefix": "ingress_http",
                "codec_type": "AUTO",
                "route_config": {
                  "name": "local_route",
                  "virtual_hosts": [
                    {
                      "name": "local_service",
                      "domains": [
                        "*"
                      ],
                      "routes": [
                        {
                          "match": {
                            "prefix": "/"
                          },
                          "route": {
                            "cluster": "local_service"
                          }
                        }
                      ]
                    }
                  ]
                },
                "http_filters": [
                  {
                    "name": "envoy.router"
                  }
                ]
              }
            }
          ]
        }
      ]
    }
  ]
}
[root@k8s-master configmap]# cat configmaps-volume-demo2.yaml 
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: configmaps-volume-demo2
  namespace: default
spec:
  containers:
  - name: proxy
    image: envoyproxy/envoy-alpine:v1.14.1
    command: ['/bin/sh','-c','envoy -c /etc/envoy/..data/envoy.yaml']
    volumeMounts:
    - name: appconfs      #通過掛載卷引用comfigmap
      mountPath: /etc/envoy
      readOnly: true
  - name: demo
    image: ikubernetes/demoapp:v1.0
    imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
    env:      #通過環境變量引用 但這里引用的comfigmap文件中并沒有定義
    - name: PORT
      valueFrom:
        configMapKeyRef:
          name: demoapp-confs
          key: demoapp.port
          optional: false
    - name: HOST
      valueFrom:
        configMapKeyRef:
          name: demoapp-confs
          key: demoapp.host
          optional: true
  volumes:
  - name: appconfs
    configMap:
      name: demoapp-confs   #這里只引用的2個文件
      items:  #默認只允許哪些鍵 輸出給存儲卷
      - key: envoy.yaml  #掛載的鍵名
        path: envoy.yaml  #掛載的文件名  可以和上面不一樣
        mode: 0644  #掛載后的權限
      - key: lds.conf
        path: lds.conf
        mode: 0644
      optional: false
[root@k8s-master configmap]# kubectl create  cm demoapp-confs --from-literal=demoapp.host=127.0.0.1 --from-literal=demoapp.port="8080" --from-file=./demoapp-conf.d/   #創建時定義demoapp.host、demoapp.port
[root@k8s-master ~]# kubectl describe cm demoapp-confs
Name:         demoapp-confs
Namespace:    default
Labels:       <none>
Annotations:  <none>
Data
====
demoapp.host:
----
127.0.0.1
demoapp.port:
----
8080
envoy.yaml:
----
node:
  id: sidecar-proxy
  cluster: demoapp-cluster
admin:
  access_log_path: /tmp/admin_access.log
  address:
    socket_address: { address: 0.0.0.0, port_value: 9901 }
dynamic_resources:
  lds_config:
    path: '/etc/envoy/lds.conf'
static_resources:
  clusters:
  - name: local_service
    connect_timeout: 0.25s
    type: STATIC
    lb_policy: ROUND_ROBIN
    load_assignment:
      cluster_name: local_service
      endpoints:
      - lb_endpoints:
        - endpoint:
            address:
              socket_address:
                address: 127.0.0.1
                port_value: 8080
lds.conf:
----
{
  "version_info": "0",
  "resources": [
    {
      "@type": "type.googleapis.com/envoy.api.v2.Listener",
      "name": "listener_0",
      "address": {
        "socket_address": {
          "address": "0.0.0.0",
          "port_value": 80
        }
      },
      "filter_chains": [
        {
          "filters": [
            {
              "name": "envoy.http_connection_manager",
              "config": {
                "stat_prefix": "ingress_http",
                "codec_type": "AUTO",
                "route_config": {
                  "name": "local_route",
                  "virtual_hosts": [
                    {
                      "name": "local_service",
                      "domains": [
                        "*"
                      ],
                      "routes": [
                        {
                          "match": {
                            "prefix": "/"
                          },
                          "route": {
                            "cluster": "local_service"
                          }
                        }
                      ]
                    }
                  ]
                },
                "http_filters": [
                  {
                    "name": "envoy.router"
                  }
                ]
              }
            }
          ]
        }
      ]
    }
  ]
}
Events:  <none>
[root@k8s-master configmap]# kubectl apply  -f configmaps-volume-demo2.yaml 
pod/configmaps-volume-demo2 created
[root@k8s-master ~]# kubectl get pod -o wide
NAME                                 READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE     IP             NODE        NOMINATED NODE   READINESS GATES
configmaps-volume-demo               1/1     Running   0          6h47m   10.244.1.177   k8s-node1   <none>           <none>
configmaps-volume-demo2              2/2     Running   0          35m     10.244.1.182   k8s-node1   <none>           <none>
my-grafana-7d788c5479-bpztz          1/1     Running   1          2d5h    10.244.2.120   k8s-node2   <none>           <none>
volumes-pvc-longhorn-demo            1/1     Running   0          35h     10.244.2.124   k8s-node2   <none>           <none>
[root@k8s-master ~]# kubectl exec configmaps-volume-demo2 -c demo -- netstat -tnlp
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State       PID/Program name    
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:9901            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      -
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:8080          0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1/python3
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:80              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      -
[root@k8s-master ~]# kubectl exec configmaps-volume-demo2 -c proxy -- netstat -tnlp
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State       PID/Program name    
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:9901            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1/envoy
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:8080          0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      -
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:80              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1/envoy
[root@k8s-master ~]# kubectl exec configmaps-volume-demo2 -c proxy -- ls /etc/envoy
envoy.yaml
lds.conf

    示例4: configMap subPath掛載指定鍵

    2.在容器掛載卷時，指定掛載哪些鍵

    [root@k8s-master configmap]# cat configmaps-volume-demo3.yaml 
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: configmap-volume-demo3
  namespace: default
spec:
  containers:
  - image: nginx:alpine
    name: nginx-server
    volumeMounts:
    - name: ngxconfs
      mountPath: /etc/nginx/conf.d/myserver.conf  #本機掛載目錄
      subPath: myserver.conf  #掛載configMap中的子項 目錄或某個值
      readOnly: true
    - name: ngxconfs
      mountPath: /etc/nginx/conf.d/myserver-gzip.cfg
      subPath: myserver-gzip.cfg
      readOnly: true
  volumes:
  - name: ngxconfs
    configMap:
      name: nginx-config-files  #之前示例中已經創建 包含3個DATA數據項
[root@k8s-master configmap]# kubectl apply  -f configmaps-volume-demo3.yaml 
pod/configmap-volume-demo3 created
[root@k8s-master configmap]# kubectl exec configmap-volume-demo3 -it -- /bin/sh  #只引用了其中2項數據
/ # ls /etc/nginx/conf.d/
default.conf       myserver-gzip.cfg  myserver.conf

    configMap 文件的引用、重載

    [root@k8s-master configmap]# kubectl get pod -o wide
NAME                                 READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE     IP             NODE        NOMINATED NODE   READINESS GATES
centos-deployment-66d8cd5f8b-95brg   1/1     Running   0          2d18h   10.244.2.117   k8s-node2   &lt;none&gt;           &lt;none&gt;
configmap-volume-demo3               1/1     Running   0          11m     10.244.1.186   k8s-node1   &lt;none&gt;           &lt;none&gt;
configmaps-env-demo                  1/1     Running   0          20h     10.244.1.173   k8s-node1   &lt;none&gt;           &lt;none&gt;
configmaps-volume-demo               1/1     Running   0          19h     10.244.1.177   k8s-node1   &lt;none&gt;           &lt;none&gt;
configmaps-volume-demo2              2/2     Running   0          13h     10.244.1.182   k8s-node1   &lt;none&gt;           &lt;none&gt;
my-grafana-7d788c5479-bpztz          1/1     Running   1          2d18h   10.244.2.120   k8s-node2   &lt;none&gt;           &lt;none&gt;
volumes-pvc-longhorn-demo            1/1     Running   0          2d      10.244.2.124   k8s-node2   &lt;none&gt;           &lt;none&gt;
[root@k8s-master configmap]# curl -H "Host:www.ik8s.io" 10.244.1.177:8080/nginx-status
Active connections: 1 
server accepts handled requests
 4 4 4 
Reading: 0 Writing: 1 Waiting: 0 
[root@k8s-master configmap]# kubectl exec configmaps-volume-demo -it -- /bin/sh
/ # cd /etc/nginx/conf.d/
/etc/nginx/conf.d # ls -lA    #引用的comfigMap實際指向是一個隱藏時間戳文件
total 0
drwxr-xr-x    2 root     root            79 Aug  6 08:02 ..2021_08_06_08_02_41.172956995
lrwxrwxrwx    1 root     root            31 Aug  6 08:02 ..data -&gt; ..2021_08_06_08_02_41.172956995
lrwxrwxrwx    1 root     root            24 Aug  6 08:02 myserver-gzip.cfg -&gt; ..data/myserver-gzip.cfg
lrwxrwxrwx    1 root     root            26 Aug  6 08:02 myserver-status.cfg -&gt; ..data/myserver-status.cfg
lrwxrwxrwx    1 root     root            20 Aug  6 08:02 myserver.conf -&gt; ..data/myserver.conf
/etc/nginx/conf.d # cd ..data/  #里面才是真實的配置文件 
/etc/nginx/conf.d/..2021_08_06_08_02_41.172956995 # ls
myserver-gzip.cfg    myserver-status.cfg  myserver.conf
/etc/nginx/conf.d # exit
[root@k8s-master configmap]# kubectl get cm
NAME                 DATA   AGE
demoapp-config       4      42h
demoapp-confs        4      13h
nginx-config         2      21h
nginx-config-files   3      19h
[root@k8s-master configmap]# kubectl edit cm nginx-config-files  #修改對應的configMap
apiVersion: v1
data:
  myserver-gzip.cfg: |
    gzip on;
    gzip_comp_level 5;
    gzip_proxied expired no-cache no-store private auth;
    gzip_types text/plain text/css  application/xml text/javascript;
  myserver-status.cfg: |
    location /nginx-status {
    stub_status on;
    access_log off;
    allow 127.0.0.0/8;  #隨便添加2行配置
    deny all;
    }
...
configmap/nginx-config-files edited
[root@k8s-master configmap]# kubectl exec configmaps-volume-demo -it -- /bin/sh
/ # cd /etc/nginx/conf.d/..
..2021_08_06_08_02_41.172956995/  ..data/
/ # cd /etc/nginx/conf.d/
/etc/nginx/conf.d # ls -lA
total 0
drwxr-xr-x    2 root     root            79 Aug  7 03:58 ..2021_08_07_03_58_59.548609753
lrwxrwxrwx    1 root     root            31 Aug  7 03:58 ..data -&gt; ..2021_08_07_03_58_59.548609753   #鏈接的時間戳文件已經發生改變 重載的時間會在短時間內隨機生成 并不是所有Pod同一時間重載
lrwxrwxrwx    1 root     root            24 Aug  6 08:02 myserver-gzip.cfg -&gt; ..data/myserver-gzip.cfg
lrwxrwxrwx    1 root     root            26 Aug  6 08:02 myserver-status.cfg -&gt; ..data/myserver-status.cfg
lrwxrwxrwx    1 root     root            20 Aug  6 08:02 myserver.conf -&gt; ..data/myserver.conf
/ # nginx -T    #應用是否支持熱加載和自動重載需要看具體的應用，一般云原生應用都會支持熱加載當檢測到配置有更新之后會自動重載，一般非原生應用可能需要重啟Pod
# configuration file /etc/nginx/conf.d/myserver-gzip.cfg:
gzip on;
gzip_comp_level 5;
gzip_proxied expired no-cache no-store private auth;
gzip_types text/plain text/css  application/xml text/javascript;
# configuration file /etc/nginx/conf.d/myserver-status.cfg:
location /nginx-status {
stub_status on;
access_log off;
allow 127.0.0.0/8;
deny all;
}
/etc/nginx/conf.d # exit

    以上就是kubernetes Volume存儲卷configMap學習筆記的詳細內容，更多關于kubernetes Volume存儲卷configMap的資料請關注其它相關文章！

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