本文介紹了如何使用SqlalChemy編寫我自己的聚合函數？的處理方法，對大家解決問題具有一定的參考價值，需要的朋友們下面隨著小編來一起學習吧！
問題描述
如何使用SQLAlChemy編寫我自己的聚合函數？作為一個簡單的例子，我想使用NumPy來計算方差。使用SQLite，它將如下所示：
import sqlite3 as sqlite
import numpy as np
class self_written_SQLvar(object):
def __init__(self):
import numpy as np
self.values = []
def step(self, value):
self.values.append(value)
def finalize(self):
return np.array(self.values).var()
cxn = sqlite.connect(':memory:')
cur = cxn.cursor()
cxn.create_aggregate("self_written_SQLvar", 1, self_written_SQLvar)
# Now - how to use it:
cur.execute("CREATE TABLE 'mytable' ('numbers' INTEGER)")
cur.execute("INSERT INTO 'mytable' VALUES (1)")
cur.execute("INSERT INTO 'mytable' VALUES (2)")
cur.execute("INSERT INTO 'mytable' VALUES (3)")
cur.execute("INSERT INTO 'mytable' VALUES (4)")
a = cur.execute("SELECT avg(numbers), self_written_SQLvar(numbers) FROM mytable")
print a.fetchall()
>>> [(2.5, 1.25)]
推薦答案
新聚合函數的創建依賴于后端，必須完成
直接使用下劃線連接的API。SQLAlChemy不提供任何
用于創建這些內容的工具。
但是，在創建之后，您只能在SQLAlChemy中正常使用它們。
示例：
import sqlalchemy
from sqlalchemy import Column, Table, create_engine, MetaData, Integer
from sqlalchemy import func, select
from sqlalchemy.pool import StaticPool
from random import randrange
import numpy
import sqlite3
class NumpyVarAggregate(object):
def __init__(self):
self.values = []
def step(self, value):
self.values.append(value)
def finalize(self):
return numpy.array(self.values).var()
def sqlite_memory_engine_creator():
con = sqlite3.connect(':memory:')
con.create_aggregate("np_var", 1, NumpyVarAggregate)
return con
e = create_engine('sqlite://', echo=True, poolclass=StaticPool,
creator=sqlite_memory_engine_creator)
m = MetaData(bind=e)
t = Table('mytable', m,
Column('id', Integer, primary_key=True),
Column('number', Integer)
)
m.create_all()
現在進行測試：
# insert 30 random-valued rows
t.insert().execute([{'number': randrange(100)} for x in xrange(30)])
for row in select([func.avg(t.c.number), func.np_var(t.c.number)]).execute():
print 'RESULT ROW: ', row
該打印(打開SQLAlChemy語句ECHO)：
2009-06-15 14:55:34,171 INFO sqlalchemy.engine.base.Engine.0x...d20c PRAGMA
table_info("mytable")
2009-06-15 14:55:34,174 INFO sqlalchemy.engine.base.Engine.0x...d20c ()
2009-06-15 14:55:34,175 INFO sqlalchemy.engine.base.Engine.0x...d20c
CREATE TABLE mytable (
id INTEGER NOT NULL,
number INTEGER,
PRIMARY KEY (id)
)
2009-06-15 14:55:34,175 INFO sqlalchemy.engine.base.Engine.0x...d20c ()
2009-06-15 14:55:34,176 INFO sqlalchemy.engine.base.Engine.0x...d20c COMMIT
2009-06-15 14:55:34,177 INFO sqlalchemy.engine.base.Engine.0x...d20c INSERT
INTO mytable (number) VALUES (?)
2009-06-15 14:55:34,177 INFO sqlalchemy.engine.base.Engine.0x...d20c [[98],
[94], [7], [1], [79], [77], [51], [28], [85], [26], [34], [68], [15], [43],
[52], [97], [64], [82], [11], [71], [27], [75], [60], [85], [42], [40],
[76], [12], [81], [69]]
2009-06-15 14:55:34,178 INFO sqlalchemy.engine.base.Engine.0x...d20c COMMIT
2009-06-15 14:55:34,180 INFO sqlalchemy.engine.base.Engine.0x...d20c SELECT
avg(mytable.number) AS avg_1, np_var(mytable.number) AS np_var_1 FROM mytable
2009-06-15 14:55:34,180 INFO sqlalchemy.engine.base.Engine.0x...d20c []
RESULT ROW: (55.0, 831.0)
請注意，我沒有使用SQLAlChemy的ORM(只使用了SQLAlChemy的SQL表達式部分)，但您也可以使用ORM。
這篇關于如何使用SqlalChemy編寫我自己的聚合函數？的文章就介紹到這了，希望我們推薦的答案對大家有所幫助，
