PivotTables part 3: More clickable, more compact, and nicely styled
數據透視表3：更多可選擇、更簡潔精美的樣式
Today, I would like to cover some of the improvements we made in Excel 12 to make PivotTables easier to read and explore.
今天，我介紹一下Excel 12的一些改進，這些改進使得數據透視表更易于閱讀與理解。
Expand Collapse
One of the nice exploration features of PivotTables is the ability to expand and collapse items in order to view values at different levels of detail. In Excel 12, we have added expand/collapse indicators to the PivotTable to make it easy to discover when there are more details to explore (and to make it obvious that this feature even exists!). The expand indicator is a “+” and the collapse indicator is a “-”.
展開折疊
數據透視表中一個值得探索的特征就是展開和折疊項目的功能，使用戶能夠按照不同的明細等級察看數據。在Excel 12 里，我們給數據透視表增加了展開/折疊指示器，讓用戶很容易就能看出是否含有隱藏的明細數據。這個展開指示器是一個“+”，折疊指示器是一個“-”。
Let’s look at an example. In the PivotTable below, I have added three fields to the row area and the sales amount field to the values area. Currently only items of the first field, year, are showing. To display the details below 2001, all I have to do is to click the expand indicator:
讓我們來看一個例子。在數據透視表的下面，我已經添加三個字段到行區域，銷售額字段添加到值區域。通常只有第一個字段的項目“年份”顯示出來。為了顯示2001下面的明細數據，我們需要點擊展開指示器。
And now I’m looking at the sales amount for each product category in 2001:
現在，我們可以看到2001下面每一個產品種類的銷售額：
To go to a lower level of detail, I can expand mountain bikes as well and I get the sales amount for each bike model:
為了看到下一級明細數據，我可以展開“山地自行車”，從而得到每款自行車的銷售額：
Note that I am now at the lowest level of my “hierarchy”, so there are no expand or collapse indicators. The indicators do not print by default, and they can be turned off altogether once you are done exploring the data and are getting ready to present the result.
我現在位于最底級的層級里，所以這里沒有展開或折疊指示器。指示器在默認的情況下是不會被打印出來的，一旦你完成探究這些數據并做好顯示結果的準備，那么這個指示器就會自動關掉。
Compact Axis
Many of you have probably noticed that the PivotTables in Excel 12 look more “compact” than a PivotTable in current Excel versions. Probably the easiest way to explain this is with a few pictures. Here is an Excel 12 PivotTable with three fields on the row axis.
Compact Axis
大家可能已經注意到Excel 12 的數據透視表看起來比當前的Excel版本的數據透視表更加緊湊。圖片就是最好的證明。這是一個Excel 12 的數據透視表，在行軸上有三個字段。
And here is the same PivotTable in Excel 2003.
下面是同一個數據透視表在Excel 2003中的樣子。
To significantly improve the readability of PivotTables, we have added a new layout option for displaying items in the row area, which the team refers to as “compact”. In the Excel 12 screenshot above, you’ll notice that items from all of the three different fields in the row area are displayed in a single column. To distinguish between items from different fields, Mountain Bikes is indented under 2001 and the individual mountain bike models are indented even further under Mountain Bikes. One of the key benefits of this feature is that PivotTable row labels take up far less room on your screen, so that there is much more room for your numbers.
為了有效的改進數據透視表的可讀性，我們增加了一個新的布局選項，它可以顯示行區域的項目，這組選項稱為“compact”。在上面的Excel 12 截圖中，你會注意到行區域中的三個不同的字段的項目顯示在同一列上。為了區別不同字段的項目，山地自行車在2001下面縮進，而各種山地自行車款式也在山地自行車之下再縮進。這個特征的主要好處就是在你的屏幕中數據透視表的行標簽占據更少的空間，所以有更多的空間讓你放置你的數據。
This compact form is the new default layout for PivotTables in Excel 12. That said, we have provided three different “row area layout options” to choose from. The layout settings can be controlled for each field individually but it is very easy to set them for all fields at once. This is done in the Report Layout drop down on the PivotTable Styles tab.
這個緊湊形式是Excel 12 數據透視表的新的默認布局。也就是說，我們已經提供了三種不同的“行區域布局選項”。在布局設置里可以控制每一個字段，而且很容易調整各個字段的位置。這個命令已經設置在數據透視表樣式標簽的報告布局的下拉列表里。
In addition to the compact form that we have already looked at, the tabular form displays one column per field displayed and leaves space for field headers. Here is what the tabular form looks like for the same PivotTable – much like current versions of Excel.
緊湊形式我們已經看到了，除此之外，還有平板形式，平板形式的每一種字段顯示一列，剩下的空格作為字段標題。這就是平板形式看起來很像當前Excel版本的數據透視表的原因。
The outline layout is very similar to tabular except that you can have subtotals at the top of every group, since items in the next column are displayed on row below the current item. To illustrate the difference, the screenshot below shows outline form where Mountain Bikes is one row below 2001:
大綱形式與平板形式很相似，只是大綱形式在每一個分組的頂端有一個小計，而且下一列的項目顯示在前一列項目的下一行。舉例說明它們之間的差別，下面的截圖顯示在大綱形式下山地自行車在2001的下一行：
As the screenshots above illustrate, the great advantage of the new compact form is that the PivotTable utilizes space a lot better, making it much easier to read. Tabular and outline form include a lot of white space making the report wider and the result is that the values are pushed out of view in many cases.
上面的截圖表明，新的緊湊形式的最大優點就是數據透視表能夠充分利用空間，更易于閱讀。平板形式和大綱形式包含許多空格使得報表很寬，造成數據被擠出我們的視野。
PivotTable Styles
Back in November, I wrote a post on a feature we added to Excel 12 called table styles. Table styles provide a way a way to quickly format entire tables using a preset style definition. They are dynamic, meaning as your data change the style is re-applied smartly, there is a lot of variety, the UI for applying table styles is very visual and easy, and they will be professionally designed, so that out-of-the box people will be able to create presentation-level quality.
數據透視表樣式
2005年11月，我寫了一篇關于Excel 12 列表樣式的文章（table styles.）。在列表樣式中，用戶可以事先定義好各種列表樣式，然后利用這些樣式快速格式化整個列表。這是動態的，意味著當你的數據改變時，樣式也會隨之調整，這有許多種變化，應用列表樣式的用戶界面看起來也栩栩如生，并且可進行專業化設計，使得外行人也能夠創建高質量的報表。
Well, the good news is that we have done the same for PivotTables. In Excel 12, we have added PivotTable styles, which are another important part of our work to make PivotTables easier to read and understand. In the same way as table styles, the PivotTable UI offer styles in a gallery.
我們也為數據透視表做了同樣的工作，這是一個好消息。在Excel 12 里，我們增加了數據透視表樣式，使得數據透視表可讀性更強，這也是我們工作中的另一個重要部分。和列表樣式一樣，數據透視表用戶界面也提供了一個樣式展臺。
Clicking a style in the style gallery will immediately apply the style to the entire PivotTable. Below are two examples of PivotTable styles. The first example is a style that highlights the top part of the report while formatting everything below similarly:
在樣式展臺中點擊一個樣式就會立即將這個樣式應用到整個數據透視表。下面是數據透視表樣式的兩個例子。第一個例子的樣式是突出顯示報告頂部，也同樣格式化下面的所有明細條款。
The next example demonstrates that you can make each group stand out to make it easier to find subtotals in the report. In this example, 2001 and Mountain Bikes are in bold text since they represent subtotals whereas the individual mountain bike models are in regular text since they are at the lowest level of detail.
第二個例子表明：你可以突出顯示每一組項目，使得小計部分在報告中顯而易見。在這個例子中，因為2001和山地自行車后面顯示小計的結果，所以這里以粗體字體顯示，而山地自行車的款式則以正常的字體顯示，因為它們在明細數據中等級最低。
Excel 12 will come with a large set of predefined PivotTable styles that you can pick and choose from. In addition, just like table styles, you can create your own styles that fit your specific needs whether that might be corporate guidelines or individual preferences. PivotTables, however, are more complex than tables, so there are more table elements available for users to define formatting on. For example, you can define formatting for multiple levels of subtotals, you can define striping at different levels in the PivotTable. (UI is not final.)
Excel 12 將會自帶很多預先定義的數據透視表樣式供你選擇。另外，就像列表樣式一樣，不管是公司的統一風格還是個人的偏愛，你都可以創建自己的樣式以適合你的特殊需求。然而，數據透視表比列表更加復雜，所以有更多的表元素可提供給用戶定義數據透視表的格式。例如，你可以為多級匯總定義格式，你可以在數據透視表的不同級之間定義條紋。
We think that users will really enjoy this feature – once a style has been applied to a PivotTable, the PivotTable continues to look good through sorts, filters, pivots, addition or removal of fields, etc.
我們認為用戶會真正的喜歡上這個特性——一旦某種樣式已經應用于某個數據透視表，那么這個數據透視表就會繼續貫穿著排序、篩選、轉置、添加或刪除字段等等。
Next time up, a bunch more features that make PivotTables easier to read and explore.
下次，介紹數據透視表更多的特性，這些特性讓數據透視表更易于理解和學習。
