【藏品名稱】：江南省造光緒元寶每元當制錢十文（乙巳）
[collection name]: Guangxu Yuanbao made in Jiangnan Province, ten Wen per yuan (Yisi)
【藏品類別】：錢幣
[collection type]: Coins
【藏品簡介】：光緒二十九年（公元1903年）七月，清政府擬訂了《整頓圜法章程》十條，其中提出銅幣專由造幣總廠制造，保留南洋（江南）、北洋、廣東、湖北四局為分廠。在制造銅元的同時，許多人提出了制造金幣的主張，進入20世紀，興起了關于建立本位制度的討論，有人主張中國實行金本位制，在黃金儲備不足的情況下，可以先實行金匯兌本位制（亦稱“虛金本位制”）。
[introduction to the collection]: in July of the 29th year of Guangxu (AD 1903), the Qing government formulated ten articles of the articles of Association for rectifying the Yuan Law, which proposed that copper coins should be made exclusively by the general mint and kept in Nanyang The four bureaus (Jiangnan), Beiyang, Guangdong and Hubei are branches. While manufacturing copper coins, many people put forward the idea of manufacturing gold coins. In the 20th century, there was a discussion on the establishment of standard system. Some people advocated that China should implement gold standard system. When gold reserves are insufficient, gold exchange standard system (also known as "virtual gold standard system") can be implemented first.
這種幣制以黃金定價格標準，但國內實際流通的是銅元，銅元按黃金價值流通，是黃金的價值符號。在金本位制尚無實行條件時，當時普遍主張先實行銀本位制，在此前提下，又產生了貨幣單位的“兩元之爭”。有人主張銀元重一兩，有人主張重七錢二分，即以元為單位。緒元寶是清朝光緒年間流通的貨幣之一。由兩廣總督張之洞率先引進英國鑄幣機器鑄造銀元和銅元，之后各省紛紛仿效。共有十九個省局鑄造。
This currency system sets the price standard based on gold, but the actual circulation in China is copper yuan. Copper yuan circulates according to the value of gold, which is the value symbol of gold. When there were no conditions for the implementation of the gold standard, it was generally advocated to implement the silver standard first. On this premise, there was a "binary dispute" over the monetary unit. Some people claim that the silver dollar weighs one or two, while others claim that it weighs seven cents and two cents, that is, the unit is yuan. Xu Yuanbao was one of the currency in circulation during the Guangxu period of the Qing Dynasty. Zhang Zhidong, governor of Guangdong and Guangdong, took the lead in introducing British coin minting machines to mint silver and copper dollars. Later, all provinces followed suit. A total of 19 provincial bureaus were cast.
江南省造光緒元寶系指清代光緒二十三年到三十一年（1897-1905年）由南京造幣廠鑄造的機制“光緒元寶”系列錢幣，系清代正式鑄行的法定流通貨幣。但鑄造江南省造錢幣的清末，已無江南省建制。江南省設于清朝順治二年（1645年），省府位于江寧（今南京）。清代的江南省前身是明朝的南直隸江南省，范圍大致相當于今天的江蘇省、上海市和安徽省。康熙六年（1667年）清廷撤江南省，分設江蘇和安徽兩個省。南京造幣廠將其鑄造的貨幣標明“江南省造”，是因為當時蘇州已經有一個專鑄機制銅元的造幣廠，并且其鑄造的銅元均標明“江蘇省造”。為避免混淆，南京造幣廠將其鑄造的銀幣標明為“江南省造”。江南省造貨幣系我國貨幣史上唯一有名無實的省份貨幣。
Guangxu Yuanbao made in Jiangnan province refers to the series coins of "Guangxu Yuanbao" made by Nanjing mint from the 23rd to 31st years of Guangxu in the Qing Dynasty (1897-1905). It is the legal currency officially cast in the Qing Dynasty. However, Jiangnan province was no longer established in the late Qing Dynasty. Jiangnan Province was established in the second year of Shunzhi in the Qing Dynasty (1645), and the provincial capital is located in Jiangning (today's Nanjing). Jiangnan Province in the Qing Dynasty was formerly nanzhili Jiangnan Province in the Ming Dynasty, roughly equivalent to today's Jiangsu Province, Shanghai city and Anhui Province. In the sixth year of Kangxi (1667), the Qing government withdrew Jiangnan province and divided it into Jiangsu Province and Anhui Province. The Nanjing Mint marked its coins as "made in Jiangnan province" At that time, there was already a mint in Suzhou that specialized in casting machine-made copper coins, and the copper coins were marked "made in Jiangsu Province". In order to avoid confusion, the Nanjing Mint marked the silver coins as "made in Jiangnan province". The coinage of Jiangnan province is the only nominal provincial currency in China's monetary history.
此枚江南省造光緒元寶每元當制錢十文；重:7.4g、直徑:2.85cm；正面中間是“光緒元寶”中心有兩個滿文，上方銘文為“江南省造”，下方為“每元當制錢十文”，在“江南省造”的兩邊，左右分別是乙巳記年。背面，中間是一條飛龍，上方為英文，左右各一個玫瑰花飾，中間由珠圈組成。該幣包漿厚實，工藝精湛，雕工完善，浮雕感強烈的品種，鏡面平整平滑，紋飾的相慣線（相慣線——現代機械制圖學術語，即平面與平面、平面與曲面及曲面與曲面之間的交線。）顯得很是清晰，楷書文字書法極為精湛、大氣，間架結構平衡舒展，在龍洋里壓倒一切。
反面盤龍龍眼內有兩顆清晰的內視龍睛，直指龍珠，簡直就是優異的盤龍浮雕作品。錢幣外貌的包漿醇厚，即即是對銅幣沒有研究的外行也是愛不釋手，極具鑒賞性。它有著歷史熏陶，是價值很高的革命文物，具有深遠的歷史紀念意義；同時還是考古和研究中國歷史文化難得的實物。
This Guangxu ingot made in Jiangnan province is worth ten Wen per yuan; Weight: 7.4g, diameter: 2.85cm; In the middle of the front is the "Guangxu Yuanbao", with two Manchu inscriptions in the center. The upper inscription is "made in Jiangnan province", and the lower inscription is "ten coins per yuan". On both sides of the "made in Jiangnan province", the year of Yisi is on the left and right. On the back, there is a flying dragon in the middle, English above, a rose decoration on the left and right, and a bead circle in the middle. It is a kind of coin with thick paste, exquisite workmanship, perfect carving and strong relief feeling. The mirror surface is flat and smooth, The line of inertia (line of inertia - the academic language of modern mechanical drawing, that is, the intersection between plane and plane, plane and surface, and surface and surface) of the decoration appears very clear. The regular script calligraphy is extremely exquisite and atmospheric, and the shelf structure is balanced and stretched, which is overwhelming in longyangli.There are two clear internal looking dragon eyes in the reverse Panlong longan, pointing directly at the dragon ball, which is an excellent Panlong relief work. The appearance of coins is mellow, which means that laymen who have not studied copper coins can't put it down and have great appreciation. It has historical edification, is a revolutionary cultural relic of high value, and has far-reaching historical significance; At the same time, it is also a rare object for Archaeology and the study of Chinese history and culture.
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