【藏品名稱】：明代霧藍釉大盤
[collection name]: large plate of fog blue glaze in Ming Dynasty
【藏品類別】：瓷器
[collection type]: porcelain
【藏品簡介】：瓷器裝飾上有一類深青色和藍色的單色釉器。這種單色釉器，由于在釉的用料上不同，所以大致上可分為不同色調、不同名稱的一色蘭釉器——回青、祭藍和灑藍等。
[introduction to the collection]: there is a kind of monochrome glaze ware in dark cyan and blue on the porcelain decoration. Due to the different materials used for glaze, this monochrome glaze can be roughly divided into monochrome blue glazes with different hues and names - Huiqing, sacrificing blue and sprinkling blue, etc.
(1)回青是以回青料施釉的。深青色的釉器不透明，色調深濃、幽青。大多為明代制品。明代宣德時期的回青器，釉色深淺不勻。器底和器里大多是白釉。品種除了一色素器外，有以深青色釉為底白釉作圖案的和在深青色釉內暗刻花紋作為裝飾的?；y圖案有云紋、云龍紋、纏枝托八寶、纏枝蓮等。其他的白釉，胎子造型款識均與宣德時期的青花器相同。宣德以后各時期，均有回青器燒造，至嘉靖時期回青被更廣泛的使用。它不僅被用作青花的色料，并且在繼承宣德的基礎上有了新的創造。在深青色釉地上白釉作圖案，然后再在這些白釉的圖案上貼金。如貼金的云龍、纏枝寶相花等。器皿的內、外、底大多三面施釉。官窯的款識有青花楷書六字二排款，陰紋楷書刻款和模款、器口的齋匾款等。民窯燒造的多在器底施以深醬色釉。萬歷時期的回青器仍以嘉靖為規范，但在質量上較遜色。明代晚年在江西、浙江等地有較多的回青器出土，大多是瓶、碗、盤、壇等小型器皿。至清代由于祭藍、灑藍等藍釉器的始創與發展，回青器便趨衰退。
(1) Huiqing is glazed with Huiqing material. The dark cyan glaze is opaque, and the tone is dark and dark blue. Most of them were made in the Ming Dynasty. Huiqing ware in Xuande period of Ming Dynasty has uneven glaze color. The bottom and inside are mostly white glaze. In addition to a pigment container, there are dark cyan glaze as the bottom, white glaze as the pattern and dark engraved patterns in the dark cyan glaze as decoration. Patterns include cloud pattern, cloud dragon pattern, eight treasures of twig holding, twig lotus, etc. Other white glazes and fetal shapes are the same as those of blue and white ware in Xuande period. Huiqing ware was fired in various periods after Xuande, and Huiqing was more widely used in Jiajing period. It is not only used as the pigment of blue and white, but also has a new creation on the basis of inheriting Xuande. Make patterns on the dark cyan glaze ground with white glaze, and then paste gold on the patterns of these white glaze. Such as Yunlong with gold, Baoxiang flower with tangled branches, etc. The inner, outer and bottom of the vessel are mostly glazed on three sides. There are six characters and two rows of blue and white regular script, engraved and molded regular script with Yin pattern, Zhai plaque at the mouth of utensils, etc. Most folk kilns are made with dark brown glaze at the bottom. The Huiqing ware in Wanli period is still standardized by Jiajing, but it is inferior in quality. In the late Ming Dynasty, many Huiqing utensils were unearthed in Jiangxi, Zhejiang and other places, mostly small utensils such as bottles, bowls, plates and altars. In the Qing Dynasty, due to the creation and development of blue glazed utensils such as sacrificing blue and sprinkling blue, Huiqing utensils tended to decline.
高溫藍釉在元代的成功燒造，為明、清兩代藍釉的繁榮發展奠定了基礎。明代藍釉的燒造在元代的基礎上，不斷推陳出新，發展出了欣欣向榮的面貌。單從對藍釉的稱呼上來看，就有很多種，如祭藍、寶石藍、積藍、霽藍、霽青等。
The successful firing of high-temperature blue glaze in the Yuan dynasty laid a foundation for the prosperity and development of blue glaze in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Based on the Yuan Dynasty, the firing of blue glaze in the Ming Dynasty continued to push through the old and bring forth the new, and developed a thriving appearance. In terms of the appellation of blue glaze alone, there are many kinds, such as sacrificial blue, sapphire blue, Jilan, Jiqing, etc.
明代的藍釉從明代建國后就開始燒造了，洪武朝燒造的藍釉還不是純粹的內外通體單色藍釉，而是與其他單色釉共同燒造，或者器內為藍釉，器外為另一釉色，或者器外為藍釉，器內為另一釉色。
The blue glaze of the Ming Dynasty has been fired since the founding of the people's Republic of China in the Ming Dynasty. The blue glaze fired in the Hongwu Dynasty is not a pure internal and external monochrome blue glaze, but is fired together with other monochrome glazes. Either the inside of the ware is blue glaze, the outside of the ware is another glaze, or the outside of the ware is blue glaze, and the inside of the ware is another glaze.
常見的有內藍釉外醬釉、內藍釉外紅釉、內藍釉外白釉、外藍釉內紅釉的品種，而且在釉色之下還有凸印和暗刻龍紋與云紋的做法。這種裝飾方法的早期藍釉器物多流散到了海外，國內較為少見。
Common varieties include inner blue glaze, outer sauce glaze, inner blue glaze, outer red glaze, inner blue glaze, outer white glaze, outer blue glaze and inner red glaze, and there are embossed and concealed dragon and cloud patterns under the glaze color. Most of the early blue glazed objects of this decoration method were scattered overseas, which is rare in China.
