【藏品名稱】：玉帶鉤
[collection name]: jade belt hook
【藏品數(shù)量】：一件
[collection quantity]: one piece
【藏品簡介】：玉帶鉤又稱龍鉤，它是腰帶上的鉤，因鉤端常以龍頭造型，故又稱龍鉤。其實除了龍首形外，還有鳥首形或其他獸首形。玉質(zhì)帶鉤始于戰(zhàn)國時期，它是人們用在腰帶上的飾品，起扣攏腰帶的作用，故名帶鉤，帶鉤有以銅、鐵、玉等多種材料制成，帶鉤古時又名“師比”。玉為青白色，局部有褐色紋。獸首，象螭首，鉤面向上凸起。
[collection introduction]: jade belt hook is also called Dragon hook. It is a hook on the belt. Because the end of the hook is often shaped like a faucet, it is also called Dragon hook. In fact, in addition to the dragon head, there are also bird heads or other animal heads. Jade belt hook began in the Warring States period. It is an ornament used on people's belt and plays the role of fastening the belt. Therefore, it is called belt hook. The belt hook is made of copper, iron, jade and other materials. It is also known as "Shibi" in ancient times. Jade is bluish white, with brown lines in some parts. The head of a beast is like the head of a dog, and the hook is raised upward.
明清時期玉帶鉤風(fēng)靡于世，現(xiàn)存數(shù)量稀少。它一端的獸首裝飾以龍首居多，有的在鉤背上再琢一小龍，謂之螭（古有龍九子螭居其一之說），昂首與大龍首相對，毛發(fā)畢現(xiàn)，四足凌空，雙尾神采奕奕，故謂之雙龍鉤。歷史上玉龍鉤的流行主要在兩個時期：一是戰(zhàn)國至漢代；二是元、明、清時期，明代玉龍鉤的特征龍首小而扁長，龍的雙角表現(xiàn)不清。龍首的眉毛上揚，相向彎轉(zhuǎn)呈勾云紋；眉額隆起，有重眉壓眼之感；龍首的吻部用陰刻線條表現(xiàn)唇和上下的排牙；龍嘴側(cè)橫鉆一對穿孔，以示空腔；龍無鬢而有發(fā)較粗，發(fā)有兩撮、三撮之分，且有長有短，長者可披肩。
During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, jade belt hooks were popular all over the world, and there are few existing ones. The head of the beast at one end of the hook is mostly decorated with a dragon head. Some carve a small dragon on the back of the hook, which is called a dragon (there was a saying that the nine sons of the Dragon lived in one of them in ancient times). The head is held high opposite the head of the big dragon, the hair is seen, the four feet are in the air, and the two tails are in high spirits, so it is called a double dragon hook. In history, the jade dragon hook was popular in two periods: one was from the Warring States period to the Han Dynasty; Second, in the yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, the jade dragon hook in the Ming Dynasty was characterized by a small, flat and long dragon head, and the double horns of the dragon were not clearly displayed. The eyebrows of the dragon's head rise and turn to each other in a hook cloud pattern; Eyebrow forehead bulge, with the feeling of heavy eyebrow pressing eyes; The snout of the dragon's head shows the lips and upper and lower rows of teeth with Yin engraved lines; A pair of perforations are drilled horizontally at the dragon mouth side to show the cavity; The dragon has thick hair without temples. There are two or three strands of hair, and they are long and short. The elderly can wear a shawl.
龍鉤的鉤背上琢的皆系螭，有作伏地狀的浮雕，也有螭身騰起其口含靈芝，方首單尾，但尾后部左右 卷曲分離。螭身細呈弧形，曲線流暢，偎依貼附在大龍身上，用深雕技法。其龍首與螭之間的間距較大。元代龍鉤的形較寬，似琵琶形，鉤鈕作成長方形環(huán)孔或琢成錘形鈕，且貼近尾部，而本件藏品為明代玉帶鉤，其玉質(zhì)溫潤，制作工藝考究，實屬傳世珍品
On the back of the Dragon hook, there are carved dragons, some of which are in the shape of crouching on the ground, and some of which are lifted up. Their mouth contains Ganoderma lucidum, with a square head and a single tail, but the rear of the tail is left and right Curl separation. The body is thin, curved and smooth. It nestles and sticks to the dragon and uses the deep carving technique. The distance between the dragon head and the dragon head is large. The shape of the Dragon hook in the Yuan Dynasty is wide, like the shape of a lute. The hook button is made into a rectangular ring hole or a hammer button, and close to the tail. This collection is a jade belt hook in the Ming Dynasty. Its jade is warm and moist, and its manufacturing technology is exquisite. It is really a handed down treasure
