岫巖玉，遼寧省鞍山市岫巖滿族自治縣特產，中國國家地理標志產品。
Xiuyan Jade, a specialty of Xiuyan Manchu Autonomous County, Anshan City, Liaoning Province, is a national geographic indication product of China.
岫巖玉為中國歷史上的四大名玉之一(其三為陜西藍田玉、新疆和田玉和河南獨山玉) ，因產于遼寧岫巖而得名，最早的玉名見自西漢《爾雅》:'東方之美者，有醫無閭之殉圩琪焉'。岫巖玉廣義上可以分為兩類，一類是老玉，老玉中的籽料稱作河磨玉，屬于透閃石玉，其質地樸實、凝重、色澤淡黃偏白，是一種珍貴的璞玉;另一類是岫巖碧玉，其質地堅實而溫潤，細膩而圓融，多呈綠色至湖水綠，其中以深綠、通透少瑕為珍品。
Xiuyan Jade is one of the four famous jades in Chinese history (the third is Lantian jade in Shaanxi, Hetian jade in Xinjiang and Dushan jade in Henan). It is named after Xiuyan Jade in Liaoning Province. The earliest jade name can be found in Erya of the Western Han Dynasty: "the beauty of the East is the sacrifice of Qi Yan who has no medicine". Xiuyan Jade can be broadly divided into two categories. One is old jade. The seed material of old jade is called hemo jade, which belongs to tremolite jade. Its texture is simple, dignified, and its color is light yellow and white. It is a kind of precious jade; The other is Xiuyan Jasper. Its texture is solid and warm, delicate and mellow. It is mostly green to lake green. Among them, dark green, transparent and flawless are the treasures.
岫巖玉山生水藏，質地堅韌，細膩溫潤，光澤明亮，色彩豐富。具有塊度大、色度美、明度高、凈度純、密度好、硬度足六大特點，自古以來就是理想的玉雕材料。
Xiuyan Yushan raw water reservoir has tough texture, delicate and moist, bright luster and rich colors. It is an ideal jade carving material since ancient times because of its large size, beautiful color, high brightness, pure purity, good density and enough hardness.
岫巖玉物質成分復雜，物理性質、工藝美術特征等亦多有差別，因而它不是一個單一的玉種。按礦物成分的不同，可將岫巖玉分為蛇紋石玉、透閃石玉、蛇紋石玉和透閃石玉混合體三種，其中以蛇紋石玉為主。據紅外吸收光譜曲線圖顯示出蛇紋石玉組成，并含少量纖蛇紋石、膠蛇紋石。透閃石主要由透閃石組成，綠泥石玉主要由葉綠泥石組成。通過顯微鏡、透射電子顯微鏡、X射線衍射分析、差熱分析等手段亦可將岫巖玉分段劃分為蛇紋玉、花色玉、綠泥玉三種。
Xiuyan Jade is not a single kind of jade because of its complex material composition, different physical properties and arts and crafts characteristics. According to the different mineral composition, Xiuyan Jade can be divided into serpentine jade, tremolite jade, serpentine jade and tremolite jade mixture, in which serpentine jade is the main. According to the infrared absorption spectrum curve, serpentine jade is composed of a small amount of chrysotile and chrysotile. Tremolite is mainly composed of tremolite and chlorite jade is mainly composed of chlorite. By means of microscope, transmission electron microscope, X-ray diffraction analysis and differential thermal analysis, Xiuyan Jade can be divided into serpentine jade, flower jade and green clay jade.
和田玉在商周之際嶄露頭角，至漢代成了'王玉'時期的寵兒，但岫巖玉在皇家用玉中仍時有蹤影。漢代'金縷玉衣'的玉片多是岫巖玉，明定陵出土的玉器中有不少用岫巖玉雕琢，清代是岫巖采掘盛期，清宮遺寶里更有大量精美的岫巖玉藝術品。
Hetian jade emerged in the Shang and Zhou dynasties, and became the favorite of Wang Yu in the Han Dynasty, but Xiuyan Jade was still found in the Royal jade. Most of the jade pieces in the Han Dynasty are Xiuyan Jade. Many of the jades unearthed from the Dingling Mausoleum of the Ming Dynasty are carved with Xiuyan Jade. The Qing Dynasty is the peak period of Xiuyan excavation, and there are a large number of exquisite Xiuyan Jade works in the palace treasures of the Qing Dynasty.
專家分析，岫巖玉本身的歷史文化價值始終沒有改變，其收藏把玩的功能沒有改變，保值、增值的性能也沒有改變，在玉器珠寶行業優勝劣汰，適者生存，岫巖玉的發展會更平穩健康。因此，目前也是收藏岫巖玉的好時機。岫巖玉是不可再生資源，尤其越來越少的老玉和河磨玉，收藏價值正在迅速提高，用不了10年，岫巖玉會像新疆的和田玉一樣，一石難求收藏價值極高。
According to experts' analysis, Xiuyan Jade's historical and cultural value has never changed, its collection function has not changed, and its value preservation and value-added performance has not changed. In the jade and jewelry industry, the fittest survive, and Xiuyan Jade will develop more smoothly and healthily. Therefore, it is also a good time to collect Xiuyan Jade. Xiuyan Jade is a non renewable resource, especially less and less old jade and hemo jade. Its collection value is increasing rapidly. In less than 10 years, Xiuyan Jade will be like Hotan jade in Xinjiang. It's hard to find a stone with high collection value.
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