【藏品名稱】：宣德爐
[collection name]: Xuande stove
【藏品數量】：一件
[collection quantity]: one piece
【藏品簡介】：宣德爐，是由明宣宗朱瞻基在大明宣德三年參與設計監造的銅香爐，簡稱“宣爐”。宣德爐它是中國歷史上第一次運用風磨銅鑄成的銅器。為了制作出精品的銅爐，在朱瞻基的親自督促下，整個制作過程，包括煉銅、造型必須自《宣和博古圖》《考古圖》等典籍及內府密藏的數百件宋元名窯中，精選出符合適用對象、款制大雅的形制，將之繪成圖樣，再呈給其親覽，并說明圖款的來源和典故的出處，經過篩選確定后，再鑄成實物樣品讓其過目，滿意后方準開鑄。
[introduction to collection]: Xuande stove is a copper censer, which was designed and manufactured by Zhu Zhanji, Xuanzong of Ming Dynasty, in the third year of Xuande of Ming Dynasty. Xuande furnace is the first copper ware made of wind mill copper in Chinese history. Under Zhu Zhanji's personal supervision, in order to make a high-quality copper stove, the whole production process, including copper smelting and modeling, must be selected from the Xuan he Bo Gu Tu, archaeological Tu and other ancient books as well as hundreds of famous kilns of song and Yuan Dynasties in neifu's Secret collection, and the shapes that meet the applicable objects and are elegant in money system should be drawn, and then presented to them for personal inspection, and the source of money and allusions should be explained, After screening and confirmation, we can cast the real sample and let it have a look.
大明宣德爐的基本形制是敞口、方唇或圓唇，頸矮而細，扁鼓腹，三鈍錐形實足或分襠空足，口沿上置橋形耳或了形耳或獸形耳，銘文年款多于爐外底，與宣德瓷器款近似。除銅之外，還有金、銀等貴重材料加入，所以爐質特別細膩，呈暗紫色或黑褐色。一般爐料要經四煉，而宣德爐要經十二煉，因此爐質會更加純細，如嬰兒膚。鎏金或嵌金片的宣德爐金光閃閃，能夠給人—種不同凡器的感覺。
The basic shape of Xuande furnace in Ming Dynasty is open, square or round lip, short and thin neck, flat and bulging belly, three blunt cone-shaped solid feet or split crotch empty feet, with bridge shaped ears, Le shaped ears or animal shaped ears on the top of the mouth. The year of inscription is more than the bottom of the furnace, which is similar to Xuande porcelain. In addition to copper, there are gold, silver and other valuable materials added, so the furnace quality is particularly delicate, dark purple or dark brown. Generally, the furnace charge has to be refined four times, while Xuande furnace has to be refined twelve times, so the furnace quality will be more pure and fine, such as baby skin. The gilded or inlaid Xuande stove is glittering, which can give people a different feeling.
宣德爐最妙在色，其色內融，從黯淡中發奇光。史料記載有四十多種色澤，為世人鐘愛，其色的名稱很多。例如，紫帶青黑似茄皮的，叫茄皮色；黑黃像藏經紙的，叫藏經色；黑白帶紅淡黃色的，叫褐色；如舊玉之土沁色的，叫土古色；白黃帶紅似棠梨之色的，叫棠梨色，還有黃紅色的地、套上五彩斑點的，叫仿宋燒斑色；比朱砂還鮮紅的斑，叫朱紅斑；輕及豬肝色、棗紅色、琥珀色、茶葉末、蟹殼青等等。明朝萬歷年間大鑒賞家、收藏家、畫家項元汴（子京）說：“宣爐之妙，在寶色內涵珠光，外現澹澹穆穆。”
Xuande furnace is the most wonderful in color, its color in fusion, from the dark in the hair. According to historical records, there are more than 40 kinds of colors, which are loved by the world. For example, purple with green black eggplant skin, called eggplant skin color; Black and yellow like Sutra paper, called Sutra color; Black and white with red and light yellow, called brown; If the earth of the old jade is Qin colored, it is called ancient earth color; White yellow with red like the color of Tang pear, called Tang pear color, and yellow red ground, covered with colorful spots, called song Shao spot color; More than cinnabar also bright red spot, called vermilion; Light and pig liver color, jujube red, amber, tea powder, crab shell green and so on. During the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty, Xiang yuanbian (Zijing), a great connoisseur, collector and painter, said: "the beauty of xuanlu lies in the Pearl in the color of treasure, and the Danmu outside."
