龍泉窯是中國歷史上的一個(gè)名窯，宋代六大窯系。漢族傳統(tǒng)制瓷工藝的珍品。因其主要產(chǎn)區(qū)在浙江省龍泉市而得名。它開創(chuàng)于三國兩晉，結(jié)束于清代，生產(chǎn)瓷器的歷史長達(dá)1600多年，是中國制瓷歷史上最長的一個(gè)瓷窯系，它的產(chǎn)品暢銷于亞洲、非洲、歐洲的許多國家和地區(qū)，影響十分深遠(yuǎn)。龍泉窯以燒制青瓷而聞名，在北宋早期以前的產(chǎn)品風(fēng)格受越窯、甌窯、婺州窯的影響，特征與三窯的產(chǎn)品相似。胎質(zhì)較粗，胎體較厚，釉色淡青，釉層稍簿。
Longquan Kiln is a famous kiln in Chinese history, with six major kiln series in Song Dynasty. It is a treasure of the traditional porcelain making craft of the Han nationality. Because of its main production area in Zhejiang Longquan City, so named. It started in the Three Kingdoms Jin Dynasty and ended in the Qing Dynasty, with a history of producing porcelain for more than 1600 years. It is the longest porcelain kiln system in the history of porcelain making in China. Its products are sold well in many countries and regions in Asia, Africa and Europe, and have a far-reaching influence. Longquan Kiln is famous for firing celadon. The style of its products before the early Northern Song Dynasty was influenced by Yue Kiln, Ou Kiln and Wuzhou Kiln, and its characteristics were similar to those of the products of the Three Kilns. The fetus is thicker, the body is thicker, the glaze is light green, and the glaze layer is slightly thin.
此宋代龍泉窯青瓷執(zhí)壺，高23公分，小口，葫蘆形腹，耳狀把，流從下腹上升，圈足。紋飾纖細(xì)凸起。施滿釉，釉色青綠。壺有細(xì)的淺灰色主體和不透明的灰藍(lán)色釉。裸露的地方微紅。腳圈未上釉。南宋時(shí)期，龍泉地區(qū)曾燒造出最美麗的青瓷。此執(zhí)壺?zé)煊谡憬∥髂喜慨T江盆地的龍泉地區(qū)，龍泉器物胎土為淺灰色， 經(jīng)窯爐中冷卻過程的再氧化，露胎處呈現(xiàn)橘紅色。龍泉窯并非官窯。龍泉窯工們使用當(dāng)?shù)卮赏僚c釉料制作瓷器。
This song dynasty Longquan kiln blue and white porcelain pot, 23 cm high, small mouth, gourd shaped abdomen, ear shaped handle, flow from the lower abdomen, ring foot. The ornament is slender and raised. Glaze full, glaze green. The pot has a fine light gray body and opaque gray blue glaze. The bare place is reddish. The ring of the foot is not glazed. In the Southern Song Dynasty, Longquan area once made the most beautiful celadon. The pot is burnt in Longquan area, Oujiang basin, Southwest Zhejiang Province. The tire soil of Longquan utensils is light gray. After the oxidation of the cooling process in the kiln, the exposed place is orange red. Longquan kiln is not a government kiln. Longquan kiln workers use local porcelain clay and glaze to make porcelain.
此執(zhí)壺既無精美繁復(fù)的雕飾，也無艷彩濃抹的圖案，唯以其造型之秀美，釉色之純凈俏麗，風(fēng)格之敦厚，顯示出迷人的藝術(shù)魅力。它的釉為粉青釉，其色澤和質(zhì)地之美，代表了我國歷史上青釉燒制的最高水平。
This teapot has neither exquisite and complicated carved ornaments nor colorful patterns, but its beautiful shape, pure and beautiful glaze and honest style show its charming artistic charm. Its glaze is pink and green. The beauty of color and texture represents the highest level of green glaze firing in the history of our country.
龍泉窯瓷器造型豐富多樣，如日常生活中的盤、碗、洗、爐，文具中的筆筒、筆架、水盂以及塑像、陳設(shè)品、文玩器物等應(yīng)有盡有。其中尤以仿商周青銅器的鬲式爐、仿玉器的琮式瓶和仿漢代銅壺等器物最為精致。在裝飾方面，由于南宋龍泉窯青瓷釉層厚而失透，北宋盛行的刻劃花裝飾已不適用，堆塑和浮雕為裝飾手段則應(yīng)運(yùn)而生，產(chǎn)生了獨(dú)具特色的龍鳳、雙魚、蓮瓣、人物紋等具有立體感的紋樣，進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)了裝飾藝術(shù)的美感。
Porcelain in Longquan kiln has various shapes, such as plates, bowls, washes and furnaces in daily life, pen containers, pen holders, water bowls in stationery, statues, furnishings, and playware, etc. Among them, the vessels with tripod vessels imitates Shang and Zhou bronzes, the cong flask imitates jade vessels, and the Han Dynasty bronze pot are the most exquisite. In terms of decoration, because the celadon glaze layer of Longquan kiln in the Southern Song Dynasty was thick and lost, the carving flower decoration prevailing in the Northern Song Dynasty was no longer applicable, and the stair sculpture and relief as the decorative means came into being, producing the unique three-dimensional patterns such as dragon and phoenix, double fish, lotus petals and figure patterns, which further strengthened the aesthetic feeling of decorative art.
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