迪化為烏魯木齊的舊稱。其實,烏魯木齊最早就名為“烏魯木齊”,意為蒙古語“優美的牧場”。后來乾隆皇帝征服回疆的準噶爾汗國叛亂后,于乾隆二十八年(1763年)定名迪化,寓意“開導教化”,各族人民和諧共處之意。新中國成立后,于1954年2月1日恢復烏魯木齊市名。迪化局自1889年到1911年,經歷了光緒和宣統兩個皇帝,鑄期為23年,所鑄銀幣有“光緒銀圓”、“迪化光緒銀圓”和“餉銀銀幣”等五種。
Di is the old name of Urumqi. In fact, Urumqi was first named "Urumqi", which means "beautiful pasture" in Mongolian. Later, after Emperor Qianlong conquered the rebellion of Junggar Khanate in Xinjiang, it was named Dihua in 1763, implying "Enlightenment" and harmonious coexistence of all ethnic groups. After the founding of new China, the name of Urumqi was restored on February 1, 1954. From 1889 to 1911, Dihua Bureau experienced two emperors, Guangxu and Xuantong, with a casting period of 23 years. There were five kinds of silver coins: "Guangxu silver coin", "Dihua Guangxu silver coin" and "pay silver coin".
迪化銀元,分為民國六年(1917年)及民國七年(1918年)造兩種,迪化局相繼用維漢兩種文字鑄“壹兩”銀幣。這種銀幣特點是在幣面標明鑄地,背面為阿拉伯圖案花飾及察合臺文,限本地使用,產量較少,因此市場潛力大,近年交易價格也有所攀高。錢幣正面珠圈內為漢文“壹兩”二字,圈內左右維文,上方為漢文“迪化銀圓局造”,下方為漢文“中華民國六年”;背面珠圈內為維吾爾文“一兩,烏魯木齊”,圈外為雙麥穗圖案。由于當時的迪化局工藝落后,制幣所用的老式沖壓機噸位小,壓力不足,造成所制銀幣圖文淺平,局部不甚清晰,經常有邊齒殘缺不全、漏打等粗陋之處。
Dihua silver coins were made in 1917 and 1918 respectively. Dihua Bureau successively made "one liang" silver coins in Uygur and Chinese characters. The characteristics of this kind of silver coin are that the coin surface is marked with the place of casting, and the back is decorated with Arabic patterns and Chagatai characters. It is limited to local use, and the output is small. Therefore, the market potential is large, and the transaction price has risen in recent years. On the front of the coin, there are two characters in the bead circle, one liang in Chinese, left and right Uyghur in the circle, Dihua yinyuanjuzao in Chinese above and six years of the Republic of China in Chinese below; on the back of the coin, there are Uyghur characters in the bead circle, one or two in Urumqi, and double ears of wheat outside the circle. Due to the backward technology of Dihua bureau at that time, the tonnage of the old punch used in the coin making was small, and the pressure was insufficient, the picture and text of the silver coins were shallow and flat, and some parts were not very clear, and there were often incomplete side teeth, missing printing and other rough places.
此枚迪化銀元其整體形狀完整,內刻齒鋸、圖案清晰可見無太大磨損,銀色發色自然,是具有很高市場收藏價值和藝術價值的珍品。
The overall shape of this Dihua silver coin is complete, and the carved tooth saw and pattern are clear and visible without too much wear. The silver hair color is natural. It is a treasure with high market collection value and artistic value.
民國六年迪化銀圓局鑄“壹兩”銀元,鑄行僅一年,作為地區高面值流通幣鑄額甚少。1933年3月,國民政府正式實施“廢兩改元”政策,規定各地停止使用“壹兩”的銀幣,以“壹圓”銀幣為主幣并通行全國。新疆地處邊陲,雖因歷史人文因素和貨幣構成的特殊性沒有立即廢兩改元,但在大量行用符合改制后的“壹圓”銀幣的同時逐步回收“壹兩”銀幣,尤其是在1935年11月幣制改革,廢止銀本位制,行用法幣后,“兩”制銀幣便徹底退出了流通領域。迪化“壹兩”銀元由于鑄額少,又經過近20年的流通以及二次幣制改革,真品皆回收殆盡,故存世罕見。
In the sixth year of the Republic of China, the di Hua Silver Circle bureau made "one two" silver yuan, which was cast for only one year, and the amount of circulating currency with high denomination was very small. In March 1933, the national government officially implemented the policy of "Abolishing two yuan into two yuan", which stipulated that the local governments should stop using the silver coins of "one two", and take "one yuan" silver as the main currency and pass the whole country. Xinjiang is located in the border area. Although the two yuan has not been abolished immediately due to the particularity of historical and cultural factors and currency composition, a large number of silver coins conforming to the reform of "one yuan" are used, and gradually recovered "one two" silver coins, especially in November 1935 reform of currency system, abolition of the silver standard system, and the use of French currency, the "two" system of silver coins has completely withdrawn from the circulation field. Due to the small amount of silver, and the circulation of nearly 20 years and the reform of the secondary currency system, the real products are all recycled, so it is rare to survive.
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