焚香習俗在我國有著悠久的歷史，古人焚香很多，所以香爐的用途很廣，除了禮儀環(huán)境所需要用的熏衣外，還是因為在書齋里熏香便于誦閱、有益于理解及記憶，此外還有一種用途便是陵墓、寺廟及權(quán)勢之家燒香、拜佛、祭祖。在我的藏品中，就有一個是壓經(jīng)爐。古代皇帝喜歡將此賞賜給佛教寺院。后來寺院多有仿制，便逐步成為專門的禮佛之物。
The custom of burning incense has a long history in China. The ancients burned a lot of incense, so the incense burner is widely used. Besides the smoked clothes needed in the etiquette environment, it is also because the incense in the study is convenient for reading, which is beneficial to understanding and memory. In addition, there is another purpose: burning incense in tombs, temples and powerful houses, worshipping Buddha and worshiping ancestors. In my collection, one is a warp pressing furnace. Ancient emperors liked to give this to Buddhist monasteries. Later, when there were many imitations in monasteries, they gradually became special rituals and Buddhas.
琴書侶：即明代宣德年間的吳邦佐，他是當年監(jiān)造鼎鼎大名的“大明宣德鑄爐”的工部吏臣，是宣德時鑄銅工藝名匠。具體生卒年月不詳。也是宣德爐式、款式、色種的設計者。邦佐為宮廷的宗廟社堂，鑄造了大批銅器，正是因為此人鑄爐技藝十分高超，從器型設計，紋飾設計，顏色調(diào)整，到物料配比，都無一不精，堪稱當時頂尖高手，此人頭腦還比較靈活，拿著朝廷的高額俸祿不說，同時還“私鑄”銅爐出售，皆精妙絕倫，均為達官貴人私家珍藏之物。再后來自行開鑄仿宣，生產(chǎn)了一批做工十分精良，器型唯美的銅爐，落款有八字款、十六字款，亦有題為“琴書侶”三字款。是繼宣德爐時代之后，在銅器鑄造工藝方面又一次飛躍。
Qin Shulv: Wu Bangzuo in Xuande period of Ming Dynasty. He was the official of the Ministry of Industry and Trade who supervised the famous "Daming Xuande Casting Furnace" in that year, and was a famous craftsman of bronze casting in Xuande period. The specific date of birth and death is unknown. It is also the designer of Xuande furnace style, style and color. A large number of bronze wares were cast in the ancestral temple hall of BangZuo Wei court, precisely because this person was very skilled in casting furnaces, from the design of the wares, decorative design, color adjustment, to the ratio of materials. He was the top master at that time, and his mind was flexible. He didn't say anything with the high salary of the imperial court, and he also "privately cast" bronze furnaces for sale, all of which were exquisite and were private treasures of dignitaries. Later, they made their own imitation propaganda, and produced a batch of copper furnaces with excellent workmanship and beautiful shapes. There were eight-character models and sixteen-character models, and there were also three-character models entitled "Qin Shu Couple". It is another leap in bronze casting process after Xuande Furnace era.
據(jù)相識，明初至清中期是銅爐制作的巔峰階段，工匠們在恒久制作歷程中積累了精湛的武藝，形成了奇異的傳統(tǒng)，在我國工藝美術(shù)史上獨樹一幟。“琴書侶”款銅香爐即是其中具代表的一類。“琴書侶”即吳邦佐，是宣德鑄爐時的工部吏臣，也是開鑄仿宣的大元勛。
According to acquaintance, the peak stage of copper furnace production was from the early Ming Dynasty to the middle Qing Dynasty. The craftsmen accumulated exquisite martial arts in the long-term production process and formed a strange tradition, which was unique in the history of arts and crafts in China. The "Qin Shu Couple" bronze incense burner is one of the representative ones. "Qin Shulv", namely Wu Bangzuo, was the official of the Ministry of Industry and Trade when Xuande cast the furnace, and was also the great father who made the imitation of Xuan.
這件“琴書侶”款（琴爐），造型小巧玲瓏，弧度自然，線條流通，底部款識正經(jīng)、字體利落、做工細膩，含金量高達百分之70，爐底的“琴書侶”三字款，反映出古代文人雅士的一種生涯狀態(tài)。明代香爐以商周青銅禮器為造型藍本，有鼎形、簋形、鬲形等多種名目。而宣德爐早的仿制者吳邦佐，他憑證鑄造宣德爐的要領(lǐng)，并招聘原鑄制宣德爐的工匠自行鑄造，他所鑄之爐精巧典雅，可與宣德爐媲美。
This "Qin Shu Couple" model (Qin Lu) is small and exquisite in shape, natural in radian, with flowing lines. The bottom is elegant in style, neat in font and delicate in workmanship, with a gold content as high as 70%. The "Qin Shu Couple" model on the hearth reflects a career state of ancient literati. The incense burner in Ming Dynasty is modeled on the bronze ritual vessels in Shang and Zhou Dynasties, with various names such as tripod, basket and shell. Wu Bangzuo, the imitator of Xuande Furnace, proved the essentials of casting Xuande Furnace, and recruited craftsmen who originally cast Xuande Furnace to cast it by themselves. The furnace he cast was exquisite and elegant, which was comparable to Xuande Furnace.
銅爐體積太大不一定就好，因為用于廟宇神堂的大型銅爐往往制作粗糙，但用于文房的銅爐，由于文人專門訂造，所以用料精，工藝好，大多是品位高的精、逸、妙、佳品，甚至是。而私款銅爐大部分屬于官宦世家或富貴人家的文房用具、府內(nèi)祭器，是專門鑄造，所以屬孤品，后有喜歡其傳世的款名，亦有后記，但不會批量生產(chǎn)，所以形制好、、銅質(zhì)精、皮色佳、款字優(yōu)的私款爐，其文物價值、藝術(shù)品位和市場價值極高。
It's not necessarily good that the copper furnaces are too large, because the large copper furnaces used in temples and shrines are often made rough, but the copper furnaces used in study rooms are made specially by literati, so they have fine materials and good workmanship, and most of them are fine, elegant, wonderful and good products with high grade. However, most of the private copper furnaces belong to the study utensils and sacrificial vessels of official families or wealthy families, which are specially cast, so they are isolated products. Later, there are models that like their names handed down from ancient times, and they also have afterwords, but they will not be mass-produced. Therefore, private furnaces with good shape, fine copper, good skin color and excellent characters have extremely high cultural relics value, artistic taste and market value.
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