說到唐朝瓷器中的佳品,就必然提到邢窯瓷器。目前市面上傳世的邢窯瓷器是非常少的,但是從作為文物的出土邢窯瓷上就可以看出其器型端莊而富于變化,開片紋精美,特點鮮明,具有非常高的收藏價值。
When it comes to the best products in Tang Dynasty porcelain, Xing kiln porcelain must be mentioned. At present, there are very few Xing kiln porcelain handed down from the market, but from the unearthed Xing kiln porcelain as a cultural relic, it can be seen that its shape is dignified and full of changes, its opening pattern is exquisite, its characteristics are distinct, and it has very high collection value.
首先,邢窯瓷器的器型是特別富有唐朝特色的,無論是罐還是瓶、碗,器型都飽滿圓潤,制作上也精致細膩,具有唐帝國富麗堂皇的時代美感,體現在顏色上就是色料、釉料的選用也較為大方、明艷,如同唐詩的女俑一樣盡顯富貴雍容。
First of all, the shape of Xing kiln porcelain is particularly rich in Tang Dynasty characteristics. Whether it is a jar, a bottle or a bowl, the shape is full and round, and its production is exquisite and delicate. It has the magnificent aesthetic feeling of the Tang Empire, which is reflected in the color that the selection of pigments and glazes is also generous and bright, just like the female figurines in Tang poetry.
其次,由于邢窯瓷器所處的時代——唐朝,其陶瓷工藝還沒有如宋朝一般的爐火純青。所以邢窯瓷器有一個明顯的特征,那就是有粗細之分,同一個窯口中出了兩種瓷器,并且兩者都是質量極佳的名瓷。其中的粗白瓷,顧名思義,有自然痕跡,所以其顏色是比較自然的黃白色,這是由于唐朝前期工藝的限制:比如在揉泥的時候沒有揉充分而導致的泥料中含有空氣,后期自然氧化的情況更嚴重一些。這都是自然的現象,也可以說是唐邢窯瓷器的一個特色。
Secondly, due to the Tang Dynasty, the era in which Xing Kiln porcelain lived, its ceramic technology was not as perfect as that of Song Dynasty. Therefore, Xing kiln porcelain has an obvious feature, that is, there are two kinds of porcelain in the same kiln mouth, and both of them are famous porcelain with excellent quality. Among them, coarse white porcelain, as its name implies, has natural traces, so its color is relatively natural yellow-white, which is due to the limitation of the early Tang Dynasty process: for example, the mud was not fully kneaded, resulting in air in the mud, and the natural oxidation in the later period was more serious. This is a natural phenomenon, and it can also be said to be a characteristic of Tang Xing kiln porcelain.
而比較精品的邢窯瓷器是在唐末亂世出現的,這個時期南北文化有了交流,因此瓷器燒制的技法也逐漸成熟。即使是粗白瓷也精細了很多,從瓷胎對比就可以看出來,唐朝前期的邢窯瓷器瓷胎是比較粗的,并且以手撫之能感受到比較粗糲的紋理。但是在唐末的時候。邢窯粗白瓷已經有了較為細滑的表面,以手撫之,白膩光潔。
The fine Xing kiln porcelain appeared in the troubled times at the end of Tang Dynasty. During this period, the North and South cultures exchanged, so the firing techniques of porcelain gradually matured. Even coarse white porcelain is much finer. From the comparison of porcelain tires, it can be seen that the porcelain tires of Xingyao porcelain in the early Tang Dynasty were relatively thick, and the rough texture could be felt by touching them with hands. But at the end of the Tang Dynasty. The coarse white porcelain of Xing Kiln has a relatively smooth surface, which is touched by hand and white and greasy.
當然,邢窯細白瓷的發展史要更精細一些,因為細白瓷是皇室供瓷,質量要求也就更高,邢窯細白瓷最大的特色在于其白釉,相比較于其他的窯口來說,他的白釉并不是純粹的白,而且淺白帶一層細碎的鵝黃,不要小看這一層鵝黃,他是邢窯細白瓷的韻味之所在,這一層略帶黃的白釉不是完全光滑的,它上面會有細微的孔眼,必須仔細觀察才能發現。這些孔眼遍布在釉層中,和白釉中的鵝黃相呼應,泛出了淺青色,這就導致邢窯細白瓷不像別的窯口所出白瓷一樣擁有玉的質感,而是較為冷清、更傾向于瓷器本身的質地,所以也有人將邢窯瓷器戲稱為唐蛋殼瓷。
Of course, the development history of fine white porcelain in Xing Kiln is more detailed, because fine white porcelain is supplied by the royal family, and the quality requirements are higher. The biggest feature of fine white porcelain in Xing Kiln is its white glaze. Compared with other kiln mouths, his white glaze is not pure white, and it is light with a layer of fine yellow. Don't underestimate this layer of yellow, he is the charm of fine white porcelain in Xing Kiln, and this layer of yellowish white glaze is not complete. These holes are all over the glaze layer, echoing the light yellow color in the white glaze, which makes the fine white porcelain of Xing Kiln not have the texture of jade like the white porcelain from other kilns, but rather tend to the texture of porcelain itself, so some people call Xing Kiln porcelain Tang eggshell porcelain.
邢窯瓷器不僅從釉的光澤和顏色上來說比較冷清,而且從其厚薄來說,上過釉的邢窯細白瓷是稍微有些透明的,在聚光燈下觀察,甚至可以透過瓷胎清晰地看到燈的影子,所以如果手中的藏品不是那么輕薄,沒有較強的透明感強,則很可能是后世的仿品,因為即使是現代技術也很難達到細白瓷這樣的水平。
Xing kiln porcelain is not only cold and cheerless in terms of luster and color of glaze, but also slightly transparent in terms of thickness. When observed in the spotlight, you can even see the shadow of the lamp clearly through the porcelain tire. Therefore, if the collection in your hand is not so light and thin and has no strong sense of transparency, it is likely to be an imitation of later generations, because even modern technology can hardly reach the level of fine white porcelain.
這件唐代邢窯白瓷執壺,官宦用瓷,做工精湛,流傳至今一千三百多年,保存完好,無磕碰,美品,實屬不易,有權威機構鑒定證書,收藏無后患,極具收藏價值和投資價值。
This white porcelain from Xing Kiln in Tang Dynasty is used for holding pots. Officials use porcelain. It is exquisite in workmanship. It has been handed down for more than 1,300 years. It is well preserved, free from bumps and beautiful products. It is not easy. It has an appraisal certificate from an authoritative organization, and has no future troubles in collection. It has great collection value and investment value.
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