50年代至85年代中國(guó)在特定經(jīng)濟(jì)時(shí)期發(fā)放的一種購(gòu)糧憑證。那時(shí)候，必須憑糧票才能購(gòu)買糧食。中國(guó)很早實(shí)行的票證種類是糧票、食用油票、布票等。其實(shí)憑票供應(yīng)不是我國(guó)很早采用的，蘇聯(lián)在十月革命后，當(dāng)時(shí)國(guó)內(nèi)不穩(wěn)定，內(nèi)戰(zhàn)不斷，商品缺乏，就采取商品有計(jì)劃的分配，發(fā)放各種商品票證，蘇聯(lián)很早的票證是1916年的鞋票。
A grain purchase certificate issued by China in a specific economic period from 1950s to 1980s. At that time, food must be purchased with food stamps. The types of tickets implemented early in China are food tickets, edible oil tickets and cloth tickets. In fact, ticket supply was not adopted very early in China. After the October Revolution in the Soviet Union, when the country was unstable, the civil war continued and commodities were scarce, the planned distribution of commodities was adopted and various commodity tickets were issued. The early ticket in the Soviet Union was the shoe ticket in 1916.
美國(guó)也在二戰(zhàn)時(shí)期商品緊張時(shí)，發(fā)放了各種商品票證，其種類也不少，這其中就含有糧票性質(zhì)的票證。現(xiàn)在還有一些國(guó)家仍然采用憑票供應(yīng)方式，如朝鮮、越南等一些國(guó)家。
During the World War II, when the goods were in short supply, the United States issued various kinds of commodity tickets, including food stamps. At present, there are still some countries that still use the method of supply by ticket, such as Korea, Vietnam and other countries.
糧票的尺寸是千差萬(wàn)別的，其形式有橫式，也有豎式、齒狀和正方形。有的糧票與人民幣10元大小相同，而有的糧票只有1厘米大小。面額大的在千斤、萬(wàn)斤以上，面額小的僅為一錢以下。計(jì)量單位從舊秤市制到很新的千克制，應(yīng)有盡有。
Food stamps vary in size, including horizontal, vertical, toothed and square. Some food stamps are the same size as RMB 10 yuan, while others are only 1 cm in size. The large denomination is over 1,000 Jin and 10,000 Jin, while the small denomination is only less than one yuan. The unit of measurement ranges from the old scale system to the new restraint system.
每一套糧票通常按年限區(qū)分，依票面單位或重量排列，從1到70余枚不等。糧票內(nèi)容名稱各不相同，更是豐富多彩。糧票的設(shè)計(jì)各不一樣，有的有精美的圖案，有的將風(fēng)景名勝和濃郁的民族風(fēng)情設(shè)計(jì)在糧票上，有的無(wú)圖案而且紙質(zhì)差，這些常體現(xiàn)在早期糧票上，只在紙上印上一些字，有的用鉛印、油印，還有專門印糧票的廠家監(jiān)制印刷，大多數(shù)糧票上面還蓋有有關(guān)部門的公章，有的還印有編號(hào)等等。
Each set of food stamps is usually divided according to the number of years and arranged according to the face unit or weight, ranging from 1 to more than 70 pieces. The names of food stamps are different and colorful. The design of food stamps is different, some have exquisite patterns, some design scenic spots and rich ethnic customs on food stamps, some have no patterns and poor paper quality, which are often reflected in early food stamps, only some words are printed on paper, some are printed by lead printing and mimeograph, and some are printed by manufacturers who specially print food stamps. Most food stamps are stamped with official seals of relevant departments, and some are printed with numbers, etc.
糧票，可以說(shuō)是中國(guó)在特定歷史背景下的產(chǎn)物，在現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不復(fù)存在。也許許多年輕人不知道什么是糧票，也沒有欣賞過(guò)各類郵票，但是，如果您詢問(wèn)的對(duì)象是老一輩長(zhǎng)者，他們肯定會(huì)如數(shù)家珍的道出各種各樣有關(guān)于糧票的故事，
Food stamps, which can be said to be the product of China in a specific historical background, no longer exist now. Maybe many young people don't know what food stamps are, and they haven't appreciated all kinds of stamps. However, if you ask older people, they will tell all kinds of stories about food stamps.
相比玉石、字畫還有古玩等收藏品市場(chǎng)中的其他熱門品種，糧票作為收藏品存在和發(fā)展的歷史還很短暫，這使得糧票在十多年前剛進(jìn)入收藏品市場(chǎng)時(shí)價(jià)值不為大眾所認(rèn)識(shí)，算得上是十分冷門的收藏門類。
Compared with other popular varieties in the collectibles market, such as jade, calligraphy and painting, antiques, etc., the existence and development history of food stamps as collectibles is still very short, which makes the value of food stamps not recognized by the public when they first entered the collectibles market more than ten years ago, and it can be regarded as a very unpopular collection category.
近些年來(lái)，糧票收藏者數(shù)量在不斷擴(kuò)大，尤其是香港、澳門特區(qū)和歐美一些國(guó)家收藏者，開始高價(jià)購(gòu)買糧票，競(jìng)相收藏中國(guó)糧票中的珍品。對(duì)于糧票的“突然”升溫，糧票市場(chǎng)存在的“僧多粥少”現(xiàn)象，是其價(jià)格迅速上漲的主要原因。
In recent years, the number of collectors of food stamps has been expanding, especially those in Hong Kong, Macao SAR and some countries in Europe and America, who began to buy food stamps at high prices and competed to collect the treasures in Chinese food stamps. For the "sudden" rise of food stamps, the phenomenon of "too many monks and too few porridge" in the food stamp market is the main reason for the rapid price increase.
由于糧票屬于小眾收藏范疇，很初的收藏者大多是郵票愛好者。藏友圈里，大多數(shù)人還是因?yàn)榕d趣愛好，以收藏為主。但隨著近年來(lái)糧票價(jià)格的走高，不少原本出于興趣收藏糧票的人也意識(shí)到了糧票的價(jià)值。有的藏家開始囤積居奇，炒作價(jià)格。
Since food stamps belong to the category of niche collections, most collectors at the very beginning are stamp lovers. In the circle of Tibetan friends, most people still focus on collecting because of their hobbies. However, with the rising price of food stamps in recent years, many people who originally collected food stamps out of interest realized the value of food stamps. Some collectors began to hoard and speculate on prices.
糧票是特殊經(jīng)濟(jì)條件下的歷史產(chǎn)物，票面題材廣泛，印制精細(xì)，具有時(shí)間性、地域性的特點(diǎn)。經(jīng)年累月的歲月侵蝕，更使這種具有不可復(fù)制性的票證文物日漸稀少，珍品迭出，長(zhǎng)期為海內(nèi)外收藏愛好者所矚目。
Food stamps are the historical products under special economic conditions, with wide subject matter, fine printing, timeliness and regional characteristics. After years of erosion, this kind of unrepeatable ticket cultural relics is becoming scarce and rare, which has long attracted the attention of collectors at home and abroad.
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