柴窯是五代十國皇帝周世宗柴榮的御窯，據(jù)記載創(chuàng)建于五代后周顯德初年河南鄭州。但是至今尚未發(fā)現(xiàn)遺址，柴窯是中國古瓷中的代表瓷器。
Chai Kiln, the imperial kiln of Chai Rong, Zhou Shizong, was founded in Zhengzhou, Henan Province in the early years of Zhou Xiande after the Five Dynasties. However, no site has been found up to now, and Chai Kiln is the representative porcelain of Chinese ancient porcelain.
對(duì)于柴窯，片斷在文獻(xiàn)的片斷中一窺真容。據(jù)載，柴榮描繪它:“雨過天晴云破處，者般顏色做將來。”明清文獻(xiàn)更為清晰地描述柴窯“青如天、明如鏡、薄如紙、聲如磬”， 在顏色不光只青色，還有黑、黃、白、醬釉、芝麻醬色多種。但是中國瓷界及海外一直很少見柴窯蹤影。柴窯是后周皇帝柴榮所創(chuàng)燒，所以稱柴窯，它是唯一以人姓氏命名的官窯瓷。
For Chai Kiln, fragments can be seen in the fragments of literature. According to the record, Chai Rong described it: "After the rain, the clouds will be ruined, and the color will make the future." The literature of Ming and Qing Dynasties more clearly describes the firewood kiln as "blue as the sky, bright as the mirror, thin as paper, and the sound as the chime". The colors are not only cyan, but also black, yellow, white, sauce glaze and sesame paste. However, there have been few traces of firewood kilns in China's porcelain industry and overseas. Chai Kiln was created and burned by Chai Rong, the emperor of the later Zhou Dynasty, so it is called Chai Kiln, which is the only official kiln porcelain named after people's surnames.
一提起柴窯瓷器，收藏界資深一點(diǎn)的人都知道，這是一個(gè)在宋代至今的歷史上一直流傳著的一個(gè)美麗的傳說。每每談到柴窯瓷器的故事，人們就立刻會(huì)連想到，它的造型是如何如何的精美，它的釉色又是如何如何的漂亮。但是，柴窯瓷器它到底怎么樣？柴窯制瓷的窯址究竟在什么地方，至今它卻仍然是一個(gè)不解的謎團(tuán)。
When it comes to wood kiln porcelain, the more experienced collectors know that it is a beautiful legend that has been circulating in the history since Song Dynasty. Every time we talk about the story of Chai Kiln porcelain, people immediately think about how beautiful its shape is and how beautiful its glaze color is. However, what is the wood kiln porcelain like? So far, it is still a mystery where the kiln site for making porcelain from wood kiln is located.
柴窯的制瓷工藝承襲了晚唐時(shí)期的精華，在模壓成型兼印花的工藝技術(shù)上有突破和發(fā)展，器型規(guī)范，用料考究，配方獨(dú)特成為有宋以來青瓷制造的楷模。柴窯胎釉及精，釉中加入玻璃、瑪瑙、諸金石等貴重晶體顆粒，所以瓷釉滋潤透澈、晶瑩細(xì)媚，呈現(xiàn)出天青系列的天青五色，就象雨過天晴云破處的自然景觀，柴世宗御批“雨過天晴云破處，者般顏色做將來。”
The porcelain technology of chai kiln inherits the essence of the late tang dynasty, and has a breakthrough and development in the molding and printing technology. Chai kiln embryo glaze and fine, the glaze added glass, agate, stone and other precious crystal particles, so the porcelain glaze moistens clear, crystal fine, presenting a blue blue series of blue color, just like the natural landscape, chai shizong royal "after the rain clouds break, the color of the future.
柴瓷釉料配方獨(dú)特，呈色機(jī)理 和施釉方法能夠充分體現(xiàn)出雨過天青的美秒效果。釉子在燒窯時(shí)產(chǎn)生流動(dòng)，冷卻后在釉表形成了細(xì)密如畫的釉紋，出窯后釉收縮產(chǎn)生釉裂（冰裂紋），這兩種紋的疊加又形成了奇幻的光效果。 在施釉方法上采用了淋釉且施釉不到足的傳統(tǒng)工藝，足部露胎，胎表面呈粗黃色。
The unique formula of the enamel material, the color mechanism and the glaze method can fully reflect the effect of rain over azure. Glaze in the kiln flow, cooling in the glaze surface formed a fine picturesque glaze, glaze shrinkage after the kiln glaze crack (ice crack), the superposition of these two lines and formed a fantastic light effect. In the glaze method, the traditional technique of pouring glaze and applying glaze less than enough is adopted.
柴窯瓷器為諸窯之冠，曾由資料記載描述：柴窯最貴，世不一見。柴窯燒制成本高、燒成率低，所以現(xiàn)存于世的柴窯數(shù)量非常稀少。此件柴窯綠釉鏤空茶壺胎釉質(zhì)地非常輕薄，用手敲之瓷器會(huì)發(fā)出清亮悅耳的響聲。茶壺利用鏤空對(duì)瓷器進(jìn)行裝飾美化，由于鏤空瓷器的制作難度大，技術(shù)要求高，成品率低，鏤空部位需精心設(shè)計(jì)，因此這件柴窯更顯得珍貴，極具收藏價(jià)值。
Chai kiln porcelain is the highest among all kilns, which has been described by data records: Chai kiln is the most expensive, which is different in the world. Wood kilns have high firing cost and low firing rate, so the number of existing wood kilns in the world is very rare. This green glaze hollowed-out teapot tire enamel is very light and thin, and the porcelain knocked by hand will make a clear and pleasant sound. The teapot uses hollowing-out to decorate and beautify porcelain. Because of the difficulty in making hollowed-out porcelain, high technical requirements, low yield and careful design of hollowed-out parts, this firewood kiln is more precious and has great collection value.
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