改革開放以來,我國錢幣收藏與研究的深度和廣度超過了歷史上任何一個時期,錢幣收藏愛好者遍及全國城鄉,流散民間的珍稀歷史錢幣不斷被發現,特別是大規模的基本建設,不少歷史錢幣重見天日,其間不乏很多精品,機制銀元也成為錢幣收藏投資的新熱門品種,價格一路上揚,尤其是珍品銀元,在藏品交易市場上表現異常活躍。
Since the reform and opening up, the depth and breadth of coin collection and research in China has surpassed any period in history. Coin collectors have spread all over the country's urban and rural areas, and rare historical coins scattered among the people have been found constantly, especially in large-scale capital construction. Many historical coins have come to light again, and there are many fine products in the meantime. The mechanism silver dollar has also become a new popular variety of coin collection investment, and its price has been rising all the way, especially the treasure silver dollar, which is extremely active in the collection trading market.
“船洋”是國民政府在上世紀30年代鑄造的海洋帆船圖案銀幣的俗稱,是中國近代機制幣中的十大名譽品之一。民國二十二年(1933年),國民黨南京政府決定放棄采用金本位幣制計劃,確定銀本位幣制,并規定孫像雙帆帆船銀幣為國幣。上海中央造幣廠于二十二年和二十三年開鑄此幣,曾大量發行流通,在我國近代發行的上千種老銀幣中,船洋銀幣 其影響僅次于“袁大頭”銀幣。
"Chuanyang" is the common name of the silver coin with the pattern of ocean sailboat, which was minted by the National Government in 1930s. It is one of the top ten famous products in modern Chinese mechanism coins. In the twenty-second year of the Republic of China (1933), the Nanjing government of the Kuomintang decided to abandon the plan of adopting the gold standard currency system, determined the silver standard currency system, and stipulated that the silver coins of Sun Xiang's sailing boat with double sails were the national currency. Shanghai Central Mint opened this coin in 22 and 23 years, and it has been widely distributed and circulated. Among thousands of old silver coins issued in modern China, Chuanyang Silver Coin is second only to Yuan Datou Silver Coin in its influence.
此“中華民國二十三年”幣全稱為“中華民國二十三年孫中山像帆船壹圓銀幣”,為銀幣收藏中的珍稀品種之一。此幣前身應是發行于民國二年(1932年)的“三鳥幣”。1929年初,財政部邀外國人設計新幣,后由美、日、英、意、奧五國造幣公司根據同一草圖試造了一批孫中山側像樣幣,并在杭州試鑄少量樣品。南京政府并未直接采用外國樣幣,而是依據委過設計,于民國二十一年(1932年)發行了少量孫像帆船銀幣,正面為孫中山側面像,背面為帆船放洋圖,船首前方放射一束日光,天幕上有三只飛鳥。寓意“國運”、“一帆風順”、“旭日東升”。
This "Twenty-three Years of the Republic of China" coin is called "Twenty-three Years of the Republic of China Sun Yat-sen Like Sailing One Dollar Silver Coin", which is one of the rare varieties in the silver coin collection. The predecessor of this coin should be the "Three Birds Coin" issued in 1932. At the beginning of 1929, the Ministry of Finance invited foreigners to design new coins. After that, a batch of Sun Yat-sen side decent coins were trial-produced by the minting companies of the United States, Japan, Britain, Italy and Austria according to the same sketch, and a small number of samples were trial-cast in Hangzhou. Instead of adopting foreign sample coins directly, the Nanjing government issued a small amount of silver coins for sailboats like Sun Yat-sen in the 21st year of the Republic of China (1932), with a profile of Sun Yat-sen on the front and a picture of sailboats showing the ocean on the back. A beam of sunlight was radiated in front of the bow, and there were three birds on the awning. Meaning "national movement", "smooth sailing" and "rising sun".
三鳥幣發行后不久,民間流傳:帆船右邊海上旭日東升暗喻日本(因日本國旗即太陽旗),船上三只飛鳥暗喻日本轟炸機,因適值日本侵華,國人反日愛國情緒高漲,三鳥幣被認為有辱國格,是為不祥之兆。后來國民政府為順應民情,緊急收回,不再使用,同時改版設計新圖樣,去掉旭日東升和三鳥圖案,準備再次鑄造發行,但新幣鋼模制成時已是民國二十二年初了,造幣廠于是將幣模正面“二十一年”改為“二十二年”,然后再次發行,這就是今天多見的民國二十二年帆船壹圓銀幣。即我們所說的“船洋”,船洋開始在上海中央造幣廠鑄造。且將設計新穎,正面鑄孫中山頭像,背面雙帆放洋圖的“船洋”定為正式國幣。
Shortly after the issuance of the Three Birds Coin, it was circulated among the people that the rising sun on the right side of the sailboat implied Japan (because the Japanese flag is the sun flag), and the three birds on board implied Japanese bombers. Because it coincided with Japan's invasion of China, the Chinese people's anti-Japanese patriotism was soaring, and the Three Birds Coin was regarded as insulting the national character, which was an ominous sign. Later, in order to comply with the people's feelings, the National Government urgently withdrew it and stopped using it. At the same time, it redesigned the new pattern, removing the rising sun and the three birds pattern, and prepared to cast it again. However, when the SGD steel mold was made, it was already early 22 years of the Republic of China, so the Mint changed the positive "21 years" of the coin mold to "22 years" and then re-issued. This is the common silver coin for sailing in the 22 years of the Republic of China today. That is, what we call "boat ocean", which began to be cast in Shanghai Central Mint. And "Ship Ocean" with novel design, Sun Yat-sen's head cast on the front and ocean drawing on the back is designated as the official national currency.
此幣是民國二十三年上海中央造幣廠所鑄。正面鐫刻孫中山先生側面頭像,上方鐫“中華民國二十三年”,背面鐫雙桅帆船在乘風破浪前進,左右分列“壹圓”幣值。在幣面的設計方面,雙帆幣是凝聚著千百名工藝技師的智慧源泉和美學獨特視角,品相極好,整體造型和諧,圖案設計精美,通過光線的對照及折射,仍滲透出該幣銀質斑駁蒼古的“包漿”,是自然形成的“時間的軌跡”。另此幣因系貴金屬所鑄,制作數量比銅元、紙幣少得多,加上民國時期社會動蕩,存世量稀少,比現發行的郵票、紀念幣少得多,向為錢幣收藏界所看重,是我國人像銀幣中之大名譽品。因此也引得萬千藏家競相收藏,足見其價值地位。 也可以預見,這種帆船銀幣必將成為收藏界的一匹蓄勢待發的黑馬。
This coin was minted by Shanghai Central Mint in 23 years of the Republic of China. The front is engraved with the profile portrait of Dr. Sun Yat-sen, the top is engraved with "Twenty-three Years of the Republic of China", and the back is engraved with the dhow sailing through the wind and waves, and the left and right are divided into "one yuan" currency values. In terms of coin design, Shuangfan Coin is the source of wisdom and unique aesthetic perspective of thousands of technologists. It has excellent appearance, harmonious overall shape and exquisite design. Through the contrast and refraction of light, it still permeates the mottled silver "patina" of the coin, which is a naturally formed "track of time". In addition, because this coin is made of precious metals, its production quantity is much less than that of copper coins and paper money. In addition, the social unrest in the Republic of China made it rare to survive in the world, which is much less than the stamps and commemorative coins issued now. It is valued by the coin collectors and is a famous product like silver coins in China. Therefore, thousands of collectors are competing to collect, which shows their value status. It can also be predicted that this sailboat silver coin will surely become a dark horse in the collection field.
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