人們對銀錠并不陌生，古代影視文學作品中總有白花花的銀子存在，但銀錠收藏在很長一段時間內卻屬冷門，但隨著藝術品市場的發展收藏的熱度，銀錠越來越重要。銀錠是古代基礎貨幣之一，我國歷史上銀兩的貨幣功能始于漢代之前，隋唐以前稱為“銀餅”，宋金時期稱為“銀錠”，元代稱為“元寶”，明清兩代白銀作為主要貨幣流通，鑄造甚多。今天我們所見的銀錠，以明清兩朝及民國初期留存下來的居多，但由于近代對貴金屬流通市場的控制，民國初年“廢兩改元”的實施，銀錠停止流通，大量被銷熔，目前民間存世量不大，蘊藏著極大的升值潛力。
People are not unfamiliar with silver ingots. There are always white silver in ancient film and television literature works. However, silver ingots collection is not popular for a long time. With the development of art market, silver ingots become more and more important. Silver ingot is one of the basic currencies in ancient times. In the history of China, the monetary function of silver coin began before Han Dynasty. It was called "silver cake" before Sui and Tang Dynasties, called "silver ingot" in song and Jin Dynasties, and "Yuanbao" in Yuan Dynasty. Most of the silver ingots we see today are preserved in the Ming and Qing Dynasties and the early period of the Republic of China. However, due to the control of the precious metal circulation market in modern times and the implementation of "Abolishing the two and replacing the yuan" in the early Republic of China, the silver ingots stopped circulating and were sold in large quantities. At present, there is a small amount of silver ingots among the people, which has great potential for appreciation.
銀錠以“兩”作為單位，合稱“銀兩”。當然這里的“兩”重量并不一定相等，銀的成色也不相同。所以，除了“銀兩”外，還有一個更為文雅更為標準的詞匯“紋銀”，在清代宮廷劇中我們通常能聽到，這是清代對足銀的官方稱呼，是清朝法定銀兩標準成色，繳納錢糧等都以紋銀為標準，相當于現在的“925”千足銀，當然當時的冶煉水平，即便是紋銀，離千足銀還是有些誤差。因而紋銀并非真正的銀兩，而是用于折算各種成色金屬銀的一種記賬貨幣單位，即虛銀兩，也稱“足紋”，各地均有不同的形制和標準。
The silver ingot takes "Liang" as the unit and is collectively called "yinliang". Of course, the "two" weights are not necessarily equal, and the quality of silver is not the same. Therefore, in addition to "silver", there is a more elegant and standard word "Wen Yin". We can usually hear it in the court drama of the Qing Dynasty. This is the official name of Zuyin in Qing Dynasty. It is the standard of silver standard in Qing Dynasty. The standard of paying money and grain is silver tattooed, which is equivalent to the present "925" thousand foot silver. Of course, the smelting level at that time, even if it was tattooed silver, was far from enough Silver still has some errors. Therefore, the tattooed silver is not the real silver, but a kind of accounting monetary unit used to convert various kinds of finely colored metallic silver, i.e. virtual silver, also known as "foot pattern". There are different shapes and standards in different places.
不管是明代的官銀元寶，還是清代的紋銀，都是作為一種對照，用以評定不同成色和重量的碎銀和銀兩。所以明清兩代由官府鑄造足量并成色十足的銀錠又稱砝碼錠，或稱共議十足銀，后來一些商會組織憑信譽鑒定并打有標記的銀錠也稱砝碼銀，多數每錠重十兩，成色能夠達到98%至99%。形制古代對銀錠的冶煉和熔鑄十分寬容，使得形形色色的官錠之外，又有汪洋恣肆的民間私銀出現，其價值則不在官私之分，而在其體現的史料價值與文化蘊意。
Whether it is the official silver Yuan Bao of Ming dynasty or the tattooed silver of Qing Dynasty, they are used as a kind of contrast to evaluate the different quality and weight of broken silver and silver. Therefore, in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the government made enough silver ingots with full quality, also known as weight ingots, or total silver ingots. Later, some chambers of Commerce organized silver ingots with marks based on their reputation. Most of the silver ingots weighed 10 Liang per ingot, and the fineness could reach 98% to 99%. In ancient times, the smelting and casting of silver ingots was very tolerant. Besides the various official ingots, there were numerous private silver. Its value was not in the distinction between official and private, but in its historical value and cultural implication.
因為歷代政府對銀錠鑄造的開放性政策，從明朝開始，銀錠開始出現官鑄和私鑄之分。有些藏友便想當然地進入了“重官錠而輕私銀”的誤區，認為官錠由政府統一鑄造，成色有保證，銘文清晰規整，是以收藏價值高；而私銀為私人鑄造，成色雜亂無章，銘文或簡或繁不易鑒別，是以收藏價值低。這有些過于主觀臆想，其實縱觀銀錠鑄造史，私鑄銀錠最初雖然沒有貨幣的職能，只是私營票號或商家儲存和運輸白銀的一種方式，但后來卻發揮了比官錠更大的流通作用。
Since the Ming Dynasty, there were two kinds of silver ingots: Official casting and private casting. Some Tibetans take it for granted that the official ingots are cast by the government with guaranteed quality and clear and regular inscriptions, which are of high collection value; while private silver is privately cast, with disordered quality and inscriptions that are difficult to identify, they are of low collection value. This is too subjective. In fact, throughout the history of silver ingot casting, although private silver ingot had no monetary function at first, it was only a way of storing and transporting silver by private banks or merchants, but later it played a greater role in circulation than official ingots.
這是因為私銀大多是在公估銀的基礎上鑄造，成色并非沒有保證，反而比官錠鑄造嚴格有過之而無不及。這是因為當時商家多“信義”保證，而官錠多用于漕運、賦稅、軍費開支，與民眾生活關系不大。私銀只要適應當時的流通環境和民間習俗，在保證質量的前提下銀錠造形無規定，特別是從清代開始，銀錠的器形更加多樣，各省各地各有千秋，異曲同工。牌坊錠表現比較突出，因其外形類似牌坊，又因其銀成色足，可以信賴，故有此名。
This is because most of the private silver is cast on the basis of the assessable silver. The quality of the private silver is not without guarantee. On the contrary, it is more strict than the official ingot casting. This is because at that time, the merchants were more "faithful" and the official ingots were mostly used for water transportation, taxes and military expenses, which had little to do with people's lives. As long as the private banks adapted to the circulation environment and folk customs at that time, there were no regulations on the shape of silver ingots under the premise of ensuring the quality. Especially since the Qing Dynasty, the shapes of silver ingots were more diverse, and different provinces and regions had their own advantages, and the similarities and differences were the same. The performance of Paifang ingot is quite outstanding. It has the name because it is similar to the arch in appearance and reliable in silver quality.
所以，無論是官錠還是私銀，也無論是賞鑒價值還是其投資價值，都不能以官私一概而論。一定要看銀錠附帶的歷史價值，只有了解了銀錠的歷史背景、賦稅、票號、貨幣流通等相關知識，并結合銘文中來源、產地、爐名、重量等要素，不難對銀錠做出初步的賞鑒和投資分析。
Therefore, whether it is official ingot or private bank, whether it is appreciation value or investment value, it can not be regarded as official and private. We must see the historical value attached to the silver ingot. Only by understanding the historical background, taxation, bill number, currency circulation and other related knowledge of silver ingot, combined with the source, origin, furnace name, weight and other elements in the inscription, it is not difficult to make a preliminary appreciation and investment analysis on the silver ingot.
銘文，是指鑄造銀錠時鑄造和鏨刻在銀錠上的文字，內容大體是銀錠鑄造的時間、地點、用途、成色、官員或工匠姓名等。這些銘文中不僅承載經濟流通的重任，更蘊含著豐富的史料價值。比如，唐代的銀錠中，沒有出現過檢驗成色的“行人”之類的職位，直到宋金時期的銘文才出現。南宋銀錠多有“京銷鋌銀”和“出門稅”等字樣，金代則為“鹽判”、“店戶”、“使司”等字樣。 辨偽。
Inscriptions refer to the words cast and engraved on the silver ingots when casting silver ingots. The contents generally include the time, place, use, color, name of officials or craftsmen, etc. These inscriptions not only bear the heavy responsibility of economic circulation, but also contain rich historical data value. For example, in the silver ingots of the Tang Dynasty, there was no such position as "pedestrian" to examine the quality, until the inscriptions of song and Jin Dynasties appeared. In the Southern Song Dynasty, silver ingots were mostly marked with the words "Jing Pin Yin" and "exit tax", while in the Jin Dynasty, they were "Yanbian", "Dianhu" and "Xiangsi". Distinguish the false.
此件大清嘉慶年間豬槽型銀錠，宛如一條船，水波紋理，流動如韻，扣之銀音清脆，悠遠綿長。表面此銀錠密度系數較高，槽內刻有銘文，工整俊秀有力。此銀錠色澤呈正，包漿醇厚，神韻俱佳，品相完整，鑄造精細，是一件非常不錯的官銀。對研究清代關稅、地丁稅制度，以及銀錠的鑄造、使用和流通提供了重要的實物證明,擁有很大的收藏價值及投資價值。
This pig trough silver ingot in the Jiaqing period of Qing Dynasty is like a boat. The water wave texture, flow like rhyme, and the silver sound is crisp and long. On the surface, the density coefficient of the silver ingot is high, and there are inscriptions in the groove, which are neat, beautiful and powerful. This silver ingot has positive color, mellow coating, good charm, complete appearance and fine casting. It is a very good official silver. It provides important physical evidence for the study of the customs and land tax system in Qing Dynasty, as well as the casting, use and circulation of silver ingots. It has great collection value and investment value.
此件藏品現在展賣于藝品在線商城平臺中，據持寶人介紹說，這件銀錠是祖上傳下來的。曾讓專家老師鑒定過，絕世精品。在本公司得知其有這件罕見珍品，特邀其持這件銀錠參加，現持寶人因資金周轉困難原因。忍痛割愛愿將此件銀錠委托本公司代其通過網絡媒體進行尋找買家。如對此藏品有興趣收藏者，可撥打企業聯系電話：400 686 3616進行洽談。
The collection is now on sale in the art online mall platform. According to the treasure holder, the silver ingot was handed down by the ancestors. It has been appraised by experts and teachers, and it is a masterpiece. The company learned that he had this rare treasure, and invited him to take part in the silver ingot. Now the holder of the treasure has difficulty in capital turnover. We are willing to entrust this silver ingot to our company to find a buyer through network media on its behalf. If you are interested in this collection, you can call the enterprise contact number: 400 686 3616 for discussion.
