小時候聽老人講凡是神仙居住的地方都會有一對金童玉女銅像,例如玉皇大帝、王母娘娘等殿中常有金童玉女像相伴,早唐徐彥伯《幸白鹿觀應制》一詩:“金童擎紫藥,玉女獻青蓮。”后大量出現在宋元以來的戲劇中,成為神仙戲的重要角色。
When I was a child, I heard that the old man would have a pair of bronze statues of golden couple where the gods lived. For example, the Jade Emperor, the Queen Mother and other temples were often accompanied by golden couple statues. In the early Tang Dynasty, Xu Yanbo's poem "Fortunately, the White Deer View should be made": "Golden Boy Qing Zi Medicine, Jade Girl offers Qinglian." Later, it appeared in a large number of dramas since Song and Yuan Dynasties and became an important role in fairy dramas.
傳說在天庭中,有一對童男童女,被仙界稱作金童和玉女,金童聰明正直,玉女溫柔善良,二人隨侍在玉帝的身邊,玉帝有個嗜好,他非常喜歡雪白安靜的冰天雪地,于是便把人間變成了銀裝素裹的冰雪世界,弄的民間百姓無法生活,苦不堪言。 當時在天界有個規矩,就是神仙每到了自己的誕辰日便可以下凡間,農歷的正月十五正是金童的誕辰,金童趕上這一天來到了凡間,由于不忍看到百姓受的饑寒之苦,便幫助他們將冰雪融化,將種子下田。
Legend has it that there is a pair of virgins in heaven, called Golden Boy and Jade Girl by Fairy World. Golden Boy is smart and upright, and Jade Girl is gentle and kind. They are accompanying the Jade Emperor. The Jade Emperor has a hobby. He likes snow and white very much, so he turns the world into a world of ice and snow wrapped in silver, which makes the folk people unable to live and suffer. At that time, there was a rule in heaven, that is, the gods could go down to the earth every time they reached their birthday. The fifteenth day of the first lunar month was the golden boy's birthday. The golden boy caught up with this day and came to the earth. Because he couldn't bear to see the people suffering from hunger and cold, he helped them melt the ice and snow and put the seeds into the fields.
時間過了不久,玉帝發現民間的冰雪竟然完全消失了,當得知是金童從中搗鬼之后不禁雷霆大怒,命令天兵天將于第二年的正月十五這天放火燒了民間,這個消息被玉女知道了,于是她趁著自己誕辰日下凡之際,將這個消息告知了金童和百姓,眾人在一起想盡了一切辦法,最后準備在正月十五這一天家家戶戶大街小巷都點起燈籠,燃起火把,放起爆竹,讓天界以為民間自己燃燒了起來,到了這一天,當玉帝看到民間一片火光沖天的景象時,以為是民間自己燒了起來,于是便命令天兵天將停止放火,就這樣,民間被保住了,而金童和玉女也從此留在了民間。
Soon after, the Jade Emperor discovered that the folk ice and snow had completely disappeared. When he learned that it was the golden boy who was playing tricks on it, he was furious and ordered the heavenly soldiers to set fire to the folk on the fifteenth day of the first month of the second year. The news was known to the Jade Girl, so she took advantage of her birthday to tell the golden boy and the people the news. They tried every means together and finally prepared to light lanterns in every street on the fifteenth day of the first month. Torches were lit and firecrackers were set up, which made heaven think that the folk burned up. On this day, when the Jade Emperor saw a flaming scene of the folk, he thought that the folk burned up, so he ordered the heavenly soldiers to stop setting fire. In this way, the folk was saved, and the golden boy and the jade girl stayed in the folk from now on.
玉女幫助金童造福人界,金童聰明正直,玉女美麗善良,往往成雙出現,也被看作神仙眷侶的象征。因此在道教神像中金童玉女也是吉祥富貴的象征。
Jade girls help golden boys to benefit the human world. Golden boys are smart and honest, and jade girls are beautiful and kind, and often appear in pairs, which is also regarded as a symbol of immortal couples. Therefore, golden couple is also a symbol of good fortune in Taoist statues.
雕塑文化是指以立體視覺藝術為載體的造型文化。雕塑是許多造型藝術中的一種。又稱雕刻,是雕、刻、塑三種創制方法的總稱。通常是人們用各種可塑材料,創造出具有一定空間的可視、可觸的藝術形象,借以反映社會生活、表達藝術家的審美感受、審美情感、審美理想的藝術。
Sculpture culture refers to the modeling culture with stereo vision art as the carrier. Sculpture is one of many plastic arts. Also known as carving, it is the general name of carving, carving and molding. Usually, people use various plastic materials to create visual and tactile artistic images with certain space, so as to reflect social life and express artists' aesthetic feelings, feelings and ideals.
中國雕塑,在吸收外來藝術語言的同時,始終與中國社會的現實、歷史變革緊密聯系在一起,蘊含濃郁的時代氣息,彰顯鮮明的中國氣派。隨著文化繁榮,雕塑的藝術價值和文化地位更加凸顯。中國雕塑同其他藝術門類一樣異彩紛呈,展現一派勃然生機,也呈現新的發展趨勢與特點。
Chinese sculpture, while absorbing foreign artistic language, has always been closely linked with the reality and historical changes of Chinese society, which contains a strong flavor of the times and highlights the distinctive Chinese style. With the prosperity of culture, the artistic value and cultural status of sculpture become more prominent. Chinese sculpture, like other art categories, is colorful, showing vitality and showing new development trends and characteristics.
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