琺瑯彩瓷器是清代康熙、雍正、乾隆三朝極為名貴的宮廷御用瓷器，從誕生、發展到漸漸衰落，只有百余年的時間，為清代宮廷壟斷，專供皇帝、妃嬪玩賞和宗教、祭祀的供器之用，其制作風格和畫意也是完全秉承統治者的旨意，其中不乏皇帝本人的親自指點，屬于專供皇帝和皇后玩賞的藝術珍品。
Enamel porcelain is an extremely valuable imperial porcelain of Kangxi, Yongzheng and Qianlong Dynasties in Qing Dynasty. It has been monopolized by the Qing court for only over a hundred years from its birth, development and gradual decline. It is used exclusively for the emperor and concubines to enjoy and for the donors of religion and sacrifice. Its production style and painting are also completely adhering to the will of the rulers, among which there is no lack of personal advice from the emperor, and it is an art treasure exclusively for the emperor and queen to enjoy.
康熙時期，琺瑯彩初創，琺瑯彩料來自西洋，俗稱洋色，所制瓷器大多為盤、碗、杯、壺等小件器物，且多為色地，即在素胎上以紅、黃、藍、綠等色釉作地，然后彩繪花卉圖案。琺瑯彩瓷器在雍正時(1723——1735)完全脫離了銅胎畫的窠臼，在裝飾藝術上更具有中國化。在燒造與施彩上達到琺瑯彩的極盛階段。胎體采用景德鎮新燒成的優質細白瓷，輕薄細潤。裝飾藝術上日趨中國化，中國傳統的寓意吉祥的紋飾多見。技術上精益求精，色彩品種豐富并富于變化。畫法多樣，使琺瑯彩的制作在雍正朝達到了極盛。
During Kangxi period, enamel color was newly created, and enamel color materials came from western countries, commonly known as foreign colors. Most of the porcelain made were small objects such as plates, bowls, cups and pots, and most of them were colored, that is, red, yellow, blue and green glaze was used as the ground on the plain tire, and then flower patterns were painted. Enamel porcelain completely broke away from the pattern of bronze tire painting in Yongzheng (1723-1735), and became more Chinese in decorative arts. Achieve the peak stage of enamel color in firing and color application. The matrix is made of fine white porcelain of high quality newly fired in Jingdezhen, which is light, thin and moist. Decorative arts are becoming more and more Chinese, and Chinese traditional patterns with auspicious meanings are more common. Technical excellence, rich and varied colors. With various painting methods, the production of enamel color reached its peak in Yongzheng Dynasty.
琺瑯彩瓷發展到乾隆時代，又進入了一個輝煌時期。乾隆皇帝儒雅好古，對于康熙、雍正時期遺留宮內的琺瑯彩瓷更視為珍寶。除承前制繼續在宮中燒制外，并為每件器物配制楠木匣缽，專門儲藏于乾清宮琺瑯彩瓷的專庫內。檔案記載：乾隆六年正月初八日，太監于丙森來說:“太監高玉等交瓷胎琺瑯紅地錦上添花茶碗一對，黃地錦上添花五寸碟一對。傳旨:著配匣入乾清宮琺瑯器庫內，欽此。”乾隆還詔令翰林院的翰林們為這批珍寶整理編日。
Enamel porcelain developed into Qianlong era and entered a brilliant period. Emperor Qianlong was elegant and ancient, and he regarded the enamel porcelain left over from Kangxi and Yongzheng as a treasure. In addition to the pre-production system, we continue to burn in the palace, and prepare nanmu saggers for each utensil, which are specially stored in the special library of enamel porcelain in the dry Qing Palace. According to the archives, on the eighth day of the first month of Qianlong's sixth year, Yu Bingsen, the eunuch, said, "Eunuch Gao Yu, etc., added a pair of tea bowls to the enamel red ground and a pair of five-inch dishes to the yellow ground. Message: enter the enamel ware library of Ganqing Palace with a matching box, and admire this. " Qianlong also ordered the Hanlins of the Hanlin Academy to arrange and date this batch of treasures.
乾隆時期琺瑯彩瓷在數量上遠遠超過了康熙、雍正兩朝，器型更加豐富，僅瓶類就有蒜頭瓶、雙連瓶、葫蘆瓶、雙耳瓶、棒槌瓶等多種造型、茶壺、酒盅、方盒、蓋碗、圓盤，碗、碟類器皿數盆也明顯增多。以此款黃地琺瑯彩龍紋碗為例，其造型端莊，制作工藝精良。碗內外滿施黃釉為地，釉色純正，賞心悅目，品格不俗。通體琺瑯彩繪龍紋，龍具五趾，身軀矯健，靈動活現，頗具氣勢。海浪紋為最底層鋪墊，浪花騰轉，波濤洶涌。其上龍紋間穿插云紋、火焰紋，口沿一圈飾如意云頭紋。此器工藝絕妙，線條流暢，氣勢磅礴，刻工細膩，技法高超。
In Qianlong period, the number of enamel porcelain far surpassed that of Kangxi and Yongzheng Dynasties, and the types of porcelain were more abundant. Bottles only included garlic bottles, double-connected bottles, gourd bottles, binaural bottles, croquet bottles and other shapes. Teapots, small handleless wine cups, square boxes, covered bowls, disks, and bowls and plates were also obviously increased. Take this yellow enamel dragon bowl as an example, which is dignified in shape and sophisticated in production technology. The inside and outside of the bowl are covered with yellow glaze, which is pure in glaze color, pleasing to the eye and good in character. The whole body is painted with dragon pattern with enamel and five toes. The body is vigorous, vivid and vigorous. The wave pattern paves the way for the bottom layer, and the waves are rolling and choppy. Cloud patterns and flame patterns are interspersed among dragon patterns, and a circle along the mouth is decorated with wishful cloud patterns. The craft is wonderful, the lines are smooth, the momentum is magnificent, the engraving is exquisite, and the technique is superb.
低溫黃釉瓷器創燒于明洪武時期景德鎮官窯，其后歷代多有燒造。因其常以澆釉法施釉，故有“澆黃”之稱，而顏色嬌嫩者，又有“嬌黃”之美譽。“黃”與“皇”諧音，故此釉色之黃象征皇權之尊貴，因此，黃釉瓷器僅限于御用。尤其是里外黃色的御用瓷只供帝王本人使用，而外黃里白則是供皇后或皇太后使用的專用瓷。以此類推：蘭、紫、綠等色分供貴妃、嬪妃、妃、答應等后宮妃子們所用。足見此器應為乾隆年間宮廷造辦處御制的佳作。
Low-temperature yellow glazed porcelain was first burned in Jingdezhen official kiln in Hongwu period of Ming Dynasty, and was mostly burned in successive dynasties. Because it is often glazed by pouring glaze, it is called "pouring yellow", while those with delicate color have the reputation of "charming yellow". "Yellow" is homophonic with "Emperor", so yellow glaze symbolizes the dignity of imperial power. Therefore, yellow glaze porcelain is limited to imperial use. Especially, the yellow imperial porcelain inside and outside is only for the emperor himself, while the yellow inside and white outside is the special porcelain for the queen or empress dowager. By analogy, blue, purple and green are used by imperial concubines, concubines, concubines and concubines. It shows that this device should be a masterpiece made by the court office during Qianlong period.
縱觀近二十年的中國古代藝術品拍賣市場，瓷器價格節節攀升，屢創新高，而琺瑯彩瓷器在我們的陶瓷發展史上占有其重要的席位，由于其高貴出身，燒制工藝復雜，所以數量稀少，流傳到民間的數量更為有限，在拍賣市場，就會出現很高的拍賣價格問世，很多藏家也都以擁有一件琺瑯彩瓷為榮。
Looking at the auction market of ancient Chinese art in the past twenty years, the price of porcelain has been rising and hitting record highs. Enamel porcelain occupies an important position in the history of ceramic development. Because of its noble origin and complicated firing process, the number is scarce, and the number spread to the people is more limited. In the auction market, there will be a high auction price, and many collectors are proud of owning an enamel porcelain.
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