第一套人民幣于1948年12月1日中國人民銀行成立的同時開始發(fā)行，在1955年5月10日停止流通。第一套人民幣既是戰(zhàn)時貨幣，又是新中國成立初期經(jīng)濟恢復時期的貨幣，它首先服務于中國人民解放戰(zhàn)爭，“一切為了戰(zhàn)爭的勝利”，解放軍打到哪里，人民幣就跟進到哪里。人民幣的發(fā)行保證了解放戰(zhàn)爭勝利進軍的需要，促進了經(jīng)濟的恢復與發(fā)展，最終成為統(tǒng)一的全國貨幣，成為全國唯一的合法貨幣，結束了國民黨統(tǒng)治下幾十年的幣制混亂歷史。
The first set of RMB was issued on December 1, 1948 when the People's Bank of China was founded, and stopped circulating on May 10, 1955. The first set of RMB is not only a wartime currency, but also a currency during the economic recovery period in the early days of the founding of New China. It first serves the Chinese people's liberation war, "everything is for the victory of the war", and wherever the PLA goes, the RMB will follow up. The issuance of RMB ensured the need of the successful March of the Liberation War, promoted the economic recovery and development, and finally became a unified national currency and the only legal currency in the country, ending the chaotic history of currency system under the Kuomintang rule for decades.
1948年，隨著人民解放戰(zhàn)爭的順利進行，分散的各解放區(qū)迅速連成一片，為適應形勢的發(fā)展，亟需一種統(tǒng)一的貨幣替代原來種類龐雜、折算不便的各解放區(qū)貨幣。為此，1948年12月1日，在河北石家莊成立中國人民銀行，同日開始發(fā)行統(tǒng)一的人民幣。當時華北人民政府主席董必武同志為該套人民幣題寫了中國人民銀行行名。
In 1948, with the smooth progress of the People's Liberation War, the scattered liberated areas quickly became one. In order to adapt to the development of the situation, a unified currency was urgently needed to replace the currencies of the liberated areas which were complicated and inconvenient to convert. Therefore, on December 1, 1948, the People's Bank of China was established in Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, and the unified RMB was issued on the same day. At that time, Comrade Dong Biwu, Chairman of the North China People's Government, wrote the name of the People's Bank of China for this set of RMB.
在設計上，第一套人民幣統(tǒng)一了版式，掃除了原有其他貨幣的半殖民地色彩，票面上取消了英文，不再采用行長的簽字，而采用印章，正面所印的年號用“中華民國三十七年”，背面使用公元紀年1948。在圖樣題材上，選擇工業(yè)、農業(yè)、商業(yè)、紡織、交通、運輸、工廠和礦山等當時經(jīng)濟建設和新社會人們生活的圖案，體現(xiàn)了第一套人民幣的真實歷史意義、地位及作用，生動展現(xiàn)出我國解放事業(yè)及建國初期人們的政治、生活、文化、社會百態(tài)，使人們領略到在共產(chǎn)黨的領導下，全國各族人民齊心協(xié)力、艱苦奮斗、自力更生建設新中國、新社會的如火如荼的激情歲月。
In design, the first set of RMB unified the layout, swept away the semi-colonial color of other currencies, canceled English on the face, no longer adopted the signature of the president, and adopted the seal, with the year number printed on the front as "Thirty-seven years of the Republic of China" and the back as AD 1948. On the theme of patterns, the patterns of economic construction and people's life in the new society at that time, such as industry, agriculture, commerce, textiles, transportation, factories and mines, were selected, which reflected the true historical significance, status and role of the first set of RMB, vividly demonstrated the political, life, culture and social conditions of people in China's liberation cause and the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China, and made people appreciate that under the leadership of the Communist Party, people of all ethnic groups in China worked together, worked hard and built a new society by themselves.
1949年1月北京解放，中國人民銀行總行遷往北京。全國解放后，各地區(qū)的中國人民銀行相繼成立。1951年底除開西藏和臺灣外，全國范圍內貨幣已經(jīng)統(tǒng)一，人民幣成為我國唯一的合法貨幣。而后1955年國家實行幣制改革，發(fā)行了第二套人民幣，又限期將第一套人民幣兌換交回國庫銷毀，從1948年發(fā)行到1955年停止流通使用，這7年的時間內，第一套人民幣發(fā)行了十二種面額的人民幣。包括一元、五元、十元、二十元、五十元、一百元、兩百元、五百元、一千元、五千元、一萬元、五萬元。第一套人民幣是中國錢幣歷史上的開山鼻祖，它不僅是個藏品，更像是一個歷史文物，見證了中國歷史的發(fā)展。它的收藏價值以及藝術價值，都被來自世界各國的收藏家以及投資者所認可。
In January 1949, Beijing was liberated and the head office of the People's Bank of China moved to Beijing. After the national liberation, the People's Bank of China was established in various regions. By the end of 1951, except Tibet and Taiwan, the currencies in the whole country had been unified, and RMB became the only legal currency in China. Then, in 1955, the country implemented the monetary system reform, issued the second set of RMB, and returned the first set of RMB to the state treasury for destruction within a time limit. From 1948 to 1955, it stopped circulating and used. During these seven years, the first set of RMB was issued with twelve denominations. Including one yuan, five yuan, ten yuan, twenty yuan, fifty yuan, one hundred yuan, two hundred yuan, five hundred yuan, one thousand yuan, five thousand yuan, ten thousand yuan and fifty thousand yuan. The first set of RMB is the pioneer in the history of Chinese coins. It is not only a collection, but also a historical relic, which witnessed the development of Chinese history. Its collection value and artistic value are recognized by collectors and investors from all over the world.
第一套人民幣停止使用時間已長達半個世紀之久，其間又經(jīng)歷了多次政治運動、經(jīng)濟改革，因此收藏者留存下來的不多，能將之集全者實屬鳳毛麟角，其觀賞、紀念、珍藏、投資價值與日俱增，受到知名拍賣行和文物收藏家的特別青睞，特別是其中壹萬圓的“牧馬圖”、伍仟圓的“蒙古包”、伍佰圓的“瞻德城”和壹萬圓的“駱駝隊”被認為是收藏難度達到五星級以上的絕世品種，因此被譽為“絕品四珍”，現(xiàn)在單張全品的都百萬難求，極為珍稀。
The first set of RMB has been out of use for half a century, during which it has experienced many political movements and economic reforms. Therefore, there are not many collectors left behind, and those who can collect all of them are rare. Their ornamental, commemorative, treasured and investment values are increasing day by day, and they are especially favored by well-known auction houses and cultural relics collectors, especially the "Mumatu" of 10,000 yuan, the "yurt" of 5,000 yuan and the "yurt" of 5,000 yuan
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