定窯為宋代五大名窯之一，窯址在今河北省曲陽澗滋村及東西燕村，在宋代屬定州，故名。定窯是我國宋金時代北方生產規模最大、影響最廣、貢御時間最長的瓷窯場，是中國古代白瓷生產中最具代表性的一個杰出的窯場。北宋時期，定窯取代了曾在唐代盛極一時的邢窯白瓷的地位，一躍成為”天下第一”的名牌產品，因為定窯器物的精細特征迎合了宋代士大夫階層的審美情趣，注定成為當時士大夫們所關注和青睞的瓷器。許多被進獻到宮廷、官府，供皇帝貴族使用。
Ding Kiln is one of the five famous kilns in Song Dynasty. The kilns are located in Jianzi Village and Dongxiyan Village in Quyang, Hebei Province, and belong to Dingzhou in Song Dynasty, hence its name. Ding Kiln is the porcelain kiln with the largest production scale, the most extensive influence and the longest tribute time in the Song and Jin Dynasties in China, and it is the most representative and outstanding kiln in the production of white porcelain in ancient China. In the Northern Song Dynasty, Ding Kiln replaced Xing Kiln's white porcelain, which once flourished in Tang Dynasty, and became "the first in the world", because the fine features of Ding Kiln's utensils catered to the aesthetic taste of the scholar-bureaucrat class in Song Dynasty, and was destined to become the porcelain that scholars paid attention to and favored at that time. Many were offered to the court and government for the use of emperors and nobles.
宋代定瓷胎薄質細，釉色瑩潤。造型豐富，既有生活實用品，又不乏佛教用品。裝飾技法成熟，刻花、劃花、印花精美。除白瓷外，還兼燒黑釉、醬釉、綠釉等珍稀顏色釉瓷。定瓷以其成熟的工藝和美輪美奐的品質位列北宋五大名窯。
In Song Dynasty, the fixed porcelain tire was thin and fine, and the glaze color was bright and moist. Rich in shapes, there are both practical products and buddhist supplies. Mature decorative techniques, exquisite carving, drawing and printing. Besides white porcelain, it also burns rare colored glazed porcelain such as black glaze, sauce glaze and green glaze. Ding porcelain ranks among the five famous kilns in Northern Song Dynasty for its mature technology and beautiful quality.
定窯創燒于唐，極盛于北宋及金，終于元。其在唐代時就已是著名瓷場，專燒白釉、黃釉瓷，宋代時大量燒制白瓷，其次有黑釉、醬釉、綠釉等品種，文獻分別稱其為“黑定”、“紫定”和“綠定”。白瓷胎土細膩，胎質薄而有光，釉色純白滋潤，上有淚痕，釉為白玻璃質釉，略帶粉質，因此稱為粉定，亦稱白定。其它瓷器胎質粗而釉色偏黃俗稱土定;紫色者為紫定;黑色如漆的為黑定，傳世極少。定窯生產規模宏大，品種繁多。多為碗、盤、瓶、碟、盒和枕，亦產凈瓶和海螺等佛前供器，但數量極少，主要是作為貢品進入宮廷。
Ding Kiln was burned in Tang Dynasty, flourished in Northern Song Dynasty and Jin Dynasty, and finally in Yuan Dynasty. It was a famous porcelain factory in Tang Dynasty, specializing in firing white glaze and yellow glaze porcelain, and firing white porcelain in Song Dynasty, followed by black glaze, sauce glaze, green glaze and other varieties, which were called "Heiding", "Ziding" and "Lvding" respectively in the literature. White porcelain has delicate soil, thin and shiny body, pure white and moist glaze with tears on it. The glaze is white vitreous glaze, which is slightly silty, so it is called Fending, also known as Baiding. Other porcelains with thick fetal quality and yellowish glaze color are commonly known as earthen; Purple is purple; Black as lacquer is black, which is rarely handed down from ancient times. Dingyao has a large scale of production and various varieties. Most of them are bowls, plates, bottles, dishes, boxes and pillows, and they also produce pre-Buddha supplies such as clean bottles and conch, but the quantity is very small, which mainly enter the court as a tribute.
此件定窯刻花梅瓶，小口，短頸，豐肩，肩下漸收斂，圈足外撇，俗稱“梅瓶”。通體施白釉，釉色柔和潔凈，白中閃黃。釉面滋潤，釉下刻花，清晰婉轉，深淺不 一，線條流暢，突顯定窯嫻熟刻花技術。流傳社會被民間珍藏，避免戰亂，玉質感品相一流，保存完整，實屬難得。
This carved plum bottle with small mouth, short neck, rich shoulders, gradually converging under the shoulders, and curled feet outside, which is commonly known as "plum bottle". White glaze is applied throughout the whole body, with soft and clean glaze color and yellow in white. The glazed surface is moist, the underglaze engraving is clear and indirect, with different shades and smooth lines, which highlights the skillful engraving technology of Ding Kiln. It's rare for the spread society to be treasured by the folk, to avoid war, and for the jade texture to be first-class and well preserved.
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