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從頭而論,“攢”在《說文解字》中釋為“聚也”。顧名思義,“攢盤”是指將數件盤子相攢組合而成,故而其又稱“拼盤”、“全盤”,雖屬“盤”類,但獨具匠心處單在一“攢”字。

From the beginning, "Ju" is interpreted as "Ju Ye" in Shuo Wen Jie Zi. As the name implies, "saving plate" refers to the combination of several plates, so it is also called "platter" and "whole plate". Although it belongs to the category of "plate", its originality lies in the word "saving".

不管是考古發現還是傳世實物,攢盤最早只見有明代萬歷時期的實物。故而業界多認為此時為攢盤的正始。

Whether it is archaeological discovery or handed down from ancient times, there are only objects from Wanli period of Ming Dynasty in the earliest time. Therefore, many people in the industry think that this time is the The Zhengshi era of saving.

此件乾隆粉彩攢盤胎質純凈,釉色明麗,色彩巧妙,搭配自然。整體造型呈方形,由四件規格一致的組件拼合而成。線條筆直,曲線優美,每盤皆繪人物、風景圖畫,件件畫意不同,手法熟練,畫面豐富,意境盡出,美觀典雅。

This Qianlong pastel saving plate has pure fetal quality, bright glaze color, clever color and natural matching. The overall shape is square, which is made up of four components with the same specifications. The lines are straight and the curves are beautiful. Each plate is painted with figures and landscapes, with different painting meanings, skilled techniques, rich pictures, full artistic conception and beautiful elegance.

清中期的攢盤有此盛景,皆因皇帝喜好、百官爭獻之故。比如銅胎畫琺瑯攢盤多以色地裝飾為主,即在黃地、藍地、綠地上繪制圖案和紋樣;器物底部和口沿露出的銅胎線條,又常常鍍金修飾;紋樣題材多寓意吉祥如意、多福多壽。器物整體呈現華麗富貴、精致奢華的風格,但大多為宮廷制作,民間罕有流傳。

In the mid-Qing Dynasty, there was such a magnificent scene in the saving plate, which was due to the emperor's preference and the hundred officials' struggle for sacrifice. For example, the enamel plate of copper tire painting is mainly decorated with color, that is, drawing patterns and patterns on yellow land, blue land and green land; The copper tire lines exposed at the bottom and edge of the utensils are often gold-plated and decorated; Patterns and themes imply good luck, happiness and longevity. The objects are gorgeous, rich, exquisite and luxurious as a whole, but most of them are made by the court and rarely spread among the people.

 

更能體現此時的攢盤竭力精益求精的是,制作上開創了集蓋、攢盤、盤托為一體的配套器具之先河,影響深遠。此法不僅避免了臟物的落入,保證了食物的新鮮,而且設計更人性化。

It can better reflect that the saving plate strives for perfection at this time, and it is the first of its kind to set cover, saving plate and supporting plate, which has far-reaching influence. This method not only avoids the falling of dirt and ensures the freshness of food, but also makes the design more humane.

 

正因攢盤的普世之用,多在江西景德鎮和廣州制作的陶瓷攢盤便也針對不同的使用群體而少精多粗。少精者,如不見制作昂貴的銅胎畫琺瑯,而開始流行紫砂胎畫琺瑯或施釉的攢盤;多粗者,如胎質不細偶泛鐵點,釉面也會有桔皮現象,造型不規矩周正,直線不直、倒角有變形等;甚至為省工節時,此時的陶瓷攢盤大多無底足或底部這一平面不施釉。

Because of the universal use of saving plates, ceramic saving plates made in Jingdezhen and Guangzhou, Jiangxi Province, are less refined and thicker for different users. Those who are less refined, such as not making expensive copper tire painting enamel, began to popularize purple sand tire painting enamel or glazed plates; Those who are thick, such as the fetal quality is not fine and even iron spots, the glaze will also have orange peel phenomenon, the shape is irregular and geometric, the straight line is not straight, and the chamfer is deformed; Even to save labor and time, most of the ceramic plates at this time have no bottom or the bottom plane is not glazed.

攢盤之妙巧可人就在于若干體量均等、形制規整、各自獨立卻又相互勾連的小盤攢聚組合,再在盤中盛上各色瓜果、小菜和點心,瓜果五顏六色、菜蔬葷素穿插、點心酥軟搭配,形狀上塊、片、丁、絲互補,味道上酸、甜、咸、辣皆宜,該是一道多么賞心悅目、怡心怡口的精雅小宴呢!更為可貴者,收納方便又巧于展示,一掃其他器皿各自為營、見多則顯狼藉的尷尬。

The beauty of saving dishes lies in the combination of several small dishes which are equal in size, regular in shape, independent but linked with each other, and then they are filled with various melons and fruits, small dishes and snacks. The fruits and fruits are colorful, the vegetables and meat are interspersed with each other, the snacks are soft and matched, the shapes are complementary to each other, and the tastes are sour, sweet, salty and spicy. What a feast for the eyes and heart What is more valuable is that it is convenient to store and skillful to display. When you sweep away other utensils, it will be embarrassing if you see more.

 

雖然攢盤的使用如今并不多見,但已見復興的端倪——新春佳節,各家盛放各類干果的盤盒已多見攢盤之雛形。而這正是因為攢盤不斷蛻變的組件、形制、色彩、紋飾、材質,讓攢盤玲瓏秀氣亦不少氣量,精工細巧亦不乏實用。

Although the use of saving plates is rare nowadays, there are signs of revival-during the Spring Festival, the embryonic form of saving plates has been seen in various boxes containing various dried fruits. This is precisely because of the ever-changing components, shapes, colors, ornamentation and materials of the storage plate, which makes the storage plate exquisite and delicate, as well as exquisite and practical.

 

有著四五百年歷史積淀的攢盤,是中國古人生活態度、民俗情趣的寄托,亦是中國傳統造物文化、人文思想、審美能力的承載。

With a history of four or five hundred years, it is the sustenance of ancient Chinese people's life attitude and folk taste, as well as the bearing of Chinese traditional creation culture, humanistic thought and aesthetic ability.

 

 

 

 

 

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