哥釉器，亦名碎釉瓷，始于宋代，是宋代五大名窯之一，但宋代哥釉傳世極少。哥釉瓷有一個重要的特征是釉面開片，這是瓷器釉面的一種自然開裂現象。明代時期，景德鎮成功燒制哥釉器。從永宣至成化，哥釉瓷已經達到了盡善盡美的程度，尤以成化仿哥釉瓷瓶、斗笠碗、爐等為主流，釉層瑩潤，光澤內斂，也成功燒出了金鉤鐵線。目前，成化仿哥釉瓷已經難覓蹤影。明晚期至清乾隆，哥釉瓷再一次達到頂峰。其細碎的紋片，肥厚的釉層成為當時瓷器爭相效仿的寵兒。哥釉青花龍紋是在玉質般的哥釉上面描繪鮮艷、明亮的青花，使古典的青花與皇室龍紋相得益彰，互為襯托，極為美觀。哥釉器青花紋飾一經推出，一時成為備受追捧的“香餑餑”。晚明至清代的哥釉青花被景德鎮大窯、名窯紛紛仿制。在眾多窯址中，一些為官燒制的青花瓷為與民間款以示不同，題“官”字以示區別，字體采用宋代常見的款識，也有些用淺刻紋，因此普遍出現小器大開片、大器小開片的哥釉瓷現象。
Ge Glaze ware, also known as broken glazed porcelain, started in Song Dynasty and is one of the five famous kilns in Song Dynasty, but Ge Glaze in Song Dynasty is rarely handed down. An important feature of Ge glaze porcelain is the opening of glaze, which is a natural cracking phenomenon of porcelain glaze. During the Ming Dynasty, Jingdezhen successfully fired Ge glaze ware. From Yongxuan to Chenghua, Ge glaze porcelain has reached perfection, especially Chenghua imitation Ge glaze porcelain bottle, hat bowl, furnace, etc. are the mainstream. The glaze layer is bright and moist, the luster is restrained, and the golden hook iron wire has been successfully burned. At present, Chenghua imitation Ge glaze porcelain is hard to find. From the late Ming Dynasty to Qingganlong, Ge glaze porcelain reached its peak again. Its fine grain and thick glaze layer became the favorite of porcelain at that time. Brother glaze blue-and-white dragon pattern depicts bright blue-and-white on jade-like brother glaze, which makes classical blue-and-white and royal dragon pattern bring out the best in each other and set off each other. Once the blue-and-white ornamentation of Ge Glaze ware was launched, it became a sought-after "hot cake". From the late Ming Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty, the blue and white glaze of his brother was copied by Jingdezhen big kilns and famous kilns. Among many kiln sites, some blue-and-white porcelain fired for the official is different from folk ones, and the word "official" is used to show the difference. The fonts are common in Song Dynasty, and some are shallow engraved. Therefore, the phenomenon of glaze porcelain with small pieces and big pieces is common.
傳說古時，浙江龍泉青瓷世家有兄弟二人燒窯，哥哥的燒窯技術比弟弟高明，招致了弟弟的嫉恨。為破壞哥哥聲譽，弟弟偷偷在哥哥配好的釉料中添加了許多草木灰，想讓他燒出壞的瓷品。被蒙在鼓里的哥哥照常燒窯，燒好后開窯一看，滿窯瓷器釉面全部裂開了，但裂得很奇特，有的像冰裂紋，有的像魚仔紋，還有的像蟹爪紋。哥哥看到這些，傻眼了，萬般無奈之下，他只得硬著頭皮將這批瓷器拿到市場上準備低價處理掉。誰料，人們卻對這種帶有裂紋的瓷器產生了極大興趣，一搶而空。從此，哥窯瓷器名揚天下。
It is said that in ancient times, Zhejiang Longquan celadon aristocratic family had two brothers who fired kilns. The elder brother's kiln burning skills were better than his younger brother's, which caused his younger brother's jealousy. In order to damage his brother's reputation, the younger brother secretly added a lot of plant ash to his glaze to make him burn out the broken porcelain. His brother, who was kept in the dark, fired the kiln as usual. When he opened the kiln, he found that all the glaze of the porcelain was cracked, but the cracks were very strange. Some were like ice cracks, some were like fish baby patterns, and some were like crab claw patterns. Brother saw these, silly, helpless, he had to brave the head to take this batch of porcelain to the market, ready to dispose of it at a low price. Unexpectedly, people had a great interest in this kind of porcelain with cracks, and they rushed out. From then on, Ge kiln porcelain became famous all over the world.
哥窯瓷器的造型莊重、古樸典雅，釉色淡雅自然，尤以獨特神奇的紋片裝飾而著稱。這是發生在釉面上的一種自然開裂現象，原本是瓷器燒制中的缺陷，卻被匠人加以利用，從而產生了一種獨特的美感，以至倍受推崇，后朝歷代均有仿制。許多瓷器在燒制過程中，為了追求工藝一般都不允許有太多的釉面的開裂紋片，但哥窯卻將“開片”的美發揮到了極致，產生了“金絲鐵線”這一哥窯的典型特征：由于開片大小不同，深淺層次不同，胎體露出的部位因氧化或受污染程度也不盡相同，致使開片紋路呈色不一。哥窯瓷器釉面大開片紋路呈鐵黑色，稱“鐵線”，小開片紋路呈金黃色，稱“金絲”。“金絲鐵線”使平靜的釉面產生韻律美。
Ge kiln porcelain is solemn, simple and elegant, and its glaze color is light and natural. It is famous for its unique and magical decorative patterns. This is a natural cracking phenomenon on the glaze. It was originally a defect in porcelain firing, but it was used by craftsmen, which produced a unique aesthetic feeling and was highly praised. It was imitated in the later dynasties. Many porcelain in the process of firing, in order to pursue the process, generally do not allow too many cracks in the glaze, but Ge kiln has the beauty of "open piece" to the extreme, resulting in "gold wire" which is a typical feature of Ge kiln: due to the different size and depth of the slice, the exposed parts of the carcass are not the same due to oxidation or pollution, resulting in the split lines Different colors. Ge kiln porcelain glaze large slice grain is iron black, known as "iron wire", small pieces of grain is golden yellow, known as "gold wire". "Gold wire" makes the smooth glaze produce rhythmic beauty.
此件清代中期哥釉開片大碗，此碗韻味十足，造型古拙，修口，弧腹，圓足。制器有度，典雅秀美，其胎骨緊致細膩，釉質瑩潤自然，且繪工嫻熟，線條流暢，穩重，通體施仿哥釉，釉水極為肥厚，釉色古樸典雅，自然開金絲鐵線紋片，大小交織，深淺相間，相互輝映，天然成趣，典型“金絲鐵線”。藏品從制作工藝、胎質、包括上釉、都十分講究，也更為完美。因其存世數量極少而難得，故此件開片大碗從其歷史價值、科學價值、藝術價值上講，均具有相當高的收藏價值。
This large bowl of Ge glaze in the middle of Qing Dynasty is full of charm. It has a simple and unsophisticated shape. It has a curved belly and round feet. It is made in a proper way, elegant and beautiful. Its fetal bone is tight and delicate, the glaze is smooth and natural, and the painting is skillful. The lines are smooth and steady. The glaze is full of imitation Ge glaze. The glaze is very thick. The glaze color is simple and elegant. It is naturally made of gold wire and iron wire. The size is interwoven and the depth is alternating. It reflects each other. It is natural and interesting. It is a typical "gold wire". Collection from the production process, quality, including glaze, are very exquisite, but also more perfect. Because of its rare quantity, this large open bowl has a high collection value in terms of its historical value, scientific value and artistic value.
中國陶瓷經過千百年來的發展，到了“清三代”，瓷器燒制技術已經相當成熟，匠師們發揮智慧，精工巧制，很多精品更是彰顯出了其他朝代少有的那種高雅和富貴，使瓷器具有了極高的藝術價值。清三代的瓷器與前朝相比，材質，選料更加精細，畫工更加精細柔美，釉色鮮明，技術也更加精湛。所以，清三代的許多瓷器精品在擁有歷史價值，文化價值的同時，具有很高的藝術價值。
After thousands of years' development, Chinese ceramics reached the "Three Dynasties of Qing Dynasty". The firing technology of porcelain was quite mature, and the craftsmen used their wisdom and skillful workmanship. Many fine products showed the elegance and wealth that were rare in other dynasties, which made porcelain have extremely high artistic value. Compared with the previous dynasties, the porcelain of the Qing Dynasty was more refined in materials and materials, more delicate and feminine in painters, bright in glaze color and more exquisite in technology. Therefore, many fine porcelain products of the Qing Dynasty have high artistic value as well as historical value and cultural value.
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