宣德?tīng)t，為明朝宣德年間創(chuàng)制的焚香之爐，通常用于陵墓、寺廟及權(quán)勢(shì)之家燒香，拜佛、祭祖神。
Xuande furnace is a kind of incense burner created in Xuande period of Ming Dynasty. It is usually used in mausoleums, temples and power houses to burn incense, worship Buddha and ancestor gods.
明朝300年間，制作了不可勝數(shù)的器物，可稱(chēng)上乘之作。宣德?tīng)t作為其中的一種，可謂前無(wú)所師法，后無(wú)能為繼，不愧為天地間一精美絕倫的古董，是我國(guó)古代工匠智慧和藝術(shù)的結(jié)晶。
During the 300 years of the Ming Dynasty, countless artifacts were made, which can be called excellent works. Xuande furnace, as one of them, can be described as having nothing to learn from before, but unable to succeed later. It is worthy of being an exquisite antique between heaven and earth. It is the crystallization of ancient craftsman's wisdom and art.
宣德?tīng)t的基本形制是敞口、方唇或圓唇，頸矮而細(xì)，扁鼓腹，三鈍錐形實(shí)足或分襠空足，口沿上置橋形耳或了形耳或獸形耳，銘文年款多于爐外底，與宣德瓷器款近似。
The basic shape of Xuande furnace is open mouth, square lip or round lip, short and thin neck, flat drum belly, three blunt cone-shaped solid feet or split crotch empty feet, with bridge shaped ears or shaped ears or animal shaped ears on the edge of the mouth. The inscriptions are more than the outer bottom of the furnace, similar to Xuande porcelain.
宣德?tīng)t的特色:一是原料多，除銅之外，還有金、銀等貴重材料加入，所以爐質(zhì)特別細(xì)膩，呈暗紫色或黑褐色。二是煉次繁，一般爐料要經(jīng)四煉，而宣德?tīng)t要經(jīng)十二煉，因此爐質(zhì)會(huì)更加純細(xì)，如嬰兒膚。流傳歷史
Xuande furnace features: first, there are many raw materials, in addition to copper, there are gold, silver and other valuable materials added, so the furnace quality is particularly delicate, dark purple or dark brown. Second, refining is secondary. Generally, the furnace burden should be refined four times, while Xuande furnace should be refined 12 times. Therefore, the furnace quality will be more pure and fine, such as baby skin. Spread history
宣德皇帝在位時(shí)，傳說(shuō)宮內(nèi)的佛殿失火，金銀、銅像都混成液體。又傳說(shuō)是佛典起火，金銀珠寶與銅都燒結(jié)在一起，于是宣德皇帝命令將其鑄成銅爐。宣德皇帝詢(xún)問(wèn)鑄工說(shuō)，銅煉幾次才能精純?鑄工回答說(shuō)用六火煉銅，就會(huì)現(xiàn)出珠寶的光彩。于是宣德皇帝命令煉十二火，把銅做成條。再用赤火熔化銅條，置于鋼鐵制成的篩格上，把先滴下的最精純的選取出來(lái)制成爐，把仍存于篩格上的取出來(lái)制成其他的器物。
During the reign of emperor Xuande, it is said that the Buddha Hall in the palace caught fire and the gold, silver and bronze statues were mixed into liquid. It is also said that the Buddhist Scripture was on fire, and gold, silver, jewelry and copper were all sintered together, so emperor Xuande ordered it to be cast into a copper furnace. Emperor Xuande asked the caster how many times can copper be refined? The caster replied that if you smelt copper with six heats, you will show the luster of jewelry. So emperor Xuande ordered twelve fires to be made into bars. Then the copper bar is melted in red fire and placed on the screen grid made of iron and steel. The purest one dropped first is selected and made into furnace, and the remaining one is taken out to make other utensils.
宣德?tīng)t在宣德中期模仿宋代的燒斑，掩蓋了爐的本質(zhì)，就用一種外國(guó)產(chǎn)的鹵液浸潤(rùn)、擦拭、薰洗，把色彩變?yōu)橄灢?。到了宣德末期，則更加顯示它自然色澤，著色更淡。后人評(píng)論說(shuō)，宣德?tīng)t有五等色:栗殼、茄皮、棠梨、褐色，而以佛經(jīng)紙的色澤為第一。鎏金的爐腹下鑄成祥云涌起的樣子，鎏金的爐口下部為祥云翻覆的樣子。至于雞皮色，則是著火氣長(zhǎng)了才出現(xiàn)的。
In the middle period of Xuande, Xuande stove imitated the burning spot of Song Dynasty, which covered up the essence of the furnace. It soaked, wiped and smoked with a kind of foreign bittern to change the color into wax tea. At the end of Xuande, it showed more natural color and lighter coloring. Later generations commented that Xuande furnace has five colors: chestnut shell, eggplant skin, Tang pear and brown, and the color of Buddhist Scripture paper is the first. Under the gilded hearth, auspicious clouds are cast, and the lower part of the furnace mouth is the appearance of Xiangyun overturning. As for the color of chicken skin, it appears only after a long period of anger.
此件宣德?tīng)t底款為“大明宣德年制”款，屬明代宣德?tīng)t，爐身造型端莊秀麗，包漿自然，造型古樸。爐身選料考究，自古宣德?tīng)t為風(fēng)磨銅，經(jīng)反復(fù)提煉，后添加金，銀，錫，等貴重金屬材料，造就宣德?tīng)t之不凡身價(jià)，后因火災(zāi)使銅爐數(shù)量遞減。該爐保存完好，具有超高的收藏價(jià)值，歷史價(jià)值和藝術(shù)價(jià)值。
The bottom of this Xuande furnace is made in Xuande year of Ming Dynasty. It belongs to Xuande furnace of Ming Dynasty. The furnace body is dignified and beautiful, with natural slurry coating and simple shape. Since ancient times, Xuande furnace was made of wind mill copper. After repeated refining, precious heavy metal materials such as gold, silver, tin and so on were added, which made Xuande furnace of extraordinary value. Later, the number of copper furnaces decreased due to fire. The furnace is well preserved and has high collection value, historical value and artistic value.
此件藏品現(xiàn)在展賣(mài)于古玩行商城平臺(tái)中，據(jù)持寶人介紹說(shuō)，這件宣德?tīng)t是祖上傳下來(lái)的。曾讓專(zhuān)家老師鑒定過(guò)，絕世精品。在本公司得知其有這件罕見(jiàn)珍品，特邀其持這件宣德?tīng)t參加，現(xiàn)持寶人因資金周轉(zhuǎn)困難原因。忍痛割?lèi)?ài)愿將此件宣德?tīng)t委托本公司代其通過(guò)網(wǎng)絡(luò)媒體進(jìn)行尋找買(mǎi)家。如對(duì)此藏品有興趣收藏者，可撥打企業(yè)聯(lián)系電話：400 686 3616進(jìn)行洽談。
The collection is now on sale on the platform of the antique shop. According to the treasure holder, this Xuande stove was handed down by the ancestors. It has been appraised by experts and teachers, and it is a masterpiece. We learned that he had this rare treasure and invited him to take part in it. Now the holder of the treasure has difficulty in capital turnover. We are willing to entrust our company to find the buyer through network media. If you are interested in this collection, you can call the enterprise contact number: 400 686 3616 for discussion.
