對茶葉末釉的稱贊,最廣為流傳的,是清末寂園叟《陶雅》中的這段文辭:“茶葉末黃雜綠色。嬌嬈而不俗。艷於花。美如玉。笵為瓶。最養目。”
何為茶葉末釉?比較科學化的說法是:一種失透的鐵、鎂質結晶釉??茖W的描述,于欣賞總是無甚助益。對茶葉末釉的考證與分類,對欣賞者而言,也并沒有什么特別的意義。簡單的說,茶葉末的的產生,根據考古的明證,已推溯至唐代。唐時耀州窯,燒制了大量的茶葉末釉,上佳者,近于清代官窯。唐之后,雖然茶葉末釉并未銷聲匿跡。但似乎已淪為一種副產品,甚至是殘次品,是一種工藝上的失敗。這種失敗一直延續,直到清代,搖身一變,成為宮庭秘釉,僅供皇室珍賞。
茶葉末釉產生于雍正時期,早在唐代耀州窯及遼金的磁州窯也有類似的釉色。但是,到雍正時,唐英把它和景德鎮瓷器的白瓷胎結合到一起,發明了這種釉色。當初唐英定的名稱叫廠官釉。茶葉末是《陶雅》一書中記錄古玩商人的叫法。好的茶葉末釉很值錢,主要藏于北京的故宮博物院中。從傳世實物看,以雍正、乾隆時期的產品為多,并以乾隆時的燒制最為成功。茶葉末釉中綠者稱茶,黃者稱末。雍正時是有茶無末,乾隆時則茶末兼有。釉色偏綠者居多,有的上掛古銅銹色。因具有青銅器的沉著色調,常被用來仿古銅器,所以又叫“古銅彩”。
雍正茶葉末釉精品大器物古穆沉雄。小器物細纖文秀,輪廓線條不能增減,釉色之美更是滋潤、鮮明、活潑,如萬點金星隱于釉中。這些都是后世難以仿制和企及的。
The most widely circulated compliment for the glaze of tea powder is the passage in the "Tao Ya" by Ji Yuanman in the late Qing Dynasty: "The tea powder is yellow and green. It is delicate but not vulgar. It is as beautiful as a flower. Beautiful as jade. The 笵 is Bottle. The most eye-catching."
What is tea powder glaze? A more scientific argument is: a devitrified iron and magnesia crystalline glaze. Scientific descriptions are not always helpful for appreciation. The textual research and classification of tea powder glaze does not have any special significance to the viewer. To put it simply, the production of tea powder has been traced back to the Tang Dynasty based on evidence from archaeology. In the Tang Dynasty, Yaozhou kilns fired a large amount of tea powder glaze, the best ones are close to the official kilns of the Qing Dynasty. After the Tang Dynasty, although the tea powder glaze did not disappear. But it seems that it has become a by-product, or even a defective product, which is a technological failure. This failure continued until the Qing Dynasty, when it was transformed into a palace secret glaze, which was only treasured by the royal family.
The tea powder glaze was produced during the Yongzheng period. As early as the Tang Dynasty Yaozhou kiln and the Liaojin Cizhou kiln also had similar glaze colors. However, in Yongzheng, Tang Ying combined it with the white porcelain body of Jingdezhen porcelain and invented this glaze. The name of Tang Yingding was Changguan Glaze. Tea powder is the name used by antique dealers in the book "Tao Ya". Good tea powder glaze is very valuable and is mainly hidden in the Palace Museum in Beijing. Judging from the handed down objects, most of them were produced during the Yongzheng and Qianlong periods, and the firing during the Qianlong period was the most successful. The green in the glaze of the tea powder is called tea, and the yellow is called the end. During the Yongzheng period, there was tea without end, and during the Qianlong period, there was both. Most of the glazes are greenish, and some are decorated with bronze rust. Because of the calm tone of bronze ware, it is often used to antique bronze ware, so it is also called "bronze color".
Yongzheng tea powder glaze exquisite large utensils ancient Mu Shenxiong. The small objects are delicate and elegant, and the outline and lines cannot be increased or decreased. The beauty of the glaze color is moist, vivid and lively, such as the ten thousand-point gold star hidden in the glaze. These are difficult to imitate and match for later generations.