"邛窯"中國最古老的民窯之一，是中國彩繪瓷的發源地。其價值堪比三星堆、金沙遺址，被列入國家大遺址重點保護。它始創于東晉，成熟于南朝，盛于唐，是跨越八個多世紀的中國古代陶瓷名窯。然而，這種陶瓷在古籍中沒有任何記載，很長一段時間不為人所知。直到20世紀30年代，歷經劫難的邛窯再度聞名于世，改寫了中國陶瓷史。對此，中科院院士、中國高校“科技考古系”創始人朱清時先生曾評價：“邛窯和邛瓷，真是沉睡上千年，一醒驚天下!”名家們談論邛窯，往往聚焦于它的無鉛高溫釉上和釉下彩多彩裝飾，美其名曰“邛三彩”。而很長一段時間里，人們普遍認為湖南長沙銅官窯是中國釉下彩的發源地，也是中國唐朝彩瓷的故鄉。而邛窯的發現，改寫了這一歷史。早在隋代，邛窯就發明了高溫釉下褐、綠、黑三彩彩繪瓷，這比長沙銅官窯要早近百年。專家因此認為，邛窯才是中國彩繪瓷的發源地。著名古陶瓷鑒定專家耿寶昌認為，邛窯高溫釉下彩工藝傳播江南諸名窯，長沙銅官窯受其影響最深，因而兩窯產品頗為相似，堪稱“姐妹窯。”朱清時稱，“邛窯藝術和科技，是我國隋唐陶瓷文化的又一高峰。”相比于馳名中外的唐三彩，邛窯的邛三彩有其獨具的特色：高溫、無鉛、釉下彩。高端的邛三彩也曾作為貢瓷，為宮廷和上層社會廣泛使用。1993年在邛崍市邛窯唐代民居建筑遺址出土過一件五代時期的蓮花紋盤印模，背面刻著“乾德六年二月上旬造官樣，楊全記用”十五字環讀銘文。印模的出土，說明邛窯曾在五代時期為皇室燒制貢瓷。此外，成都五代時期王建墓出土的隨葬瓷器中，邛窯產品占有相當比例。可以看出，“邛三彩”曾是本土瓷器的高端產品，主要供古代宮廷、上流社會等使用。“邛窯是中國彩繪瓷發源地，理應獲得應有的地位。”尚崇偉說，長久以來邛窯被人們忽視遺忘，為邛窯陶瓷正名成了他的心愿。他四處收集藏品，并想盡辦聯系權威古陶瓷專家和學者，展示邛窯陶瓷的魅力，讓被埋沒的邛窯逐漸引起關注。2000年，在桂林召開的一場學術研討會 上，尚崇偉展示的30多件邛窯標本器物，得到了與會的北大考古系教授秦大樹等學者的高度認可。2001年，在朱清時倡導下，國內一流專家學者云集邛窯進行研究，最終17位專家寫成了近5O萬字的《邛窯古陶瓷研究》，改寫了中國古陶瓷史。“和金沙遺址、三星堆遺址一樣，邛窯被列入國家大遺址重點保護項目，但是普通四川人對它的了解不如前兩者，因此邛窯的文化傳播任重道遠。
"Qiong Kiln" is one of the oldest folk kilns in China and is the birthplace of Chinese painted porcelain. Its value is comparable to the Sanxingdui and Jinsha sites, and it is included in the national key site protection. It was founded in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, matured in the Southern Dynasty, and flourished in the Tang Dynasty. It is a famous ancient Chinese ceramic kiln spanning more than eight centuries. However, this ceramic has no record in ancient books, and it has not been known for a long time. It wasn't until the 1930s that Qiong Kiln, which experienced disasters, became famous again, rewriting the history of Chinese ceramics. In this regard, Mr. Zhu Qingshi, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the founder of the "Technology and Archaeology Department" of Chinese colleges and universities, once commented: "Qiong Kiln and Qiong Porcelain really slept for thousands of years and wake up to the world!" Famous scholars talk about Qiong Kiln, often focusing on its lack of The high-temperature glaze on the lead and under-glaze decoration is colorful, which is called "Qiong Sancai". For a long time, it was generally believed that the copper official kiln in Changsha, Hunan was the birthplace of underglaze in China and the hometown of colored porcelain in the Tang Dynasty in China. The discovery of Qiong Kiln has rewritten this history. As early as the Sui Dynasty, Qiong kilns invented high-temperature underglaze brown, green and black colored porcelain, which is nearly a hundred years earlier than the Changsha Tongguan kiln. Experts therefore believe that Qiong Kiln is the birthplace of Chinese painted porcelain. Geng Baochang, a famous expert in ancient ceramics appraisal, believes that the high-temperature underglaze process of Qiong kilns spreads to many famous kilns in southern Jiangxi. The Changsha Tongguan kiln is most affected by it. Therefore, the products of the two kilns are quite similar and can be called "sister kilns." Kiln art and technology are another peak of the ceramic culture of the Sui and Tang dynasties in China. Compared with the well-known Chinese and foreign Tang Sancai, Qiong Sancai of Qiong kiln has its own unique characteristics: high temperature, lead-free, and underglaze color. The high-end Qiong Sancai was also used as tribute porcelain and was widely used by the court and the upper class. In 1993, a five-generation lotus pattern disc was unearthed at the Qiongyao Tang Dynasty residential building site in Qionglai City. The inscription on the back is engraved with the fifteen-character ring reading "Made in the Early February of the 6th Year of Qiande by Yang Quanji". The unearthed impression shows that Qiong Kiln had fired tribute porcelain for the royal family during the Five Dynasties. In addition, Qiong kiln products accounted for a considerable proportion of the burial porcelain unearthed in the tomb of Wang Jian during the Five Dynasties in Chengdu. It can be seen that "Qiong Sancai" was once a high-end product of local porcelain, which was mainly used by ancient courts and high society. "Qiong Kiln is the birthplace of Chinese painted porcelain and deserves the status it deserves." Shang Chongwei said that Qiong Kiln has been neglected and forgotten by people for a long time, and it has become his wish to name Qiong Kiln ceramics. He collected collections everywhere, and wanted to contact authoritative ancient ceramic experts and scholars to show the charm of Qiong kiln ceramics and make the buried Qiong kiln gradually attract attention. In an academic seminar held in Guilin in 2000, more than 30 Qiong kiln specimens displayed by Shang Chongwei were highly recognized by scholars including Qin Dashu, a professor of Peking University's Archaeology Department. In 2001, under the advocacy of Zhu Qingshi, domestic first-class experts and scholars gathered in Qiong Kiln to conduct research. Finally, 17 experts wrote nearly 50 million words of "Qing Kiln Ancient Ceramics Research", rewriting the history of ancient Chinese ceramics. "Like Jinsha Ruins and Sanxingdui Ruins, Qiong Kiln was included in the National Key Site Protection Project, but ordinary Sichuan people don't understand it as well as the first two, so the cultural spread of Qiong Kiln has a long way to go." Shang Chongwei said that at present Qiong The Yaoda Ruins Park is still under construction, and the Qiongyao Ancient Ceramics Museum is also in the park. After the museum opens, these nearly ten thousand pieces will be exhibited, giving people a glimpse of Qiong Kiln ceramics.
