中國古代錢幣歷史悠久，源遠(yuǎn)流長，品種紛繁，多姿多彩，是中華民族傳統(tǒng)文化的瑰寶。幾千年來中國的貨幣文化，凝聚著中華民族的智慧與才華，創(chuàng)造出自成系統(tǒng)、光彩奪目、獨(dú)具特色的東方貨幣文化。
Ancient Chinese coins have a long history, a long history, a variety of varieties, colorful, is the treasure of traditional Chinese culture. For thousands of years, China's currency culture has condensed the wisdom and talent of the Chinese nation and created a systematic, dazzling and unique Oriental currency culture.
中國古代錢幣萌芽于夏代，起源于殷商，發(fā)展于東周，統(tǒng)一于秦代。在形成和經(jīng)過了不斷的演變中，貨幣的制作技術(shù)得到了更好的發(fā)展，古錢幣的形態(tài)也基本固定。近幾年錢幣再度受到人們的關(guān)注，人們不僅能夠?qū)W習(xí)到中國頗具特色的錢幣之學(xué)，還能了解中華上下五千年的朝代變更。
Ancient Chinese coins originated in Xia Dynasty, Shang Dynasty, Eastern Zhou Dynasty and Qin Dynasty. In the process of formation and evolution, the production technology of money has been better developed, and the form of ancient money is basically fixed. In recent years, people pay more and more attention to coins. People can not only learn the Chinese characteristic coins, but also understand the five thousand years of dynasty changes in China.
中國是世界上最早使用貨幣的國家之一，在中國的漢字中，凡與價值有關(guān)的字，大都有“貝”。由此可見，貝是我國最早的貨幣。
China is one of the first countries in the world to use currency. In Chinese characters, most of the characters related to value are "Bei". It can be seen that Bei is the earliest currency in China.
一化：
先秦四大貨幣體系之一的圓錢，是一種圓形圓孔的錢幣，它起源于古代的紡輪或玉璧。由于其制造簡單，攜帶方便，較之刀布類貨幣有更大的優(yōu)越性，故而被戰(zhàn)國時社會經(jīng)濟(jì)較為發(fā)達(dá)的魏國首先采用，發(fā)展到后來，地處邊陲的強(qiáng)秦又把這種圓錢逐步演變成圓形方孔的形制，這在當(dāng)時是貨幣變革的一大進(jìn)步。到了戰(zhàn)國末期，北方的燕國大約是在燕昭王以后受案國方孔錢實(shí)用性的影響，而仿其形制鑄造了“一化”、“明化”等方孔錢，這些錢的出現(xiàn)，表明了金屬鑄幣開始進(jìn)入并接受方孔錢這種形式先進(jìn)的時期。
Oneness:
Yuan Qian, one of the four major monetary systems in the Pre-Qin Dynasty, is a kind of round hole coin, which originated from the ancient spinning wheel or jade Bi. Because of its simple manufacture and convenient carrying, it has more advantages than knife cloth currency. Therefore, it was first adopted by Wei state, which was more developed in social economy during the Warring States period. Later, qiangqin, which was located in the border area, gradually changed this kind of round money into the shape of round square holes, which was a great progress in currency reform at that time. By the end of the Warring States period, the northern state of Yan was influenced by the practicality of the square hole coins of the case state after the king of Yan Zhaowang, and imitated its form to cast square hole coins such as "Yihua" and "Minghua". The appearance of these coins indicated that the metal coins began to enter and accept the first time of square hole coins.
秦半兩：
秦始皇統(tǒng)一全國后，將秦國的幣制推行于全國，以黃金為上幣，單位為鎰，即二十兩，以銅錢為下幣，即"半兩"錢。黃金之所以為上幣，是限于大數(shù)目的支付，如帝王的賞賜。而日常的民間交易，則用"半兩"錢，秦代"半兩"錢的出現(xiàn)，標(biāo)志著中國金屬貨幣進(jìn)入一個新的時期，即重量名稱和貨幣名稱統(tǒng)一的記重貨幣。
Qin banliang:
After the first emperor of Qin unified the whole country, he carried out the currency system of the state of Qin throughout the country, taking gold as the upper currency, the unit of which was Li, that is, twenty Liang, and copper money as the lower currency, that is, half Liang. The reason why gold is used as currency is that it is limited to a large number of payments, such as the emperor's reward. However, the emergence of "half Liang" money in the Qin Dynasty marks a new era of Chinese metal currency, that is, the heavy currency with the same name of weight and currency.
漢代五銖錢:
漢王朝建立以后，于武帝元狩五年(公元前118年)開始鑄五銖錢。一直到隋滅唐興，五銖錢才消亡。五銖錢是中國歷史上使用得最久、最成功的一種錢幣。就其重量來說，五銖錢是標(biāo)準(zhǔn)貨幣，即使在唐武德四年宣布停止五銖的使用后，新錢的重量仍以五銖為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。
Five baht coins in Han Dynasty:
After the establishment of the Han Dynasty, wuzhu coins were cast in the fifth year of Yuanshou (118 BC). It was not until the end of the Sui Dynasty and the rise of the Tang Dynasty that the five baht money died out. Five baht coin is the longest used and most successful coin in Chinese history. As far as its weight is concerned, the five baht coin is the standard currency. Even after Tang Wude announced to stop the use of the five baht coin in four years, the weight of the new coin is still based on the five baht coin.
唐代開元通寶:
《舊唐書·食貨志》記載:"(唐)高祖即位，仍用隋之五銖錢。武德四年(621)七月，廢五銖錢，行開元通寶錢，徑八分，重二銖四絫，積十文重一兩，一千文重六斤四兩。""錢"從此成為重量單位，十錢一兩的進(jìn)位制由此誕生了。"開元"通寶常讓我們望文生義，認(rèn)為唐玄宗開元年間鑄造，其實(shí)"開元"的意思是"開創(chuàng)新紀(jì)元"的意思;"通寶"是"在國內(nèi)通行寶貨"的意思。開元通寶錢的問世，結(jié)束了自西漢以來延續(xù)七百余年以重量五銖命名鑄幣的傳統(tǒng)，開創(chuàng)了通寶、元寶錢體系，自唐朝起，錢幣就不再以重量為名稱了，而改稱"寶"，或通寶、或元寶、或重寶、或其他什么寶。自武德四年鑄行開元通寶錢起，至1916年"洪憲通寶"止，通寶、元寶錢體系沿用了近一千三百年，其生命力之長久，在世界貨幣史上罕見。
Tang Dynasty Kaiyuan Tongbao:
According to the book of the old Tang Dynasty, the history of food and goods, "when Emperor Gaozu ascended the throne, he still used the five baht money of Sui Dynasty. In July of the fourth year of Wude's reign (621), Wu Zhu Qian was abolished and Yuan Tongbao Qian was issued, which was eight Fen in diameter, two baht and four Fen in weight, ten Wen and one or two thousand Wen and six Jin and four Liang in weight. "Money" has become a unit of weight since then, and the carry system of "ten money one or two" has been born. "Kaiyuan" Tongbao often let us live up to its original meaning. It is believed that the meaning of "Kaiyuan" is "Kaiyuan era of innovation", and "Tongbao" is "treasure in China". The invention of Kaiyuan Tongbao coin ended the tradition of naming coins with five baht in weight for more than 700 years since the Western Han Dynasty, and created the Tongbao and Yuanbao coin system. Since the Tang Dynasty, coins no longer took the name of weight, but changed to "Bao", or Tongbao, or Yuanbao, or chongbao, or other treasures. From the founding of Kaiyuan Tongbao coin in the fourth year of Wude to the "Hongxian Tongbao" in 1916, Tongbao and Yuanbao coin systems have been in use for nearly 1300 years. Their long-term vitality is rare in the history of world currency.
宋代錢幣：
宋朝是中國古代歷史上經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化教育與科學(xué)創(chuàng)新高度繁榮的時代，錢幣的鑄造也是受到很大的重視和發(fā)展。宋代古錢是中國古錢發(fā)展最好一個時期，他也是中國一個朝代年號錢最多的，鑄幣文字與書法藝術(shù)相輝映，從北宋到南宋時期跨越時間大，錢幣版別最復(fù)雜，是研究錢幣版別和品種的最好資料
Coins of Song Dynasty:
Song Dynasty is an era of high prosperity of economy, culture, education and scientific innovation in ancient Chinese history, and the casting of coins is also highly valued and developed. Ancient money in Song Dynasty is the best period for the development of ancient money in China. It also has the most number of money in a dynasty. The coinage characters and calligraphy art reflect each other. From the Northern Song Dynasty to the Southern Song Dynasty, the time span is large, and the currency version is the most complex. It is the best material for studying the currency version and variety
元朝錢幣：
元朝是以行鈔為主，相傳元世祖忽必烈建都上都城后，曾想仿效宋朝以銅錢為主要流通貨幣，但有大臣勸阻道：“銅錢乃華夏陽明政權(quán)之用，我們起于北方草原地區(qū)，屬于幽陰之地，不能和華夏陽明之區(qū)相比，我國適用紙幣。”忽必烈認(rèn)為有理，便決定用紙鈔而不用銅錢了。
Yuan coins:
The Yuan Dynasty was dominated by banknotes. It is said that after the founding of the capital, Kublai Khan, the emperor of the Yuan Dynasty, wanted to follow the example of the Song Dynasty in which copper money was the main currency. However, some ministers dissuaded him: "copper money is the use of the Yangming regime in China. We started in the northern grassland area, which is a secluded place. We can't compare it with the Yangming District in China. Paper money is suitable in China." Kublai Khan thought it was reasonable, so he decided to use paper money instead of copper money.
明代錢幣：
明代初期，明太祖朱元璋于洪武元年（公元1368年）命京城（南京）工部寶源局及各省寶泉局鑄行“洪武通寶”，由工部主管鑄錢，下設(shè)寶源局。朱元璋為避諱元朝的元字，把所鑄之錢錢文一律叫通寶而不叫元寶，而不只是為避諱他自己的名字，以后所鑄之錢也都沒有元寶錢文。洪武通寶錢制沿續(xù)元末朱元璋所鑄“大中通寶”的形制，分為五等，規(guī)定小
Ming coins:
In the early Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang, the founder of the Ming Dynasty, ordered Baoyuan Bureau of the Ministry of industry of the capital (Nanjing) and Baoquan Bureau of all provinces to cast "Hongwu Tongbao" in the first year of Hongwu (1368 AD). The Ministry of industry was in charge of casting money and set up Baoyuan Bureau. In order to avoid the yuan characters of the Yuan Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang called all the money and articles cast as Tongbao instead of Yuanbao, not only to avoid his own name, but also no money and articles cast in the future. The money system of Hongwu Tongbao is based on the shape of "Dazhong Tongbao" cast by Zhu Yuanzhang at the end of the successive Yuan Dynasty, which is divided into five grades, with small regulations
清代錢幣：
清朝貨幣中清代前期京師是全國的金融中心。特點(diǎn)是各地使用的貨幣并不統(tǒng)一，尤其是各省鑄造的銅錢，只在本地流通，因此各省對貨幣調(diào)整的措施具有本地特色，且在同一時期內(nèi)，各地又有不同。
Coins of Qing Dynasty:
The capital was the financial center of the whole country in the early Qing Dynasty. The characteristics are that the currencies used in different regions are not unified, especially the copper coins cast in each province, which are only circulated locally. Therefore, the measures taken by each province to adjust the currency have its own characteristics, and in the same period, different regions have different characteristics.
民國錢幣：
眾所周知，民國時期，是我國承上啟下的一個特殊時期，混亂是在這個的時期
二話題，軍閥割據(jù)、政治不穩(wěn)等使得這個時代文化差異很大。錢幣是統(tǒng)治階梯在經(jīng)濟(jì)領(lǐng)域的重要工具，但是由于民國的特殊性，使得這一時期的錢幣具有不同于其他錢幣的獨(dú)特性。
Coins of the Republic of China:
As we all know, the period of the Republic of China is a special period connecting the preceding and the following. Chaos is the only topic in this period. The separation of warlords and political instability make the cultural differences of this era very big. Money is an important tool of ruling ladder in the economic field, but because of the particularity of the Republic of China, the money in this period is different from other coins.
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