和田玉，"中國四大名玉"之一(其三為陜西藍田玉、遼寧岫玉和河南獨山玉)。傳統狹義范疇特指新疆和田地區出產的玉石，以和田"子料"為代表聞名于世;廣義的和田玉指軟玉(真玉)。和田玉雖然因新疆和田而命名，但其本身不是地域概念，并非特指新疆和田地區出產的玉，而是一類產品的名稱。中國把透閃石成份占98%以上的石頭都命名為和田玉，都在國標范圍內。
Hetian jade, "one of the four famous Chinese jades" (the third is Lantian jade in Shaanxi, Xiuyu in Liaoning and Dushan jade in Henan). The traditional narrow category refers to the jade produced in Hotan area of Xinjiang, which is famous for its "Zicai" and the generalized Hotan jade refers to nephrite (genuine jade). Although Hetian jade is named for Hetian in Xinjiang, it is not a regional concept in itself, not specifically the jade produced in Hetian in Xinjiang, but the name of a class of products. In China, more than 98% of the tremolite stones are named Hetian jade, which are all within the scope of the national standard.
秦始皇統一中國的時候，和田玉因產于昆侖山被稱為"昆山之玉"，以后又因位于"于闐國"境內而被稱為"于闐玉"。直到清光緒九年(1883年)設立和田直隸州時，才被正式命名為"和田玉"。
When the first emperor of Qin unified China, Hetian jade was called "jade of Kunshan" because it was produced in Kunlun Mountain, and later called "Khotan jade" because it was located in the territory of "Khotan state". It was not until the ninth year of Qing Dynasty (1883) that Hetian Zhili Prefecture was established that it was officially named "Hetian jade".
和田玉中的名品，是珍藏于陜西歷史博物館的西漢國寶級文物"皇后之璽"，其質地為新疆和田羊脂玉，是迄今唯一的漢代皇后玉璽，為首批禁止出國(境)展覽文物 。2008年北京奧運會會徽徽寶"中國印"，也是采用新疆和田玉作為材料。
Hetian Yuzhong's famous product is the national treasure level cultural relic of the Western Han Dynasty "empress's seal" which is collected in Shaanxi History Museum. Its texture is Hetian Yangzhi jade of Xinjiang. It is the only empress's seal of the Han Dynasty so far, and it is one of the first batch of cultural relics prohibited to be exhibited abroad. The emblem of the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games is also made of Xinjiang Hetian jade.
此件和田玉（羊脂玉）玉質溫潤滋澤，具有油脂光澤，而且此羊脂玉白菜寓有“遇百財”之意。給人以滋潤柔和之感，有適中的透明度，水頭好，為微透明，琢成的玉件顯得水靈，有生氣，達到無瑕的程度，而且里外一致，是古人所謂的"瑕不掩瑜，瑜不掩瑕"，或"鰓理自外，可以知中"。
This Hetian jade (Yangzhi jade) is warm and lustrous, and has grease luster. Moreover, the Yangzhi jade cabbage implies "meeting all wealth". It gives people a sense of moistening and softness, with moderate transparency, good water head, and slight transparency. The carved jade pieces are watery, lively and flawless. They are the same inside and outside. They are what the ancients called "flaws don't cover up the Yu, and the Yu doesn't cover up the flaws", or "gills are from the outside, you can know".
和田玉另一特點是有璞玉，古人對璞玉非常重視，明代科學家宋應星說:"凡璞藏玉，其外皮曰玉皮，取之為硯托之類，價值無幾，璞中之玉，有縱橫尺余無瑕玷者，古帝王取以為璽，所謂連城之璧，也不易得，其縱橫五六寸無瑕玷者，治以杯，此已當之重寶也，"和田玉璞玉的外皮，按特點可分為色皮、糖皮、石皮三類，色皮是玉的外皮有一層黃褐色或褐色很薄的皮(厚約1毫米)，為氧化所致，從皮色可看出玉的質量，如秋梨子、虎皮子、鹿皮子等，常為上等白玉，糖玉的外皮較厚，如紅糖色，且末玉礦常有此類玉。
Another characteristic of Hetian jade is that there is a kind of jade. The ancients attached great importance to it. Song Yingxing, a scientist in the Ming Dynasty, said, "where the jade is stored, its outer skin is called Jade skin, and it's taken as inkstone support. It's of little value. The jade in the jade is not easy to get. The ancient emperors take it as a seal, and the so-called wall of Liancheng is not easy to get. If it's five or six inches long and flawless, it's an important treasure to govern the cup." The outer skin of Tianyu jade can be divided into three types according to its characteristics: colored skin, sugar skin and stone skin. The colored skin is caused by the oxidation of a layer of yellow brown or brown thin skin (about 1mm thick). From the skin color, we can see the quality of jade, such as autumn pear, tiger skin, deer skin, etc., which are often top-grade white jade. The outer skin of sugar jade is thick, such as brown sugar color, which is often found in Qiemo jade mine.
崇尚和田玉的風氣在清代達到頂峰，尤以乾隆為甚，其命人雕琢的"大禹治水圖玉山"，是中國玉器中用料最多、器型最大、路途最遙遠、耗時最久、費用最高的玉雕工藝品，也是世界上最大的玉雕之一 。乾隆揮斥巨資從距北京萬里之外的新疆采集重達萬斤的巨型玉材，不吝人力、財力歷時三年才將其運至內地，在揚州召集各路能工巧耗時7年終于雕刻完工。"大禹治水圖"玉山，從開采到最后全部完工，歷經十余年，所用的工時和造價，已無精確的資料可據，但粗略估算，至少數十萬人工，耗白銀更是不計其數。
The ethos of advocating Hetian jade reached its peak in the Qing Dynasty, especially in Qianlong. The jade mountain, which was carved by people, is the jade carving handicraft with the most materials, the largest type of jade, the farthest way, the longest time and the highest cost. It is also one of the largest jade carvings in the world. Qianlong spent a lot of money to collect huge jade materials weighing up to ten thousand jin from Xinjiang, ten thousand miles away from Beijing. It took three years to transport them to the mainland, and it took seven years to gather all kinds of craftsmen in Yangzhou to finish carving. Yushan, the "Dayu water control map", has spent more than ten years from mining to the final completion. There is no accurate data for the man hour and cost. However, it is estimated roughly that at least hundreds of thousands of labor and silver are consumed.
羊脂玉是和田玉中。在質地、結構、油潤度及顏色上都達到了頂級的水平，而且這種種品質深受大眾受青睞，因此羊脂玉的價值越來越高。其質地細膩、色白呈凝脂狀光澤，油潤沉穩，不浮不躁，古人形容為“白如截脂”般的感覺。
Yangzhi jade is Hotan Yuzhong. It has reached the top level in texture, structure, lubricity and color, and this kind of quality is favored by the public, so the value of lanolin jade is higher and higher. It has fine texture, white color and coagulating luster. It is smooth and smooth, not floating and impetuous. The ancients described it as "white as fat cutting".
羊脂玉的稀有性，和田玉其原因就是材料稀有，物以稀為貴，市場需求量在不斷增大，而資源是不會再生的，資源越來越少，因此價格自然就會上漲。羊脂玉這種稀有并不是絕無僅有，而是恰如其分的稀有，有人預測，羊脂玉的價格還要漲。所以此件（羊脂玉）極具收藏投資價值！
The reason for the rarity of lanolin jade is that the materials are rare, the materials are rare, the market demand is increasing, and the resources are not renewable, the resources are less and less, so the price will naturally rise. It is predicted that the price of lanolin jade will rise. So this piece (lanolin jade) is of great collection and investment value!
現在很多人的生活已經進入富足，于是開始注重養身，追求人與自然的和諧，一句大家都聽說過的“人養玉，玉養人。”就是此種養生養身文化影響著和田玉收藏的最好詮釋。也有很多商家引經據典找出玉石的中醫功效，當然大家要學會理性去看待這一事情，不好盲從也不好無端指摘。和田玉中的微分子微量元素能養身養性，其實在古醫術之中是有記載的，并非一味的空穴來風，但能肯定的是，和田玉畢竟是矜貴奢侈之物，戴之行事動作言語間不自覺會平緩許多，以免損壞，同時常年盤玉藏玉，本事就是一種自發的修煉身心，克己收心的過程，在這中醫上來說，是很好的養生之道。
Since ancient times, the emperors of China have always had a unique love for jade. Therefore, jade has become a unique collection of the Chinese nation, which is different from other nations. In ancient China, the traditional virtue of gentleman like jade has always been respected. Gentleman culture is a unique culture of ancient China. Both literati and noblemen are proud to call themselves gentlemen. Since they call themselves gentlemen, they naturally regard the king as the king Expensive, so gentleman culture can be said to be an extension of imperial culture. Now many people's life has entered into affluence, so they began to pay attention to self-cultivation, the pursuit of harmony between man and nature It is this kind of health culture that influences the best interpretation of Hetian jade collection. There are also many businessmen who have cited classics to find out the traditional Chinese medicine effect of jade. Of course, we should learn to treat this matter rationally. It's not easy to follow blindly or criticize without reason. In fact, the trace elements in Hotan jade can nourish the body and mind, which is recorded in ancient medicine. It's not an empty story, but it's certain that Hotan jade is after all expensive and luxurious. The actions and words of wearing it will be much more gentle unconsciously to avoid damage. At the same time, it's a process of self-cultivation and self-control, In this aspect of traditional Chinese medicine
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