汝窯是北宋末期的御用瓷器,溫潤典雅的天青釉像是撲捉了雨過天晴剎那間的云光掠影,為宋五大名窯之魁,是中國歷代青瓷的典范,因其燒造年代短,自南宋以來就是收藏界的珍寶。有記錄的傳世汝窯瓷器全世界僅存67件,是官窯系統中傳世最少的一個品種,臺北故宮也僅有21件。大維德收藏了12件(最為普遍的說法是7件),包括了乾隆御題汝窯碗、刻花魚紋洗、葵口盞托、三足奩式爐、水仙盆、淺碟、瓶等各種器型,無論從數量上還是質量上看僅次于臺北故宮的汝窯收藏。
Ru Kiln is a royal porcelain in the late Northern Song Dynasty. Its warm and elegant azure glaze is like catching a glimpse of the clouds in a flash after a storm. It is the chief of the five famous kilns in the Song Dynasty and a model of celadon in the Chinese calendar. Because of its short firing period, it has been a treasure in the collection circle since the Southern Song Dynasty. There are only 67 pieces of Ru kiln porcelain handed down from ancient times in the world, which is the least variety handed down from ancient times in the official kiln system, and there are only 21 pieces in Taipei Imperial Palace. David has collected 12 pieces (the most common saying is 7 pieces), including various types of ware such as Ru Kiln bowls, carved fish pattern washing, Kuihou lamp holder, three-legged casket stove, narcissus basin, shallow dish, bottle, etc., which are second only in quantity and quality to the collection of Ru Kiln in Taipei Imperial Palace.
此件北宋宮用汝窯孤品,藏品沒有一點砝碰,品象完美,造型古樸大方,色澤獨特。宋、元、明、清以來,宮廷汝瓷用器,內庫所藏,視若珍寶、與商彝周鼎比貴。釉如凝脂,冰裂瑩澈,器形巧致雅絕,底見三芝麻花細小支釘。通器完美臻善,當屬汝官瓷之范。
This is a unique Ru kiln product used in the Northern Song Dynasty palace. The collection is not touched by any ephah. The product looks perfect, the shape is simple and elegant, and the color is unique. Since the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, the instruments used by Ru Ci in the palace and hidden in the inner storeroom have been valued as treasures and more expensive than those of Shang Yi and Zhou Ding. Glaze such as coagulate fat, ice crack jade-like stone clear, exquisite shape to elegant unique, see three sesame flower small Zhi Ding at the bottom. The perfection and perfection of the common ware should be the model of your official porcelain.
釉面呈蟬翼紋細小開片 ,多呈斜裂開片,深淺相互交織疊錯,象是銀光閃閃的片片魚鱗,或呈蟬翼紋狀,給人以排列有序的層次感。釉中細小沙眼呈魚子紋、芝麻花和蟹爪紋。
Glaze is a small slice with cicada's wing pattern. Most of the slices are obliquely split. The depth and depth of the slices are interwoven and overlapped, like silver fish scales or cicada's wing pattern, giving a sense of orderly arrangement. The fine trachoma in glaze is fish roe pattern, sesame flower pattern and crab claw pattern.
隨光變幻,觀其釉色,色澤像光潔的玉,“既質玉之質,復白雪之白”之美妙,土質細潤,坯體如侗體其釉厚,明亮而
刺目。
With the changes of light, the glaze color looks like bright and clean jade, "both the quality of jade and the white of white snow". The soil is fine and moist, and the blank body is like Dong body. Its glaze is thick, bright and not harsh.
高濂的《遵生八箋》說汝窯"底有芝麻細小掙針"。在器物底部可見細如芝麻狀的支釘痕三、五、七個,六個支釘的很少,痕跡很淺,大小如粟米。張公巷的器物呈圓形支釘。(窯器物一般均采用滿釉支燒,為了避免窯爐內雜質的污染,需用匣缽裝好,并將器物用墊圈和支釘墊起,防止與匣缽粘連。)
Gao Lian's "Zunsheng Eight Notes" said that Ru Kiln "has sesame seeds at the bottom to make needles". There are three, five, and seven sesame-shaped Zhi Ding marks on the bottom of the utensil, and few of the six Zhi Ding marks. The marks are very shallow and are the size of millet. The implements in Zhang Gong Xiang are round Zhi Ding. (Kiln utensils are usually fired with full glaze. In order to avoid contamination of impurities in the kiln, the sagger should be installed and the utensils should be padded with gaskets and Zhi Ding to prevent adhesion with the sagger. )
汝瓷不張揚、不虛華的個性使人聯想到翩翩的君子,沉穩卻不失個性;它的內斂又好似江南女子的風姿卓韻、典雅含蓄,讓人難以忘懷。
Ru Ci's unassuming and well-deserved personality reminds people of an engaging gentleman who is composed but does not lose his personality. Its introversion is like the charm of Jiangnan women, elegant and subtle, which is unforgettable.
宋代瓷業達到如此境界,絕非偶然。公元960年,北宋建立。宋初實行了“抑武修文”政策,“修文”導致文化的空前高漲,文人的地位得到提高,人們的讀書熱情激增,文化素質普遍提高。加上北宋的經濟繁榮,為制作高水平的瓷器提供了物質保證。這樣的社會氛圍造就了宋瓷清新秀麗、典雅優美的藝術風格,成為宋代工藝美術中最為杰出的品種。
It is no accident that the porcelain industry in Song Dynasty reached such a state. In 960 AD, the Northern Song Dynasty was established. At the beginning of the Song Dynasty, the policy of "suppressing Wu Xiuwen" was implemented, and "writing" led to an unprecedented upsurge in culture, an improvement in the status of scholars, a surge in people's enthusiasm for reading, and a general improvement in cultural quality. In addition, the economic prosperity of the Northern Song Dynasty provided material guarantee for the production of high-level porcelain. This social atmosphere created a fresh, beautiful, elegant and graceful artistic style of Song porcelain, and became the most outstanding variety of arts and crafts in the Song Dynasty.
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