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唐、宋、明的皇帝大都信佛,但唐朝有武宗滅佛,宋朝有徽宗排佛,明朝也有世宗信道毀佛。但清朝卻不一樣,清朝各帝都推崇佛教,有些皇帝還精研佛學,如順治、康熙、雍正、乾隆諸帝,他們對中華民族傳統的儒、釋、道三家文化采取了三教一家,圓融一體的對待,堅持了三教平等的政策,這在歷史上都已是定論。

Most of the emperors of Tang, Song and Ming believed in Buddhism, but in Tang Dynasty, Emperor Wu Zong destroyed Buddhism, Emperor Hui Zong expelled Buddhism, and in Ming Dynasty, Emperor Sejong believed in destroying Buddhism. However, the Qing Dynasty was different. The imperial cities of the Qing Dynasty highly respected Buddhism. Some emperors also studied Buddhism intensively, such as Emperor Shunzhi, Emperor Kangxi, Emperor Yongzheng and Emperor Ganlong. They adopted the three religions and one family for the traditional Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism of the Chinese nation. They treated each other harmoniously and adhered to the policy of equality among the three religions. This has been the final conclusion in history.

清高宗弘歷,年號乾隆,雍正帝第四子,清入關后第四代皇帝。二十五歲即位,在位六十年,其后禪位給皇太子颙琰,自稱太上皇。嘉慶四年死于紫禁城養心殿,終年八十九歲,謚為純皇帝,葬于清東陵的裕陵。乾隆帝是我國封建社會歷史上實際執政時間最長,享年最高的皇帝。在他統治期間,清王朝的國力最為強盛,政治、經濟、軍事、文化全面發展,多民族的封建國家得到空前的鞏固和統一。

The Emperor Gaozong of the Qing Dynasty, whose title was Gan Long, was the fourth son of Yong Zhengdi and the fourth emperor after the Qing Dynasty entered the customs. Acceded to the throne at the age of 25, reigned for 60 years, and later gave the throne to the crown prince, claiming to be the emperor. Jiaqing died four years ago in hall of mental cultivation, the Forbidden City, at the age of 89. He was posthumously crowned as a pure emperor and buried in Yuling, the Qing Dongling. Emperor Ganlong is the emperor who has actually been in power for the longest time in the history of our feudal society and has died at the highest age. During his reign, the Qing Dynasty had the strongest national strength, with all-round development in politics, economy, military and culture. The multi-ethnic feudal country was consolidated and unified unprecedentedly.

清帝乾隆,篤信佛教,在紫禁城內開展了相當多的佛事活動。乾隆朝是藏傳佛教發展的高峰期,不僅建成了全國喇嘛事務中心廟———雍和宮,現在紫禁城內的佛殿及其佛像供器基本上都是乾隆朝的產物。就連皇帝居住的養心殿原本有三處供佛仙樓,乾隆年間又在養心殿西暖閣無倦齋增設第四處仙樓建佛堂,乾隆時期清宮內廷幾乎殿殿有佛堂,處處聞佛聲,朝朝暮暮焚香禮佛。

The Qing Emperor Ganlong believed in Buddhism and carried out quite a number of Buddhist activities in the Forbidden City. Ganlong dynasty is the peak period of Tibetan Buddhism development. not only has the Lama temple, the central temple for lama affairs in China, been built, but now the temple in the forbidden city and its Buddha statues are basically the products of Ganlong dynasty. Even in hall of mental cultivation, where the emperor lived, there were originally three Buddhist shrines. During Ganlong's reign, a fourth temple was built in hall of mental cultivation's Xinuange Immortal Hall. During Ganlong's reign, almost all the temples in the inner court of the Qing Dynasty had Buddha halls, where the sound of Buddha was heard and incense was burned in the morning and evening.

 

除了制造、繪制佛像、法物及佛事圖畫外,乾隆帝還經常誦經祀典、著文寫詩,其文其詩,是清代宮廷文化的重要組成部分,記載這些詩文的物品,多為清代宮廷遺物珍品,此玉冊便是清皇宮極其重要的佛教和宮廷歷史研究文物。

In addition to making and drawing Buddha statues, dharma objects and Buddhist pictures, Emperor Ganlong also often chanted sutras and sacrificial rites and wrote poems in writing. His poems were an important part of the Qing Dynasty palace culture. The articles recording these poems were mostly treasures of Qing Dynasty palace relics. This jade book is an extremely important Buddhist and palace history research relic of Qing Dynasty palace.

 

除了制造、繪制佛像、法物及佛事圖畫外,乾隆帝還經常誦經祀典、著文寫詩,其文其詩,是清代宮廷文化的重要組成部分,記載這些詩文的物品,多為清代宮廷遺物珍品,此玉冊便是清皇宮極其重要的佛教和宮廷歷史研究文物。

In addition to making and drawing Buddha statues, dharma objects and Buddhist pictures, Emperor Ganlong also often chanted sutras and sacrificial rites and wrote poems in writing. His poems were an important part of the Qing Dynasty palace culture. The articles recording these poems were mostly treasures of Qing Dynasty palace relics. This jade book is an extremely important Buddhist and palace history research relic of Qing Dynasty palace.

清代玉冊常以青玉、碧玉或白玉制成,除冊封用途之外,還有刻有清帝御制詩、贊、記、題等文字的玉詩文冊。清代宮廷制作的玉冊只為皇宮使用和收藏,其數量極其有限,存世量極少,拍賣及收藏價值極高,被視為中國玉器中御制、御用玉器的代表,更是可遇不可求的國之珍寶。

Jade books in the Qing Dynasty are often made of sapphire, jasper or white jade. Apart from conferring titles, there are also jade poetry books engraved with the imperial poems, praises, notes, inscriptions, etc. of the Qing Emperor. The jade books produced by the Qing court were only used and collected by the royal palace. Their quantity was extremely limited, and their quantity was very small. Their auction and collection value was extremely high. They were regarded as the representative of imperial jade wares and imperial jade wares in Chinese jade wares, and were also the treasures of rare countries.

 

此套玉冊品相保存完好,裝裱精致,從各塊玉質來看,整部經書應出自同一玉料,實為大工程。篆書刻劃,字體規整,線條流暢,刻劃精細,并全部填金,工藝難度極大,是一件典型的清朝宮廷玉冊。

This set of jade books is well preserved and beautifully mounted. Judging from the quality of each piece of jade, the whole book should be made of the same jade material, which is really a big project. Seal script is characterized by regular fonts, smooth lines, fine strokes and full gold filling, which is extremely difficult to make. It is a typical Qing court jade book.

 

 

 

 

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