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舉世聞名、美輪美奐的青花瓷萌芽于盛唐,厚積于宋,薄發于元,登峰造極于明清。而清代康、雍、乾是青花瓷走向衰落前的最后輝煌,所以在收藏界流行著這樣一種說法:瓷器要玩清三代。

The world-famous and beautiful blue and white porcelain sprouted in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, accumulated in the Song Dynasty, developed in the Yuan Dynasty and peaked in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. In the Qing Dynasty, Kang, Yong and Qian were the last resplendence of blue and white porcelain before its decline. Therefore, there is a popular saying in the collection field that porcelain should play the Qing Dynasty for three generations.

在我國陶瓷開展史上,青花瓷是繼青瓷、黑瓷、青白瓷和彩瓷以后,被公認的瓷器藝術一朵奇葩。自古以來為皇室貴族、達官顯要所喜愛。

In the history of China's ceramic development, blue and white porcelain is recognized as a wonderful work of porcelain art after celadon, black porcelain, blue and white porcelain and color porcelain. Since ancient times, it has been loved by royal nobles and dignitaries.

清乾隆時期,是集過去造瓷之大成期。可以說是封建社會制瓷業的黃金時代,乾隆時期不論是造型、色彩都是應有盡,瓷器生產取得了空前的繁榮,青花瓷也達到了登峰造極的程度。《古銅器考》一書稱贊當時的制瓷業是“有陶以來,未有今日之美備”。此時,景德鎮御窯廠規模龐大,在督陶官的管理下,每年燒造各種瓷器都在數十萬以上,燒出的瓷器無論是工藝技巧還是裝飾藝術都已達到了爐火純青的地步。清代許之衡在《飲流齋說瓷》中形容當時瓷器“至乾隆,精巧之至,幾于鬼斧神工。”

The Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty was a period of great success in porcelain making. It can be said that it is the golden age of the porcelain industry in the feudal society. In the Qianlong period, both the shape and the color should be exhausted. The porcelain production has made unprecedented prosperity, and the blue and white porcelain has reached the peak. The book "ancient bronze ware research" praised the porcelain industry at that time as "since there has been pottery, there has not been today's beauty preparation". At this time, Jingdezhen imperial kiln has a large scale. Under the supervision of the supervisor, hundreds of thousands of different kinds of porcelain are made every year, and the porcelain produced has reached the stage of perfect workmanship and decoration art. Xu Zhiheng in the Qing Dynasty described the porcelain at that time as "to Qianlong, exquisite, and almost magical."

 

乾隆青花使用國產上等浙料燒制,呈現出“穩定、渾厚、沉著”的特點。乾隆青花紋飾題材廣泛,主要以植物花卉為主,富麗繁密,細致精巧。每件器物都有多層圖案裝飾,甚至有的多達數十層。且無論是寫意還是變形,都畫工嚴整細膩,紋飾清晰,排列整齊,具有圖案畫的效果。其紋飾中常常帶有吉祥圖案,善用各種動物、植物及物品的諧音,畫出象征吉祥或祝福寓意的紋飾。可謂是圖必有意,意必吉祥。

Qianlong blue and white was made of the best Zhejiang materials, showing the characteristics of "stable, thick and calm". Qianlong has a wide range of motifs, mainly plants and flowers, rich and dense, meticulous and delicate. Each artifact is decorated with multi-layer patterns, and some even have dozens of layers. And whether it is freehand or deformed, the painting is neat and delicate, with clear patterns and orderly arrangement, with the effect of pattern painting. It is often decorated with auspicious patterns. It is good at using the homophony of various animals, plants and objects to draw patterns symbolizing auspiciousness or blessing. It can be said that the plan must be intentional and the meaning must be auspicious.

 

此青花纏枝蓮雙耳扁瓶,通體以青花纏枝紋為飾,畫面生動、逼真絕妙,底青花書“大清乾隆年制”篆書款。此器器型俊美秀麗,線條流暢,各部分比例協調,曲直變化有致,恰到好處,張馳有度,線條美極。乾隆年間,由于對青花料有了新的工藝,從傳統的水選到火煅,迅速提高了青花的發色質量,使得浙料呈色青翠幽藍,藍中泛灰,多有暈散,色調頗具沉靜感。器里施釉一絲不茍,蒼潤如玉,彌足珍貴。

This blue and white vase is decorated with blue and white patterns. The picture is vivid, lifelike and wonderful. The bottom blue and white book is the seal script made in Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty. This instrument is beautiful in shape, smooth in line, harmonious in proportion in all parts, and with proper changes in straightness and straightness. During the Qianlong period, because of the new technology of blue and white materials, the quality of blue and white hair color was rapidly improved from traditional water selection to fire calcination, which made Zhejiang materials appear green and blue, with gray in the blue, and most of them are faint and scattered, and the color is quite quiet. The glaze is applied meticulously in the vessel. It is as green as jade, which is precious.

 

縱觀青花瓷的傳奇歷史,從元代至清代的數百年間,青花瓷的燒造既承載了不同地域的文明,也印證著諸多王朝的興衰。當人們在凝視一件稀世珍寶的同時,透過光潤的釉面,人們欣賞的已不僅僅是那幽雅的青色,而更多的是在尋覓青花瓷背后那一段段精彩迷離的故事。

Throughout the legendary history of blue and white porcelain, from the Yuan Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty, the firing of blue and white porcelain not only carried the civilization of different regions, but also confirmed the rise and fall of many dynasties. When people stare at a rare treasure, through the glossy glaze, what they appreciate is not only the elegant blue, but also the fascinating and confusing story behind the blue and white porcelain.

 

 

 

 

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