大明宣德爐是明代工藝品中的珍品，宣德爐的鑄造成功，開了后世銅爐的先河，在很長一段歷史中，宣德爐成為銅香爐的通稱。
Xuande furnace in Ming Dynasty is a treasure of Ming Dynasty arts and crafts. The successful casting of Xuande furnace led to the opening of later copper furnaces. In a long history, Xuande furnace has become the general name of copper censer.
【藏品名稱】：“玉堂清玩”朝冠耳爐
[collection name]: chaoguaner stove of "Yutang Qingwan"
【規格】：香爐口徑:16.5 高14.0
[Specification]: diameter of censer: 16.5, height: 14.0
為了牟取暴利，從明代宣德年間到民國時期，古玩商仿制宣德爐活動從未間斷。就在宣德爐停止制造后，部分主管“司鑄之事”的官員，召集原來鑄爐工匠，依照宣德爐的圖紙和工藝程序進行仿造。這些經過精心鑄造的仿品可與真品媲美，專家權威也無法辨別，至今國內各大博物館內收藏的許許多多宣德爐，沒有一件能被眾多鑒定家公認為是真正的宣德爐。鑒別真假宣德爐已成為中國考古學中的“懸案”之一。
In order to make huge profits, from Xuande period of Ming Dynasty to the period of the Republic of China, antique merchants imitated Xuande stove continuously. After Xuande furnace stopped manufacturing, some officials in charge of "casting affairs" called together the original furnace artisans to imitate according to the drawings and process procedures of Xuande furnace. These carefully cast imitations are comparable to the real ones, and experts can't distinguish them. Up to now, there are many Xuande furnaces in domestic museums, none of which can be recognized as the real Xuande furnaces by many experts. It has become one of the "outstanding cases" in Chinese archaeology to identify the true and false Xuande furnaces.
一直以來，銅器鑄造更多用于奢華的陳設品和生活用具，香爐作為我國古代傳統的實用器主要制作成和生活有關的器物樣式。一時間，爐文化成為文人雅士的一種時尚，置爐和賞爐成為一種文人品位的體現，其獨特的文化特色使香爐成為當時代表新文化的典型器物，所以具有很高的藝術和收藏價值。銅香爐是中國明清時期銅制品中最重要的門類之一。精心冶煉的銅香爐，造型古樸典雅，深受世人的重視。從南京朝天宮古玩市場得知，以前是收藏市場冷門的銅香爐，近兩年收藏價值逐漸凸顯，部分制作精美的明清銅香爐價格足足翻了10倍。從工藝造型來看，一些皇帝御賜的銅香爐由于其精細的工藝而提升了其價值。因此，年代久遠、雕工精美的銅香爐價值不菲。另外，由于明清銅爐歷史上經歷諸多劫難，損失慘重，造成后仿爐和私款爐也已成為珍罕的歷史文物。
For a long time, bronze casting has been more used for luxurious furnishings and living utensils. As the traditional practical utensils in ancient China, censers are mainly made into life-related utensils. For a time, furnace culture became a fashion of literati and refined scholars, and furnace setting and appreciation became a manifestation of literati's taste. Its unique cultural characteristics made the censer a typical tool representing the new culture at that time, so it has a high artistic and collection value. Copper censer is one of the most important categories of copper products in Ming and Qing Dynasties. The refined copper censer, with its simple and elegant shape, is highly valued by the world. From Nanjing Chaotian Palace antique market, we can see that the copper censers used to be the cold door of the collection market have gradually become more and more valuable in the past two years. The price of some exquisite copper censers in Ming and Qing Dynasties has fully increased by 10 times. From the perspective of technological modeling, some of the imperial copper censers have increased their value due to their fine craftsmanship. Therefore, the copper censer with long history and exquisite carving is of great value. In addition, because of many disasters and heavy losses in the history of Ming and Qing bronze furnaces, the imitated furnaces and private furnaces have become rare historical relics.
從近年來出現的“玉堂”款爐 ，年份在清康熙以上的基本上個個是好爐子， 不光冶煉、鑄造、銅質、造型、刻款等工藝都是爐子當中的精品爐。可見康熙以上的玉堂款爐在當時就受人重視，在同類銅爐當中地位較高，因為“玉堂”是一種士大夫聲望和地位的象征。
From the "Yutang" type furnaces that appeared in recent years, almost all of them were good ones, not only smelting, casting, copper, modeling, carving and other technologies were excellent ones. It can be seen that the Yutang style stove above Kangxi was valued at that time, and had a higher position among the same kind of copper stove, because "Yutang" is a symbol of the reputation and status of scholar officials.
此件“玉堂清玩”香爐，此爐金光閃閃，珠光寶色，映出道道奇光，和其他爐放在一起有鶴立雞群之感。讓人賞心悅目，絢麗無比的色彩。可謂“玉堂清玩，比肩宣德”。
This incense burner of "Yutang Qingwan" is glittering and pearly. It reflects the unique light of Taoism and stands out from others. It is a feast for the eyes and a gorgeous and incomparable color. It can be said that "the jade hall is a place of pure play, and its virtue is promoted by comparing shoulders".
《古玩指南》中趙汝珍大師講的很清楚，嚴氏不鑄爐，凡嚴氏之爐都是無款宣爐，也就是說有印制“玉堂清玩”款的銅香爐就是真宣。按照嚴氏當時的地位和收藏規格不是真宣嚴氏父子不可能劫取，更不可能將仿制品印制上堂堂相府的堂款。后世仿“玉堂清玩”款的銅香爐很多，一律都是刻款。
In the guide to antiques, master Zhao Ruzhen made it clear that Yan's furnaces are all without money, that is to say, the copper censers with "yutangqingwan" printed are the real ones. According to Yan's status and collection specifications at that time, it is not impossible for Yan's father and son to rob, let alone print the imitations on the hall money of the hall. There are many bronze censers in the later generations, all of which are carved.
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