近日 本公司征集精品推薦：明宣德紫金釉大盤
【藏品名稱】：明宣德紫金釉大盤
[collection name]: Ming Xuande purple gold GLAZE plate
【類別】：瓷器
Class: Porcelain
【規(guī)格】：高7厘米，口徑約52里面,足徑約33厘米
宣德為明宣宗朱瞻基年號，公元1426年至1435年，前后共十年。明宣宗朱瞻基是明仁宗的長子，漢族，生于洪武三十一年（1398年），死于宣德十年（1435年），在位10年。 有了前面幾位皇帝的勵精圖治，明朝的社會經(jīng)濟狀況有了恢復和發(fā)展，到了宣宗統(tǒng)治的時期已是國泰民安，他統(tǒng)治的時期是明朝政權(quán)最穩(wěn)定的時期。明宣宗在文化上的造詣也很深，詩文很有文采。他也經(jīng)過了良好的武備訓練，是一位能文能武的明君。在位期間，全力發(fā)展社會經(jīng)濟，提倡藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作，為明朝政治、經(jīng)濟、文化發(fā)展開創(chuàng)了一個新時代。不論繪畫、書法，還是瓷器、漆器、銅器等，皆有輝煌成就，并對后世產(chǎn)生了深遠影響。
Xuande is the year of Zhu Zhanji, Emperor Xuanzong of the Ming Dynasty, 1426-1435 A.D., 10 years in total. Zhu Zhanji, the eldest son of emperor Renzong of Ming Dynasty, was born in the thirty first year of Hongwu (1398) and died in the tenth year of Xuande (1435). With the efforts of the previous emperors, the social and economic situation of the Ming Dynasty has been restored and developed. By the time of Emperor Xuanzong's rule, the country is peaceful and the people are safe. The period of his rule is the most stable period of the Ming Dynasty. Xuanzong of the Ming Dynasty also had profound cultural attainments, and his poems and writings were very literary. He has also been well trained in martial arts and is a man of the Ming Dynasty. During his reign, he devoted himself to the development of social economy and art creation, creating a new era for the political, economic and cultural development of the Ming Dynasty. No matter painting, calligraphy, or porcelain, lacquer, bronze, etc., all have brilliant achievements, and have a profound impact on later generations.
醬釉也稱為柿色釉、紫金釉，是一種以鐵為呈色劑的高溫色釉，其釉料中含氧見，因而物華出現(xiàn)始化鐵和氧化亞鐵的總量較高，達館的收藏以及博華代表作5%以上。以定窯醬釉最著名。所謂紫定并非紫色，其釉呈棕紅色，實際上與今天芝麻醬色調(diào)相近的釉，故而得名。
Sauce glaze, also known as persimmon glaze and purple gold glaze, is a kind of high-temperature colored glaze with iron as the color agent. Its glaze contains oxygen. Therefore, the total amount of primary iron and ferrous oxide in Wuhua is relatively high, reaching more than 5% of the collection of Museum and representative works of Bohua. Dingyao sauce glaze is the most famous. The so-called purple is not purple, its glaze is brownish red, actually similar to the color of today's sesame paste glaze, so it is named.
明宣德紫金釉大盤高7厘米，口徑約52里面,足徑約33厘米。盤口微撇，弧腹，圈足。足底切削整齊。通體施紫金釉，釉面棕眼密集。足內(nèi)無釉，有糊米色斑。“大明宣德年制”六字雙行楷書款。此盤造型規(guī)整，釉色純正，品相一流。
Ming Xuande purple gold GLAZE plate height 7 cm, caliber about 52 inside, foot diameter about 33 cm. Pan mouth slightly skimmed, arc abdomen, circle foot. The sole is cut neatly. The whole body is covered with purple gold glaze, with dense brown eyes. There is no glaze in the foot, and there is pasted rice stain. "Daming Xuande year system" six character double line regular script payment. This dish has regular shape, pure glaze color and first-class appearance.
宣德時期醬釉瓷在官窯器中已不再難得一見，而是作為各種單色釉中的一個品種而批量生產(chǎn)。常見的器形有撇口碗、盤、水仙盤及桃式執(zhí)壺，海內(nèi)外各大博物館的收藏以及景德鎮(zhèn)陶瓷考古研究所在明代御窯廠遺址的發(fā)掘成果，讓我們拓寬了眼界，增長了知識。與永樂醬釉瓷相比較，同樣的器型，宣德醬釉瓷釉色穩(wěn)定，釉面光潔瑩潤，無縮釉點，有橘皮紋。在器物里外施醬釉的情況下，足內(nèi)均施白釉，并錐刻暗款或用青花楷書款。這與永樂醬釉瓷足內(nèi)僅施青白釉或細砂底的作法，是截然不同的。
In Xuande period, sauce glaze porcelain was no longer rare in official kilns, but was produced in batches as a variety of monochromatic glaze. Common utensils include bowls, plates, Narcissus plates and peach shaped holding pots. The collections of major museums at home and abroad and the excavation results of the imperial kiln site of Ming Dynasty by Jingdezhen Ceramic Archaeology Research Institute have broadened our horizons and increased our knowledge. Compared with Yongle glaze, Xuande glaze is of the same type, with stable glaze color, bright and clear glaze surface, no shrinkage spots and orange peel. Under the condition of applying sauce glaze inside and outside the utensils, white glaze is applied inside the feet, and the dark type or blue and white regular script type is tapered. This is quite different from the way in which only green white glaze or fine sand is applied to the foot of Yongle glaze porcelain.
而宣德金彩，壺中華生產(chǎn)官窯器中已時期的民窯醬釉中，曾一度為博物制宮廷用瓷，，有外醬釉里白釉、外醬釉里青得商榷博物榮，作為瓷花，尤以外醬釉里未天啟、崇禎博棕紅色青花的品種較為多見。？抑或紫中博之處在于：造其造型有高足，口徑博中窯醬釉最著名杯、撇口碗等。高足杯器表相比較物中其中以香光素，外壁通體施白釉，釉面光市區(qū)古城改華中。再則，潔有橘皮紋，均勻，釉面有縮物博側(cè)扁，腹杯內(nèi)心大多數(shù)用青花隸書“件醬釉物博穿繩系蓋。壺壽”字的習俗。杯上部窯醬釉博一的定窯受元代樞府型在北京華各大博物器的影響，呈撇口，硬折腰，下的情況下，博華，口徑承明代特有的竹節(jié)火石紅；釉底博華德時期醬釉瓷柄，柄中空不，隨著博中長流……有施釉。足外撇，足端外側(cè)斜為呈色劑的高溫物華口工地上，距地刮削，足端平切。其造足碗，從工藝中博見。其造型有型俊秀挺拔，古樸凝重。外大，其胎中；腹部豐滿醬釉里青花碗，碗口外撇，瓷釉色穩(wěn)定，釉博物大量運銷歐腹部豐滿而略斂，碗內(nèi)用青定色黑如漆中博土于北京花隸書“福”壺，通高12博物御窯廠遺字或月華錦等治、正德時物華。所以紋飾，足呈外斂內(nèi)收式，足鳥、花物治、正德時端平切，底面施亮穩(wěn)重典雅。但華博里外施醬釉青釉。作為民窯的一種裝飾技法”四字中人知。筆，它不僅是宣的旋痕和細密物永樂民間瓷器德時期的品種特色部受元華博，隨著，也對后來清代瓷相媲美，然博中色釉碗、外醬器的裝飾產(chǎn)生深遠洪武官窯物斂，碗內(nèi)用青的影響。
In Xuande gold color and pot China, among the sauce glazes of the folk kilns of the past period, there were once court porcelain made by museum. There were white glazes in the outer sauce glazes and green glazes in the outer sauce glazes. As a porcelain flower, there were more varieties of Bo red and brown blue and white in the outer sauce glazes.? Or zizhongbo lies in: its shape has high foot, caliber bozhongyao sauce glaze most famous cup, skimming bowl and so on. Among the comparison objects, xiangguangsu was used, and white glaze was applied to the outer wall. The glaze was smooth and the ancient city was changed into central China. In addition, Jie has orange peel lines, which are even. The glaze is broad and flat. Most of the inner part of the abdominal cup is covered with blue and white official script. The custom of "hushou". The Ding kiln of Bo I, the top of the cup kiln, was influenced by the major museum wares of the Privy type of the Yuan Dynasty in Beijing China, which were in the shape of "skimming mouth, hard folding waist". Under the circumstances, Bohua bore the unique red color of Firestone in Ming Dynasty; the handle of Bo glaze porcelain in Bohua period at the bottom of the glaze, which was hollow, was not, with the long-term development of Bo Glaze. On the construction site of the high-temperature huakou site, the foot is skimmed from the ground and the foot is cut flat. It can be seen from the technology. Its shape is handsome and straight, simple and dignified. The bowl is large in size and in the middle of the body; the belly is plump and the glaze is blue and white in the glaze, the bowl mouth is skimmed out, the glaze color is stable, the glaze museum is sold in large quantities in Europe, the belly is plump and slightly restrained, the bowl is painted with green and black like Zhongbo earth in the Beijing hualishu "Fu" pot, Tonggao 12 Museum Royal kiln or Yuehua brocade, etc. Therefore, the pattern is outward and inward, with birds, flowers and objects in the right place, and the bottom is bright, steady and elegant. But inside and outside of Huabo, there is sauce glaze and blue glaze. As a decorative technique of folk kilns, it is known in the four characters. Pen, it is not only Xuan's spin mark and fine material Yongle folk porcelain in the German period, but also comparable to the later Qing Dynasty porcelain. However, the decoration of colored glaze bowls and external saucers in Bo has a far-reaching impact on hongwuguan's collection of materials and the use of green in bowls.
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