近日 本公司征集精品推薦：漢白玉碗
【藏品名稱】：漢白玉碗
[collection name]: White jade bowl
【類別】：雜項
Class: miscellaneous
漢白玉是一種名貴的材料，它潔白無瑕，質(zhì)地堅實而又細(xì)膩，非常容易雕刻，古往今來的名貴建筑多采用它作原料。漢白玉色澤呈乳白色，清雅純凈，卻富有貴氣，以獨有的魅力觸動了世人的神經(jīng)，頗受人們喜愛。
Hanbai jade is a kind of precious material. It is pure and flawless, solid and delicate in texture, and easy to carve. It has been widely used as raw material for precious buildings from ancient to modern times. The color of white marble is milky white, elegant and pure, but it is rich in noble spirit. It touches the nerves of the world with its unique charm and is popular with people.
關(guān)于漢白玉名稱的由來，人們眾說紛紜。相傳從中國古代起，多用這種石料制作宮殿的石階和護(hù)欄，被歷代人人墨客誦吟誦唱，所謂“玉砌雕欄”華麗如玉，所以稱作漢白玉;也有一種說法是，從我國漢代起就用這種宛若美玉的石材修建宮殿，裝飾廟宇，雕刻佛像，點綴殿堂。因為是從漢代開始使用這種建筑材料故稱漢白玉;還有一種說法是漢白玉的“漢”字本應(yīng)就是流汗的“汗”，汗字代表了漢白玉最鮮為人知的一個特征，真正的漢白玉，并非真的潔白無瑕，而是潔白中隱藏著淺淺的紋路，就像是出汗的印記一樣。當(dāng)然，最為大眾接受的說法是我國從漢代開始就使用這種潔白無瑕的美玉來做建筑材料，人們就順口稱之為漢白玉。
There are different opinions on the origin of the name of white marble. It is said that since ancient China, stone steps and guardrails of palaces have been made of this kind of stone, which has been chanted and sung by all generations of calligraphers. The so-called "jade carved railings" are as gorgeous as jade, so they are called white marble. There is also a saying that from Han Dynasty, palaces, temples, statues and temples have been built with this kind of jade like stone. Because this kind of building material was used since the Han Dynasty, it is called Hanbai jade. Another way of saying is that Hanbai Jade's "Han" character should be sweating "sweat", which represents the most unknown feature of Hanbai jade. The real Hanbai jade is not really white and flawless, but there are shallow lines hidden in the white, just like the mark of sweating. Of course, the most popular saying is that China has used this kind of pure and flawless jade to make building materials since the Han Dynasty, so people call it white marble.
此器，圓唇直口，弧壁，圈足。石質(zhì)細(xì)膩溫潤，琢工精細(xì)?？贪宥皇鷦樱遣豢啥嗟玫挠袼囆g(shù)品。 此碗像玉石一樣潤滑細(xì)膩，琢工精細(xì)，造型端莊。
This instrument has round lips, straight mouth, arc wall and circle foot. The stone is fine and gentle, and the work is fine. It is a rare jade work of art that is rigid but vivid. This bowl is as smooth and delicate as jade, with fine carving and elegant modeling.
漢白玉是一種名貴的建筑材料，它潔白無瑕，質(zhì)地堅實而又細(xì)膩，非常容易雕刻，古往今來的名貴建筑多采用它作原料。通體潔白，石體中泛出淡淡的水印，俗稱汗線，故而得名漢白玉。多為中國古代皇家建筑、藝術(shù)品雕刻使用的名貴頂級石料，故宮、天壇、天安門金水橋等經(jīng)典建筑使用材料。常用于在人民英雄紀(jì)念碑、人民大會堂、毛主席紀(jì)念堂等和國家大師級雕刻藝術(shù)品。漢白玉歷經(jīng)千百年來經(jīng)久不衰，可見其魅力之大，價值之高。
Hanbai jade is a kind of precious building material, which is pure and flawless, solid and delicate in texture, and very easy to carve. It has been widely used as raw material for precious buildings from ancient to modern times. The whole body is white, and there are faint watermarks in the stone body. It is commonly known as sweat line, so it's called white marble. Most of them are precious and top-grade stone materials used in ancient Chinese royal architecture and art carving, as well as classic building materials such as the Forbidden City, the temple of heaven and the golden water bridge of Tian'anmen Gate. It is often used in the monument to the people's heroes, the Great Hall of the people, Chairman Mao's memorial hall and other national masterpieces. After thousands of years of enduring, white marble shows its great charm and high value.
【藏品名稱】：玉佩
[collection name]: Jade clothing
【類別】：雜項
Class: miscellaneous
【規(guī)格】：長9.5cm 寬5.8cm
[Specification]: length 9.5cm, width 5.8cm
古人的很多生活器具都是由玉雕成的，能常戴在身上的惟有玉佩。繁欽詩中“美玉”是指玉做的佩，或?qū)懽?ldquo;佩”。古人對玉佩的熱愛不是因為玉的貴重，而是源于玉的品格，所以古語有“君子無故，玉不去身”。
Peiyu has gradually become a jewelry fashion, many people are very fond of it. In the jade pendant, people, animals, flowers and birds, utensils and some traditional Chinese patterns such as auspicious characters are often used. With folk proverbs, auspicious language and God stories as the theme, the artistic expression form of "one auspicious language, one pattern" is formed by means of metaphor, analogy, pun, symbol and homophony, which reflects people's pursuit and yearning for a better life It embodies the essence of jade culture.
明清是另一個玉文化繁榮的時代，這時民間盛行佩帶各種玉佩飾。有錢的人上到帽檐前飾，中至玉腰牌，玉掛件，下至玉鞋扣，幾乎全身上下都是玉。一般平民百姓也常會帶個玉手鐲、玉耳環(huán)，玉扳指等。所用玉料大多為青玉、白玉、青白玉等。其中特別以產(chǎn)于新疆和田的羊脂白玉最為名貴，黃玉也同樣價值不菲。翡翠也是在清早期流入中國的。但由于翡翠石料一般較為細(xì)小，所以多用來做介面，耳環(huán)等小件器。我們現(xiàn)今看到的大部分玉佩飾都是明清兩代的產(chǎn)物。
Ming and Qing Dynasties is another era of jade culture prosperity. At this time, various kinds of jade ornaments are popular among the people. The rich people go up to the brim to decorate, middle to jade waist token, jade pendant, down to jade shoe buckle, almost all of them are jade. Ordinary people often wear jade bracelets, earrings, and fingers. Most of the jade materials used are sapphire, white jade, green white jade, etc. Among them, the tallow white jade produced in Hotan, Xinjiang, is the most precious, and the yellow jade is also of great value. Jadeite also flowed into China in the early Qing Dynasty. However, because the jadeite stone is generally small, it is often used for small objects such as interfaces, earrings, etc. Most of the jade ornaments we see today are the products of Ming and Qing Dynasties.
佩玉已逐漸成為首飾時尚，許多人都非常喜愛。在玉佩中，往往運用了人物、走獸、花鳥、器物等形象和一些吉祥文字等中國傳統(tǒng)圖案造型，以民間諺語、吉語及神故事為題材，通過借喻、比擬、雙關(guān)、象征及諧音等表現(xiàn)手法，構(gòu)成“一句吉語一幅圖案”的美術(shù)表現(xiàn)形式，反映人們對美好生活的追求和向往，充分體現(xiàn)了玉石文化的精髓。
Peiyu has gradually become a jewelry fashion, many people are very fond of it. In the jade pendant, people, animals, flowers and birds, utensils and some traditional Chinese patterns such as auspicious characters are often used. With folk proverbs, auspicious language and God stories as the theme, the artistic expression form of "one auspicious language, one pattern" is formed by means of metaphor, analogy, pun, symbol and homophony, which reflects people's pursuit and yearning for a better life It embodies the essence of jade culture.
【藏品名稱】：大宋萬歷年制水牛
[collection name]:
【類別】：雜項
Class: miscellaneous
【規(guī)格】：長25cm 寬12cm
[Specification]: length 25cm, width 12cm
明十三陵中的定陵是萬歷皇帝和他兩位皇后的陵墓，是建國后唯一一座國家主動進(jìn)行考古發(fā)掘的皇帝陵墓。定陵出土了大量玉器，大體有玉器皿、玉禮器、玉佩飾和玉料四類。玉器皿主要有玉爵、玉壺、玉盒、玉盂、玉碗、玉杯，玉禮器主要有玉璧和玉圭，玉佩飾有玉帶鉤、玉革帶、玉佩和玉耳墜、玉簪等首飾。這些明晚期皇家玉器選材精致，以新疆和田白玉為主，拋光后玻璃光澤比較強(qiáng)，拋光水平超過唐宋元時期的玉器制作，接近戰(zhàn)漢時期玉器拋光工藝；同時，這些明代宮廷玉器的制作常與鏨金、珠寶鑲嵌、燒藍(lán)等工藝相結(jié)合，極盡奢華之能事。定陵出土的明晚期宮廷玉器，集中一國一朝能工巧匠造就，反映出當(dāng)時的制玉水平和審美特點，代表明代晚期玉器制作的最高成就。
Among the Ming Tombs, Ding mausoleum is the mausoleum of Emperor Wanli and his two queens. It is the only mausoleum that has been excavated by the state after the founding of the people's Republic of China. A large number of jade wares have been unearthed in Dingling, which can be divided into four categories: Jade dishes, jade ritual vessels, jade ornaments and jade materials. Jade utensils mainly include jade Jue, jade pot, jade box, jade Yu, jade bowl and jade cup. Jade ritual utensils mainly include jade Bi and jade GUI. Jade ornaments include jade belt hook, jade leather belt, jade pendant and jade earrings, jade hairpin and other jewelry. These Royal jades in the late Ming Dynasty are mainly made of Hetian white jade in Xinjiang. After polishing, the glass luster is relatively strong, and the polishing level is higher than that of the jade production in the Tang, song and Yuan Dynasties, which is close to the jade polishing process in the warring Han Dynasty. At the same time, the production of these Royal jades in the Ming Dynasty is often combined with the processes of carving gold, inlaying pearls, burning blue, etc., which makes them extremely luxurious. The palace jade unearthed in Dingling in the late Ming Dynasty was made by skilled craftsmen in one country and one dynasty, which reflected the jade making level and aesthetic characteristics at that time, and represented the highest achievement of jade making in the late Ming Dynasty.
牛，對中國人而言不僅是重要的生產(chǎn)工具，更是中國人的一種精神寄托。古往今來，許多文人墨客都喜歡寫牛，比如大家耳熟能詳?shù)?ldquo;人勤一世千川綠，牛奮四蹄萬頃黃”，“橫眉冷對千夫指，俯首甘為孺子牛”，等等，都是在歌頌“牛”的美好品質(zhì)。
Cow is not only an important tool of production for Chinese people, but also a spiritual sustenance for Chinese people. From ancient times to modern times, many literati like to write about cattle, such as the well-known "people work hard for a thousand rivers and green, cattle work hard for four hoofs and ten thousand hectares of yellow", "cross the brow to point to thousands of people, bow down to be willing to be a cow", etc., all of which are praising the good quality of "cattle".
人們喜歡雕牛、畫牛、寫牛、說牛，在歷史上給后世留下了許許多多的趣聞佳話、成語典故。牛的秉性也是人們喜愛它的原因，牛被認(rèn)為是“辛勤勞作、忠厚無私、誠實守信、盡職盡忠”的典型，為此，許多人會把雕有牛造型的玉飾贈予那些志存高遠(yuǎn)、吃苦耐勞的人。
People like to carve cattle, draw cattle, write cattle, and say cattle, leaving many interesting stories, idioms and allusions for later generations in history. Ox's nature is also the reason why people like it. Ox is considered as a typical example of "hard work, loyalty and selflessness, honesty and faithfulness, due diligence and loyalty". For this reason, many people will give the jade ornaments carved with ox shape to those who are ambitious and hardworking.
牛，默默奉獻(xiàn)，給予人者多，取與人者寡；牛也是瑞獸，可逢兇化吉，有辟邪之功用。牛是好的象征，每次只要股市大漲人們都會說“牛市”。炒股票的人，人人都要放一只牛在身邊，取其“日日見牛市”之意。牛也是“力量和勇氣”的象征，喻意著生意紅紅火火，日子和和美美。牛，因其諧音而有扭轉(zhuǎn)乾坤、牛氣沖天等寓意。牛這種精神與寓意為一體的祥瑞形象，成為玉雕件中的常見題材，深受大眾喜愛。
The ox is a silent sacrifice, giving more to others and taking less from others. The ox is also a auspicious beast, which can turn the bad into the good and has the function of exorcising evil. Bull is a good symbol. Every time the stock market goes up, people will say "bull market". Stock speculators, everyone should put a cow in the side, take its "day see bull market" meaning. Cow is also a symbol of "strength and courage", which means that business is booming, life and beauty. Ox, because of its homophony, has the meaning of turning the world around, and the spirit of ox soars to the sky. The auspicious image of cattle, which is a combination of spirit and moral, has become a common theme in jade carvings and is deeply loved by the public.
豐富藝術(shù)生活，傳遞藝術(shù)價值！如果您對此感興趣，歡迎聯(lián)系庭杰網(wǎng)絡(luò)服務(wù)有限公司！
Enrich art life and transfer art value! If you are interested in this , please contact Tingjie Network Service Co., Ltd!
分享是一種美德，分享是一種快樂，學(xué)會分享，快樂他人！
Sharing is a virtue, sharing is a joy, learn to share, happy others!
