洪武通寶為明代朱元璋時(shí)期發(fā)行貨幣，朱元璋是歷代皇帝當(dāng)中唯一一個(gè)出身最貧寒的乞丐皇帝。明代錢文不稱元寶，因?yàn)橹煸暗拿种杏?ldquo;元”字，要避諱，所以自大中錢到永歷錢，不論大小，都稱通寶。
Hongwu Tongbao issued currency for Zhu Yuanzhang of the Ming Dynasty, who was the only beggar emperor from the poorest background. In Ming Dynasty, Qian Wen was not called Yuanbao, because Zhu Yuanzhang had the word "Yuan" in his name, so he wanted to avoid it, so he called Tongbao from arrogance to Yongli.
【藏品名稱】：洪武通寶牧牛花錢
[collection name]: Hongwu Tongbao cattle money
【類別】：錢幣
Class: Coins
洪武通寶在外形設(shè)計(jì)上依舊采用外圓內(nèi)方的設(shè)計(jì)，正面為雄壯有力的“洪武通寶”四字，上面是“洪”字，下面是“武”字，左邊是“寶”字，右邊是“通”字。對(duì)于洪武通寶反面的款式有多樣式，根據(jù)歷史研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，一共可以分為四種類型，六十一種款式。截至到目前，一共有五十八種款式被發(fā)現(xiàn)。大家最為熟悉的當(dāng)屬小平光背的版別非常多。但這枚牧童騎牛樣式，因背面是一個(gè)牧童騎牛的圖案，極其稀少，亦屬罕見之品。
Hongwu Tongbao still adopts the design of the outer circle and the inner side in the shape design. On the front is the four words of "Hongwu Tongbao", with the words "Hong" on the top, the words "Wu" on the bottom, the words "Bao" on the left and the words "Tong" on the right. There are many styles for the reverse side of Hongwu Tongbao. According to historical research, it can be divided into four types, sixty-one styles. So far, a total of 58 styles have been found. You are most familiar with the small flat back version is very many. But this shepherd boy riding cattle style, because the back is a shepherd boy riding cattle design, extremely rare, is also a rare product.
這枚明代洪武牧童騎牛花錢，背面牧童騎牛圖，一個(gè)牧牛娃，頭戴斗笠，騎在牛背之上，逍遙自在地吹著笛子，笛聲悠揚(yáng)悅耳，那牛兒擺動(dòng)著尾巴，悠然自得，形象逼真，栩栩如生，十分有趣，令人愛不釋手。
This is a picture of a herdsman riding a cow in Hongwu of Ming Dynasty. He is wearing a hat and riding on the back of a cow. He plays the flute freely. The flute is melodious and melodious. The cow swings its tail and is carefree, vivid, lifelike, very interesting and unforgettable.
為什么紀(jì)念幣上會(huì)出現(xiàn)牧童騎牛的圖案呢？這與當(dāng)時(shí)的社會(huì)環(huán)境有關(guān)。《明史》載：“至正四年（1344年）旱蝗，大饑疫，太祖（即朱元璋）時(shí)年十七，父母兄相繼歿，貧不克葬，里人劉繼祖與之地，乃克葬……”，又載“……太祖孤無所依，乃入皇覺寺為僧。”至于朱元璋在未入寺為僧以前，是否當(dāng)過放牛娃，雖無從考證。但從朱元璋的出身貧苦，生活無著，幼年替人家放過牛，也有可能。朱元璋小的時(shí)候曾放牛，之后在花錢上鑄上牧童騎牛圖案，正表明了皇帝也出身困苦，與百姓同心相連、同甘共苦，由此激勵(lì)人民發(fā)展生產(chǎn)。
Why is there a picture of shepherd riding cattle on the commemorative coins? This is related to the social environment at that time. In the history of the Ming Dynasty, it is recorded that "in the fourth year of the Zhizheng period (1344), there was a drought locust and a great hunger epidemic. In the seventeen year of the Taizu period (Zhu Yuanzhang), the parents and brothers died one after another. It was impossible to bury them in poverty. Liu Jizu and his wife were buried in Naike..." , with " Emperor Taizu is a monk in Huangjue temple As for whether Zhu Yuanzhang was a cowherd before he joined the temple as a monk, there is no textual research. However, Zhu Yuanzhang was born in a poor family and had no life. It was possible to let go of his cattle when he was young. Zhu Yuanzhang used to herd cattle when he was a little boy, and later cast the pattern of shepherd boy riding cattle on the money, which shows that the emperor also came from hardship, connected with the common people and shared weal and woe, thus encouraging the people to develop production.
目前發(fā)現(xiàn)的洪武牧童騎牛花錢，圖案并非一種，牧童形態(tài)各異，錢的大小也不盡相同，就連牧童騎牛的圖案，也有平面圖和立體圖案兩種。但總的來說，目前發(fā)現(xiàn)的洪武牧童騎牛花錢數(shù)量較少，值得珍藏。具有歷史性和紀(jì)念性錢幣，具有極高的市場(chǎng)價(jià)值或收藏價(jià)值。
At present, there are not one kind of patterns for Hongwu shepherd children to spend money on riding cattle. The patterns of shepherd children are different and the sizes of money are different. Even the patterns of shepherd children riding cattle have two kinds of plans and three-dimensional patterns. But generally speaking, the amount of money spent on riding cattle by Hongwu shepherd children found at present is less, which is worth collecting. It has historical and commemorative coins with high market value or collection value.
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