墨西哥銀圓又叫做“墨銀”或“鷹洋”，后訛為“英洋”。 1521年，西班牙殖民者占領了墨西哥，并于1535年在美洲設立了包括墨西哥與美國南部總共450萬平方公里的第一個總督轄區，稱之為“新西班牙總督區”。西班牙殖民者征服墨西哥后，曾試圖使用西班牙銀幣。但是，他們很快發現，西班牙銀幣完全不能滿足這個龐大的殖民地的需求。同時，為了便于把殖民地的貴金屬運往宗主國，西班牙王室決定在殖民地設立造幣廠。1535年，根據西班牙國王卡洛斯5世(Carlos V)的旨令，新西班牙總督區在征服者首領科爾特斯宅邸附近（現墨西哥城市中心憲法廣場西側）建立了美洲第一家造幣廠。由于當時主要鑄造銀幣，因此，開采和提煉的銀子越來越多，鑄幣業一度成為當時最有活力的產業。
The Mexican Silver Circle is also called "Mo Yin" or "Yingyang", which is later falsely called "Yingyang". In 1521, Spanish colonists occupied Mexico, and in 1535, they established the first viceroy in America, including Mexico and the south of the United States, totaling 4.5 million square kilometers, called the "new Spanish Viceroy". After the Spanish colonists conquered Mexico, they tried to use Spanish silver coins. However, they soon found that Spanish silver coins could not meet the needs of this huge colony at all. At the same time, the Spanish royal family decided to set up a mint in the colony in order to facilitate the transportation of precious metals from the colony to the suzerain. In 1535, according to the decree of Carlos V, the governor of New Spain established the first Mint in America near the residence of Cortez, the conqueror leader (West of the constitutional square in the city center of Mexico). Since silver coins were mainly minted at that time, more and more silver was mined and refined, and the mint industry once became the most dynamic industry at that time.
【藏品名稱】：鷹洋幣
[collection name]: Yingyang coin
【類別】：錢幣
Class: Coins
1810年，墨西哥獨立后，仍然鑄造、流通以里亞爾為單位的銀幣及金盾。直到1823年，獨立戰爭結束2年以后，墨西哥鑄造的8里亞爾銀幣上開始刻上墨西哥國徽上雄鷹的圖案。1863年，墨西哥開始采用十進位制的硬幣，并開始流通。19世紀末，8里亞爾的銀幣被1比索代替，但是，基本特征，尤其是雄鷹的圖案保留下來。
After Mexico's independence in 1810, silver coins and gold shields were still minted and circulated in rials. It was not until 1823, two years after the end of the war of independence, that the silver coin of 8 rials struck in Mexico began to bear the design of the eagle on the national emblem of Mexico. In 1863, Mexico began to use decimal coins and began to circulate them. At the end of the 19th century, the silver coins of 8 rials were replaced by 1 peso, but the basic features, especially the design of the eagle, remained.
1840年，鴉片戰爭后，中國淪為半封建半殖民地社會，英美等帝國主義國家乘機在中國設立銀行，利用發行紙幣、銀元等方式對我國的進行經濟侵略，而墨西哥、西班牙等一些資本主義國家也不甘落后，遠洋而來，搶占和瓜分中國市場。當時流入中國的外國銀元英國的“杖洋”、日本的“龍洋”等。而流入中國最多的銀元是西班牙的“本洋”，后來才是墨西哥的“鷹洋”。
In 1840, after the Opium War, China was reduced to a semi feudal and semi colonial society. Britain and the United States and other imperialist countries took the opportunity to set up banks in China and made economic aggression against China by issuing notes, silver dollars and other means. However, some capitalist countries, such as Mexico and Spain, were not willing to lag behind and came from afar to seize and carve up the Chinese market. At that time, foreign silver dollars flowed into China, such as "stick ocean" of Britain and "dragon ocean" of Japan. The largest inflow of silver into China was the Spanish "Benyang" and later the Mexican "Yingyang".
此枚鷹洋幣，銀元正面是一張翅雄鷹，嘴叼長蛇（蛇尾與鷹翅相連），單腿立在仙人掌（國花）上，邊緣上方書西班牙文“REPUBLICAMEXICANA(墨西哥共和國)”。錢幣背面中央鈐有一頂帽，帽周圍放射長短不一的32支光柱（代表全國31個州和1個聯邦區），自由帽頂部的3支光柱中間一支較短。自由帽下邊緣有11支光柱。邊緣下半方分別鑄有1個裝飾“五角星”、“8R”、字母“M”、“1867”（鑄造年分），此錢幣包漿入骨，品相上乘，乃不可多得之珍品。
On the obverse of the silver dollar is a winged eagle with a long snake in its mouth (the tail of the snake is connected with the wings of the Eagle). It stands on a cactus (national flower) with one leg. On the top of the edge is the Spanish "republicana". On the back of the coin, there is a cap with 32 light pillars (representing 31 states and 1 Federal District) of different lengths around the cap, and one of the three light pillars on the top of the free cap is shorter. There are 11 light columns on the lower edge of the free hat. In the lower half of the margin, there is a decorated pentagram, 8R, m and 1867 (the year of casting). The coins are of high quality and are rare.
古代印第安阿茲特加人受到部落神的啟示，在雄鷹叼著蛇，站在仙人掌上的地方建立家園。直到現在，墨西哥鑄造的所有硬幣上都刻著這樣的國徽圖案。當時，帶有雄鷹圖案的銀幣，由于成色極佳，流入中國后，成為市場通貨，民間稱之為“鷹洋”。“鷹洋”的傳奇故事，不僅表現了墨西哥的鑄幣藝術，更重要的是人類之間友好往來的一個例證。鑄幣史，其實是一個國家、民族的文化的一部分，也是人類文明的重要組成部分。
Inspired by the tribal gods, the ancient aztecans built their homes in the place where Eagles held snakes and stood on cacti. Until now, all coins made in Mexico have such a national emblem on them. At that time, silver coins with Eagle pattern became the market currency after entering China due to their excellent quality, which was called "Yingyang" by the people. The legend of "Yingyang" not only shows the coinage art of Mexico, but also an example of friendly exchanges between human beings. The history of coinage is actually a part of the culture of a country and a nation, and also an important part of human civilization.
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