香爐是古人的焚香用具，千百年來，在我國民間廣為流傳。自上個世紀90年代，繼宜興紫砂壺之后，宣德爐成為藝術品市場新寵。中國臺灣、中國香港、新加坡、日本等地的收藏者競相高價收購，價格高達幾十萬元甚至上百萬元，比上世紀六七十年代上漲了千余倍。
Incense burner is an ancient incense burner. It has been widely used in China for thousands of years. Since the 1990s, Xuande stove has become a new favorite in the art market after Yixing Zisha pot. Collectors in Taiwan, Hong Kong, Singapore, Japan and other places competed to buy at high prices, with prices of hundreds of thousands or even millions of yuan, more than a thousand times higher than in the 1960s and 1970s.
宣德爐，為明朝宣德年間創制的焚香之爐，通常用于陵墓、寺廟及權勢之家燒香，拜佛、祭祖神。明朝300年間，制作了不可勝數的器物，可稱上乘之作。宣德爐作為其中的一種，可謂前無所師法，后無能為繼，不愧為天地間一精美絕倫的古董，是我國古代工智慧和藝術的結晶。不管是收藏價值還是本身的欣賞價值都是難得的珍品。關于宣德爐的來歷，有史記載宣德皇帝在位時，傳說宮內的佛殿失火，金銀、銅像都混成液體。又傳說是佛典起火，金銀珠寶與銅都燒結在一起，于是宣德皇帝命令將其鑄成銅爐。宣德皇帝詢問鑄工說，銅煉幾次才能精純?鑄工回答說用六火煉銅，就會現出珠寶的光彩。于是宣德皇帝命令煉十二火，把銅做成條。再用赤火熔化銅條，置于鋼鐵制成的篩格上，把先滴下的最精純的選取出來制成爐，把仍存于篩格上的取出來制成其他的器物。
Xuande furnace, a furnace for burning incense created in Xuande period of Ming Dynasty, is usually used for burning incense in mausoleums, temples and powerful houses, worshiping Buddha and ancestor gods. During the 300 years of the Ming Dynasty, countless artifacts were made, which can be called excellent works. Xuande stove, as one of them, can be described as a perfect antique between heaven and earth. It is the crystallization of ancient Chinese industrial wisdom and art. Both the collection value and the appreciation value are rare treasures. As for the origin of Xuande furnace, it is recorded in history that when Emperor Xuande was in power, it was said that the Buddhist temple in the palace was on fire, and gold, silver and bronze statues were mixed into liquid. It is also said that Buddha's code set fire, gold, silver, jewelry and copper were all sintered together, so emperor Xuande ordered them to be cast into copper furnaces. Emperor Xuande asked the foundry workers how many times can copper be refined and pure? The foundry replied that if six fires were used to refine copper, the luster of jewelry would appear. So emperor Xuande ordered twelve fires to be smelted and copper made into strips. Then melt the copper bar with red fire, put it on the screen made of iron and steel, select the purest one to be made into a furnace, and take the one still on the screen to be made into other utensils.
宣德爐，為明朝宣德年間創制的焚香之爐，通常用于陵墓、寺廟及權勢之家燒香，拜佛、祭祖神。明朝300年間，制作了不可勝數的器物，可稱上乘之作。宣德爐作為其中的一種，可謂前無所師法，后無能為繼，不愧為天地間一精美絕倫的古董，是我國古代工智慧和藝術的結晶。不管是收藏價值還是本身的欣賞價值都是難得的珍品。關于宣德爐的來歷，有史記載宣德皇帝在位時，傳說宮內的佛殿失火，金銀、銅像都混成液體。又傳說是佛典起火，金銀珠寶與銅都燒結在一起，于是宣德皇帝命令將其鑄成銅爐。宣德皇帝詢問鑄工說，銅煉幾次才能精純?鑄工回答說用六火煉銅，就會現出珠寶的光彩。于是宣德皇帝命令煉十二火，把銅做成條。再用赤火熔化銅條，置于鋼鐵制成的篩格上，把先滴下的最精純的選取出來制成爐，把仍存于篩格上的取出來制成其他的器物。 傳世的宣德爐很少很少，且價格為天文數字，非常昂貴。因此，各朝歷代都紛紛仿制，如今很多仿品充斥市場，無論到哪個舊貨市場或古玩店，均可見到"大明宣德年制"款的宣德爐，然而如果想從這里找到真宣德爐簡直是大海撈針，但事物不是絕對的，河里總會有魚，也許我們會在某個古董攤上遇到真品，那么你如何斷定它的真偽?這就需要你掌握一些鑒定知識。其實古玩中最容易鑒別的就是宣德爐，因為真偽之間相差太懸殊了，通常認為不易鑒別的，是因為沒有見過真的宣德爐，一旦見過真的宣德爐，真假優良一目了然。 鑒別時，首先要知道真宣德爐選用的是一種風磨銅。反復提煉，同時銅中加入金、銀等貴金屬，這樣，愈燒愈純，金銀等貴金屬便浮于表面，輕輕擦拭，便泛出光澤，所以說銅質非常精細，而作假者不知其內加入金銀等貴金屬，不了解其比例，因此從銅質上能鑒別真偽，須看宣德爐底、足，露銅精者為真，粗劣者為假。
Xuande furnace, a furnace for burning incense created in Xuande period of Ming Dynasty, is usually used for burning incense in mausoleums, temples and powerful houses, worshiping Buddha and ancestor gods. During the 300 years of the Ming Dynasty, countless artifacts were made, which can be called excellent works. Xuande stove, as one of them, can be described as a perfect antique between heaven and earth. It is the crystallization of ancient Chinese industrial wisdom and art. Both the collection value and the appreciation value are rare treasures. As for the origin of Xuande furnace, it is recorded in history that when Emperor Xuande was in power, it was said that the Buddhist temple in the palace was on fire, and gold, silver and bronze statues were mixed into liquid. It is also said that Buddha's code set fire, gold, silver, jewelry and copper were all sintered together, so emperor Xuande ordered them to be cast into copper furnaces. Emperor Xuande asked the foundry workers how many times can copper be refined and pure? The foundry replied that if six fires were used to refine copper, the luster of jewelry would appear. So emperor Xuande ordered twelve fires to be smelted and copper made into strips. Then melt the copper bar with red fire, put it on the screen made of iron and steel, select the purest one to be made into a furnace, and take the one still on the screen to be made into other utensils. There are few Xuande furnaces passed down, and the price is astronomical and very expensive. Therefore, many imitations have been made in the past dynasties. Nowadays, many imitations have flooded the market. No matter which used goods market or antique shop you go to, you can see the Xuande stove of "Daming Xuande year system". However, if you want to find the real Xuande stove here, it's like looking for a needle in a haystack, but things are not absolute. There will always be fish in the river. Maybe we will meet the real thing at an antique stall. How do you break it Determine its authenticity? This requires you to master some identification knowledge. In fact, the easiest thing to identify in antiques is Xuande furnace, because the difference between the true and the false is too great. It is generally considered that it is not easy to identify because there is no real Xuande furnace. Once you see the real Xuande furnace, the true and the false are excellent at a glance. In identification, we should first know that zhenxuande furnace is a kind of wind ground copper. At the same time, gold, silver and other precious metals are added to the copper. In this way, the more pure the copper is, the gold, silver and other precious metals will float on the surface. If you wipe them gently, the copper will shine. Therefore, the copper is very fine. The forger does not know the proportion of the gold, silver and other precious metals. Therefore, the forger can identify the true and false from the copper quality. It is necessary to see that the bottom and feet of Xuande furnace are true, and the exposed copper essence is true, while the crude is true False.
宣德爐的特色:一是原料多，除銅之外，還有金、銀等貴重材料加入，所以爐質特別細膩，呈暗紫色或黑褐色。二是煉次繁，一般爐料要經四煉，而宣德爐要經十二煉，因此爐質會更加純細，如嬰兒膚。第二，真爐色澤蘊藏于內，映出黯淡奇光，燦爛自然、柔和;而偽者照于外表，非自然生成。第三，真假宣德爐不管是圓形還是方型，也不管是陶耳，還是橋耳、半環耳，相同型者，輕浮者為假，渾厚古樸者為真。第四，真宣德爐的款識有一、二、四、六字款，如"宣"、"宣德"、"宣德年制"或"大明宣德年制"楷書款，結構嚴謹，字體規整;而假宣德爐一般為"大明宣德年制"的六款，隨意書者為多，字體不規整。第五，鎏金或散鎏金宣德爐真者，金水很厚，呈黃中閃白色;假者，金水薄，不均勻，顯輕浮?？傊聽t最奇妙處在于色彩。偽造的宣德爐色彩炫于外表，真的宣德爐色彩融于內質，從黯淡中放出奇妙的光澤，如同美麗的女子，其肌膚柔滑細膩，惹人撫弄。宣德爐放在火上燒久了，色彩燦爛多變，如果長時間放在火上即使扔在污泥中，拭去泥污，也與從前-樣，偽造的宣德爐，即使用火培養數十年，一旦脫火，則形容枯
Features of Xuande furnace: first, there are many raw materials, in addition to copper, there are precious materials such as gold and silver added, so the furnace quality is particularly delicate, dark purple or dark brown. The second is the secondary refining. Generally, the burden of the furnace needs to be refined four times, while the Xuande furnace needs to be refined twelve times, so the quality of the furnace will be more pure and fine, such as baby skin. Second, the color of the real stove is contained in the interior, reflecting the dark and strange light, bright and natural, soft; while the fake one shines on the exterior, which is not naturally generated. Third, the true and false Xuande stove, whether it is round or square, whether it is pottery ear, bridge ear or half ring ear, the same type, the frivolous one is false, the thick and simple one is true. Fourth, there are one, two, four and six words in the real Xuande stove, such as "Xuande", "Xuande", "Xuande Nianzhi" or "Daming Xuande Nianzhi" regular script. The structure is rigorous, and the font is regular; while the false Xuande stove is generally the six words of "Daming Xuande Nianzhi", and there are many random books, and the font is irregular. Fifth, the gold-plated or scattered gold-plated Xuande stove is true. The gold water is very thick, yellow and shiny white. The false one is thin, uneven and frivolous. In a word, the most wonderful thing about Xuande stove is the color. The fake Xuande stove color dazzles in the appearance, the real Xuande stove color melts in the internal quality, and emits the wonderful luster from the gloom, just like the beautiful woman, whose skin is soft, delicate and touching. Xuande furnace has been on fire for a long time, and its color is brilliant and changeable. If it is on fire for a long time, even if it is thrown into the mud and the mud is wiped off, it will be the same as the fake Xuande furnace. That is to say, it has been cultivated by fire for decades. Once it is off fire, it will be described as dry
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