古錢幣是一個(gè)國家前史中構(gòu)成的主要部分，其特定的前史時(shí)期在錢幣史上占有著主要的位置，它不僅代表著近代我國的錢銀文明，并且反映了我國近代前史、經(jīng)濟(jì)、金融的興衰和滄桑，具有很高的藝術(shù)觀賞價(jià)值和文物價(jià)值。古錢幣中銀元一直是一大熱點(diǎn)。因?yàn)殂y元原料寶貴，藝術(shù)價(jià)值高。同時(shí)，銀幣制造量比古錢和民國紙幣少得多，加上清末、民國戰(zhàn)亂連連等要素，一些較寶貴的銀元種類存世量已稀疏。其中就包括“孫小頭”。
Ancient coins are the main part of a country's prehistory. Their specific prehistory period occupies a major position in the history of coins. It not only represents the modern Chinese civilization of money and silver, but also reflects the rise and fall of modern Chinese prehistory, economy and finance, with high artistic and cultural value. Silver dollar has always been a hot spot in ancient coins. Because silver dollar raw materials are precious and artistic value is high. At the same time, the production of silver coins is much less than that of ancient money and paper money of the Republic of China. In addition to the elements of the late Qing Dynasty and the war and chaos of the Republic of China, some valuable silver coins have been sparsely preserved. Including "sun xiaotou".
【藏品名稱】：中華民國開國紀(jì)念幣壹圓
[collection name]: one yuan of commemorative coins of the founding of the Republic of China
【類別】：錢幣
Class: Coins
在中國近代史的發(fā)展歷程中，出現(xiàn)了許多歷史性的英雄人物。其中，于19世紀(jì)早期推翻滿清封建君主專制統(tǒng)治、結(jié)束長達(dá)兩千多年封建帝制的孫中山先生，成為近代社會(huì)發(fā)展過程中一位具有舉足輕重地位的歷史人物。孫中山先生不僅在政治上為中國做出了極大的貢獻(xiàn)，而且在經(jīng)濟(jì)上也為中國的發(fā)展描繪了宏偉的藍(lán)圖，是近代歷史上民主革命思想的先行者。
In the development of modern Chinese history, there are many historical heroes. Among them, in the early 19th century, Sun Yat Sen, who overthrew the autocratic rule of the feudal monarchy of the Manchu Dynasty and ended the feudal monarchy for more than 2000 years, became a historical figure with a pivotal position in the development of modern society. Dr. Sun Yat Sen not only made great contributions to China politically, but also drew a grand blueprint for China's development economically. He was the forerunner of democratic revolutionary thought in modern history.
1911年12月29日，經(jīng)辛亥革命后，已光復(fù)的17省代表在南京推選孫中山為臨時(shí)大總統(tǒng)。1912年1月3日，中華民國政府宣告成立，清朝滅亡，在中國持續(xù)2000多年的封建君主專制隨之結(jié)束。民國成立時(shí)，由于幣制尚未建立，除四川改鑄大漢銀幣，福建改鑄中華元寶外，主要的造幣廠，大都仍沿用前清鋼模鑄造銀幣，以供流通需要。
On December 29, 1911, after the revolution of 1911, 17 provincial representatives who had recovered elected Sun Yat-sen as the temporary president of Nanjing. On January 3, 1912, the government of the Republic of China was founded and the Qing Dynasty was destroyed. The feudal autocracy which lasted for more than 2000 years in China ended. When the Republic of China was founded, because the currency system had not yet been established, except for the silver coins of Dahan in Sichuan and Zhonghua Yuanbao in Fujian, most of the major mints still used the steel mould of the former Qing Dynasty to cast silver coins for circulation.
圖案采用大總統(tǒng)孫中山肖像，以后的通用銀幣再改花紋式樣。孫中山令財(cái)政部行文，同意鼓鑄紀(jì)念幣，并命令其余的通用銀幣新花紋，“中間應(yīng)繪五谷模型，取豐歲足民之義，垂勸農(nóng)務(wù)本之規(guī)”，訓(xùn)令財(cái)政部速制新模，分令各省造幣廠照式鼓鑄。不久，財(cái)政部就頒下新模給江南(南京)、湖北、廣東等造幣廠依式鑄造，這就是“中華民國孫中山像開國紀(jì)念幣”的由來。
The design adopts the portrait of Sun Yat-sen, the great president, and later the general silver coin changes the pattern. Sun Yat-sen ordered the Ministry of finance to write, agreed to drum cast commemorative coins, and ordered the rest of the general silver coins to have new patterns, "in the middle, a model of five grains should be drawn, taking the meaning of the rich, the old and the people, and following the rules of urging the farmers to do business", ordered the Ministry of finance to quickly make new patterns, and ordered the mints of all provinces to drum cast according to the patterns. Soon after, the Ministry of Finance issued a new model to Jiangnan (Nanjing), Hubei, Guangdong and other mints, which was the origin of "the founding commemorative coins of Sun Yat Sen of the Republic of China".
孫中山像中華民國開國紀(jì)念幣壹圓下五星版(簡稱:孫中山開國紀(jì)念幣下五星)一枚，PCGS MS64，下五角星版，1912年造，打制深峻，底板光潔，完美無瑕，拍賣成交價(jià)格68400元。此幣正面中央為孫中山側(cè)面肖像，邊緣上鐫中文隸書體“中華民國”4字，下鐫“開國紀(jì)念幣”5字，左右為長枝花飾。背面中央為中央隸書體“壹圓”及嘉禾，邊緣英文“中華民國”、“壹圓”，左右偏下分列五角星。1912年開國紀(jì)念幣下五星版在袁世凱竊取大總統(tǒng)后即停鑄，因時(shí)間短暫，流用不多，尤顯珍貴。
Sun Yat Sen is like a five-star version under the one yuan commemorative coin of the founding of the Republic of China (hereinafter referred to as the five-star version under the Sun Yat Sen commemorative coin), PCGs ms64, the five-star version under the five-star version, made in 1912, with a deep and precipitous production, a smooth and flawless bottom plate, and an auction price of 68400 yuan. In the center of the obverse, there is a portrait of Sun Yat-sen on the side. On the edge, there are four characters of the Chinese official script "Republic of China" and five characters of "Founding commemorative coins", with long branches and flowers on the left and right. In the center of the back is the central clerical style "Yiyuan" and Jiahe, with the edge of "Republic of China" and "Yiyuan" in English, with five stars at the bottom left and right. In 1912, the five-star version of the founding commemorative coin stopped casting after Yuan Shikai stole the president. Because of the short time, it was rarely used, especially precious.
孫中山開國紀(jì)念銀幣，俗稱“孫小頭”，是第一枚將大總統(tǒng)頭像替換皇家龍圖的國幣，這意味著宣告清王朝統(tǒng)治的結(jié)束，中國從此進(jìn)入共和制的新紀(jì)年。此外，幣面鐫刻中英文字，意在告知外國人，中國新的開放時(shí)代來臨。在集藏領(lǐng)域，向來對重大歷史事件高度敏感的金銀幣收藏市場，會(huì)賦予藏品獨(dú)特的價(jià)值，它的行情也會(huì)順勢火爆。
Sun Yat Sen's commemorative silver coin, commonly known as "sun xiaotou", is the first national coin to replace the head of the great president with the Royal Longtu, which means to declare the end of the Qing Dynasty, and China has entered a new era of republicanism since then. In addition, Chinese and English characters are engraved on the coin to inform foreigners that China's new open era is coming. In the collection field, the gold and silver coin collection market, which has always been highly sensitive to major historical events, will give unique value to the collection, and its market will be booming.
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