中華民族歷史悠久、民族眾多、疆域廣大、政權(quán)林立。其貨幣發(fā)展歷程長、演變大、各時代遺留下的錢幣實物浩如瀚海。其種類之多、形制之煩、數(shù)量之大、分布之廣，在世界貨幣史上也是絕無僅有的，從商代的貝幣、戰(zhàn)國的刀、布幣，秦代的方孔圓錢，到清末的機制幣，數(shù)以萬計千姿百態(tài)的古錢幣構(gòu)成了當(dāng)今錢幣收藏領(lǐng)域中最為龐大的收藏門類，吸引了無數(shù)愛好、收藏和研究者。千百年來，古錢幣歷經(jīng)滄桑，存世數(shù)量越來越少，投資價值日益升高，近十年來，古錢幣市場行情一路走高，特別是一些中高端古錢幣十分搶手。古錢幣的價格是由存世量、藝術(shù)價值和歷史價值判斷的，而且隨著市場供需關(guān)系的變化而產(chǎn)生不同程度的波動。
The Chinese nation has a long history, many nationalities, vast territory and numerous political power. Its currency has a long history of development and evolution, and the material objects left over from various times are vast. It is unique in the history of world currency for its variety, shape, quantity and wide distribution. From the shell coin of Shang Dynasty, the knife and cloth coin of Warring States period, the square hole and round coin of Qin Dynasty, to the mechanism coin of late Qing Dynasty, tens of thousands of ancient coins of various shapes constitute the largest collection category in the field of money coin collection, attracting numerous hobbies, collectors and researchers. For thousands of years, ancient coins have gone through vicissitudes, the number of surviving coins is less and less, and the investment value is increasing day by day. In the past decade, the market of ancient coins has gone all the way up, especially some middle and high-end ancient coins are very popular. The price of ancient coins is determined by the amount of money, artistic value and historical value, and fluctuates with the change of market supply and demand.
【藏品名稱】：咸豐重寶當(dāng)十
[collection name]: Xianfeng treasure ten
【類別】：錢幣
Class: Coins
中國幣制的演變發(fā)展歷經(jīng)風(fēng)雨，清代咸豐朝是我國歷史上繼王莽之后，又一幣制混亂時期。咸豐統(tǒng)治時期，正是大清王朝的多事之秋，內(nèi)有太平天國運動興起，外有英法聯(lián)軍步步侵略，然而清政府稅收猛減，餉需繁重，銅路梗塞，國庫空虛，更是雪上添霜。《光緒順天府志》載：“咸豐三年，軍旅數(shù)起，餉需支拙，東南道路梗阻，滇銅不至，刑部尚書周祖培，大理寺卿恒春，御史蔡紹洛先后條陳錢法，請改鑄大錢，以充度支”。咸豐帝令戶部落實鑄大錢之議，于咸豐三年(1853年)五月，先鑄當(dāng)十錢一種，錢文“咸豐重寶”，重量六錢，規(guī)定與制錢相輔而行。此后鑄大錢之舉一發(fā)不可收，蔓及全國29個鑄錢局，自此錢法大亂。
The evolution and development of China's currency system experienced wind and rain. The Xianfeng Dynasty in Qing Dynasty was another period of currency system chaos after Wang Mang in China's history. During the reign of Xianfeng, it was the eventful autumn of the Qing Dynasty. There was the rise of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom movement inside and the invasion of the British and French allied forces outside. However, the tax revenue of the Qing government was sharply reduced, the payment was heavy, the copper road was blocked, the Treasury was empty, and the snow added frost. In the three years of Xianfeng, there were several military brigades, which were hard to pay, the roads in the southeast were blocked, Yunnan copper was not available, Zhou Zupei, the Minister of the Ministry of punishment, Qing Hengchun, Dali temple, and CAI shaoluo, the imperial history, successively wrote about the money method. Please change the money to make it sufficient. In May 1853, Emperor Xianfeng ordered the tribes to make a large amount of money. The money was first made into ten kinds of money. The money was written as "Xianfeng treasure" with six coins in weight. The regulations were in line with the money making. Since then, the practice of making large sums of money has been uncollectible. Man and 29 money casting bureaus across the country have been involved. Since then, the money method has been in chaos.
繼咸豐“當(dāng)十”錢出籠后，當(dāng)年即先后增鑄“當(dāng)五十”、“當(dāng)百”、“當(dāng)五百”、“當(dāng)千”四種大錢;次年又馬不停蹄地接著鼓鑄其它較小面額的制錢，從而迅速形成了由“當(dāng)四”到“當(dāng)千”14品大錢組成的幣值格局。總體而言，咸豐大錢版式之復(fù)雜，為歷朝所罕見，馬定祥父子和徐淵先生編寫的《咸豐泉匯》一書，共刊載不同版別咸豐方孔錢4000余種，且還不包括散落在民間收藏者手中不同版別的咸豐錢。《東華錄》載：“當(dāng)五百與當(dāng)千大錢于咸豐四年二月始鑄，然大錢一出，盜鑄蜂起，雖禁以棄市之律，不能止，不得不逐步停鑄，乃于同年七月即停鑄收回當(dāng)五百當(dāng)千大錢，并不能行用矣”。可見當(dāng)五百當(dāng)千大錢因民間通行不暢，貶值嚴(yán)重而減少鑄額。直到咸豐九年(1859年)，清政府不得不徹底停鑄大錢，并把咸豐當(dāng)五十以上大錢兌換回收，不再流通。是謂咸豐大錢版式紛雜卻鑄額不多，其祖錢，母錢及樣錢，均為極難得之物。
After Xianfeng's "Dangshi" money came out, four kinds of big money were successively cast in that year, namely, "Dang 50", "Dang 100", "Dang 500" and "Dang 1000"; the following year, other small denominations of money were continuously cast, which quickly formed a currency value pattern composed of 14 big money products from "Dang 4" to "Dang 1000". Generally speaking, the format of Xianfeng big money is complex, which is rare in the past dynasties. The book "Xianfeng spring collection" written by Ma Dingxiang, his father and his son, and Mr. Xu Yuan published more than 4000 kinds of Xianfeng square hole money in different editions, and it does not include the different editions of Xianfeng money scattered in the hands of folk collectors. "Donghualu" records: "when five hundred and one thousand big money were cast in February of the fourth year of Xianfeng, however, when the big money came out, the stolen casting started. Although the law of abandoning the market was forbidden, it could not stop, and had to stop casting gradually, but in July of the same year, the casting stopped to recover five hundred and one thousand big money, which could not be used.". It can be seen that when five hundred thousand yuan is not accessible to the people and the depreciation is serious, the casting amount will be reduced. Until the ninth year of Xianfeng (1859), the Qing government had to completely stop casting big money, and exchange it for more than 50 big money and recycle it. It is said that the format of Xianfeng big money is miscellaneous but the amount of money cast is not much. Its ancestor money, mother money and sample money are very rare.
咸豐朝所鑄大錢非常有名，是中國古錢幣的一朵奇葩，精美絕倫，被泉學(xué)名家孫仲匯先生譽為“清錢之王”，極具欣賞價值。且對研究中國乃至世界鑄幣史和金融史具有非常特殊的意義。此枚咸豐重寶當(dāng)十銅元，是圓形方孔銅質(zhì)錢幣，為難得一見的珍品古錢。正面鑄有楷書“咸豐重寶”四字，從上而下而右而左直讀;錢背上下寫有漢文“當(dāng)十”二字標(biāo)明幣值，左右用滿文寫有錢局的名稱。正面圓形方孔的銅幣，其形狀外發(fā)天，內(nèi)地法，取義精宏。觀其圖，造型圓潤端莊，字跡清晰深俊，包漿渾厚溫潤，是難得一見之收藏佳品!
Xianfeng Dynasty is very famous for its large amount of money, which is a wonderful flower of ancient Chinese coins. It is extremely beautiful. It is praised as "the king of Qing Dynasty" by Mr. Sun Zhonghui, a famous spring scholar, and has great appreciation value. It is of special significance to study the history of coinage and finance in China and even in the world. It is a round square hole copper coin. It is a rare treasure. On the obverse, there are four characters of regular script "Xianfeng chongbao", which are read directly from top to bottom, right and left; on the back of Qian, there are two characters of "Dangshi" in Chinese, which indicate the value of currency, and on the left and right, there are Manchu characters for the name of the Bureau of wealth. The copper coin with a round square hole on the obverse has the shape of an outer heaven and the interior method, which takes the meaning of Jinghong. Looking at the picture, it has a round and dignified shape, clear and deep handwriting, thick and warm pulp, which is a rare collection!
“咸豐重寶當(dāng)十銅元”以其諸多特色吸引著古錢幣愛好者，甚至于不懂古錢幣的“圈外人士”都因其具有其它錢幣的不可比擬的魅力而被折服。由于咸豐當(dāng)十錢幣屬于大型古錢幣，而且具有多局、多版、多字體、多紋記、多材質(zhì)等奇異特點，不僅深受古泉愛好者們的寵愛，更是專家學(xué)者們爭相研究的絕好對象，真可謂風(fēng)華絕代，一時無兩。這枚咸豐重寶當(dāng)十銅元雖已飽經(jīng)百年歷史的風(fēng)霜洗禮，幣面卻無太大的磨損，品相很好，十分精致，是當(dāng)十錢幣里的精品。價值不菲，值得收藏。
"Ten copper yuan of Xianfeng heavy treasure" attracts ancient coin lovers with its many characteristics, even "people outside the circle" who don't understand ancient coins are admired for their incomparable charm of other coins. As xianfengdangshi coins belong to large-scale ancient coins, and have many unique features such as multiple places, multiple editions, multiple fonts, multiple patterns, and multiple materials, they are not only favored by ancient spring lovers, but also the best object for experts and scholars to study. It is really unique and unique. Although the ten copper coins of Xianfeng heavy treasure have been baptised by the wind and frost of a hundred years, there is not much wear on the coin surface. It is of good appearance and exquisite quality, which is the best of the ten coins. It's worth collecting.
