青銅器的修復與保護由于金屬類文物的修復保護技術基本相同，青銅器修復保護技術在金屬類文物中比較全面，而且青銅器占金屬文物中的比例最高，所以本文以青銅器的修復保護為主全面系統的介紹青銅器修復保護技術，大家可從中借鑒其它文物的修復保護方法。
Bronze repair and protection due to metal have the same kind of protection of cultural relics of the repair technology, bronze repair protection technology in metal type of cultural relics is comprehensive, and the highest percentage of the bronze ware of metal cultural relic, so this article is given priority to with bronze repair protect systemic introduced bronze repair protection technology, we can draw lessons from other protection of cultural relics of the repair methods.
在人類歷史上曾經歷了一段漫長的青銅時代，這是一個以青銅制造工具、用具和武器為特征的人類物質文明發展階段。所謂青銅是：銅與錫或鉛等元素按一定比例熔鑄而成的合金，以銅為主，顏色呈青，故名青銅。
There has been a long period of Bronze Age in human history, which is a period of material civilization development characterized by the manufacture of tools, utensils and weapons in bronze. The so-called bronze is: copper and tin or lead and other elements according to a certain proportion of cast alloy, mainly copper, color is blue, named bronze.
此青銅美人魚擺件先以泥制模，雕塑成美人魚圖案，陰干后再經燒制，使青銅器 其成為母模，然后再以母模制泥范，同樣陰干燒制成陶范，熔化合金，將合金澆注入陶范范腔里成器，脫范后再經清理、打磨加工后即為青銅美人魚成品。
This bronze mermaid furnishing articles to clay molding first, sculpture into a mermaid design, air-dried again after the fire, make bronze ware the master pattern, then to master pattern NiFan, air-dried fired into same pottery mould, melt alloy, the alloy pouring into TaoFanFan cavity inside out, to take off the fan after again after cleaning, polishing and processing is the bronze mermaid finished product.
根據從古代青銅作坊遺址發掘出的實物，再結合青銅器的外形分析，專家認為，中國古代青銅器絕大部分是采用范式鑄造方法制作的。
According to the real objects excavated from the ancient bronze workshop site and the appearance analysis of the bronze ware, experts believe that most of the ancient bronze ware in China was made by the normal form casting method.
器物一次澆鑄成形的鑄造方式，稱為渾鑄法。器形過大或形狀過于復雜，需要將整個器物分為數件分別翻范澆鑄，最后拼接成一個整體，這種鑄造方法稱為分鑄法。鑄造多個較小物件時，還會將多個鑄范層疊裝在一起，由一個澆口澆注銅水，一次鑄成多件器物，這種工藝稱為疊鑄法。疊鑄法多用于鑄造錢幣等小型器物，出現于春秋時期，漢代時逐漸流行。
The casting method of one - time casting is called muddy casting. If the shape of the vessel is too large or too complex, it is necessary to divide the whole vessel into several parts and cast them separately, and finally assemble them into a whole. This casting method is called split casting. When casting multiple smaller objects, multiple moulds are also stacked together and cast into multiple objects at one time by pouring copper water from one gate, a process known as overcasting. The method of overlapping casting was mainly used for casting COINS and other small implements. It appeared in the spring and autumn period and became popular in the han dynasty.
