元青花瓷器是我國(guó)瓷器的瑰寶，雖然早在唐宋時(shí)期，就出現(xiàn)過青花瓷，但都是秋紅壹瞥，沒有成為主流，直到元朝，由於打通了中西方通道，中東地區(qū)對(duì)白地藍(lán)花瓷器的需求和優(yōu)質(zhì)青花彩繪原料大量進(jìn)口到中國(guó)，景德鎮(zhèn)地區(qū)才真正生產(chǎn)出了優(yōu)質(zhì)的青花瓷器，這批瓷器由於歷史上缺乏記載，被埋沒多年。直到英美學(xué)者波普和霍布遜發(fā)現(xiàn)了英國(guó)大維德爵士收藏的壹對(duì)青花雲(yún)龍紋象耳瓶上的元至正十壹年銘文，並對(duì)照排比出收藏於伊朗和土耳其的壹批青花瓷為元青花，後被國(guó)內(nèi)學(xué)者命名為至正型，元青花瓷器才真正被世人發(fā)現(xiàn)和認(rèn)知。
Yuan blue and white porcelain is the treasure of China's porcelain. Although blue and white porcelain appeared as early as Tang and Song Dynasties, it was a glimpse of autumn and red, which did not become the mainstream. Until the Yuan Dynasty, due to the opening of the Chinese and Western channels, the Middle East's demand for white blue and white porcelain and high-quality blue and white painting materials were imported to China in large quantities, Jingdezhen region really produced high-quality blue and white porcelain. These porcelain Due to the lack of records in history, utensils have been buried for many years. It was not until the British and American scholars Pope and Hobson discovered the inscriptions on a pair of blue and white cloud dragon like earrings collected by Lord David of England, and compared a group of blue and white porcelain collected in Iran and Turkey as Yuan blue and white, which was later named as Zhi Zheng by domestic scholars, that Yuan blue and white porcelain was really discovered and recognized by the world.
元青花瓷開辟了由素瓷向彩瓷過渡的新時(shí)代，其富麗雄渾、畫風(fēng)豪放，繪畫層次繁多，與中華民族傳統(tǒng)的審美情趣大相徑庭，實(shí)在是中國(guó)陶瓷史上的壹朵奇葩，同時(shí)也使景德鎮(zhèn)壹躍成為中世紀(jì)世界制瓷業(yè)的中心。
Yuan blue and white porcelain ushered in a new era of transition from plain porcelain to colored porcelain. It is rich and vigorous, with bold style and various levels of painting, which is quite different from the traditional aesthetic taste of the Chinese nation. It is really a wonderful flower in the history of Chinese ceramics. At the same time, it also makes Jingdezhen become the center of the world porcelain industry in the middle ages.
元代隨著國(guó)內(nèi)外貿(mào)易的發(fā)展需要，中國(guó)瓷業(yè)較宋代又有更大的進(jìn)步，景德鎮(zhèn)窯成功的燒制出青花瓷器。青花瓷的普遍出現(xiàn)和趨於成熟，產(chǎn)銷興旺，元人蔣祁著《陶計(jì)略》(記元代景德鎮(zhèn)瓷業(yè)情況的唯壹書籍)中記述:“窯火既歇， 商爭(zhēng)取售，而上者擇焉，謂之撿密。交易之際，牙儈主之...，運(yùn)器入河，肩夫執(zhí)券，次第件具，以憑商籌，謂之非子。”
With the development of domestic and foreign trade in Yuan Dynasty, China's porcelain industry made greater progress than that in Song Dynasty. Jingdezhen kiln successfully produced blue and white porcelain. The appearance and maturity of blue and white porcelain are common, and the production and marketing are prosperous. In the book "ceramic strategy" (the only book about the porcelain industry in Jingdezhen of Yuan Dynasty), Jiang Qi, a native of Yuan Dynasty, recorded that "the kiln fire is stopped, and the merchants strive to sell it, while the top one chooses Yan, which is called" collecting secrets ". At the time of trading, when the executioner... Transports the tools into the river, the shoulder husband holds the voucher, and the second piece of equipment, to raise money by business, it is called "non son"
此蓋罐，唇口，束頸，以青花海水紋、寶圖紋勾勒口沿、頸、肩。輔首相對(duì)稱，罐腹施霽藍(lán)釉，云龍施青白釉，兩種釉色對(duì)比鮮明、強(qiáng)烈。主紋刻劃龍騰水中，龍為四爪，似刀。巨龍威武、雄壯、悍猛，頗有叱咤風(fēng)云之勢(shì)。此器造型威武不凡，釉色凈潤(rùn)，紋飾精美且生動(dòng)活潑，氣勢(shì)磅礴。
This lid, lip and neck, with blue and white sea water pattern and treasure map pattern, outlines the mouth edge, neck and shoulder. The auxiliary prime minister is symmetrical, the pot belly is decorated with Ji blue glaze, and the cloud dragon is decorated with green white glaze. The two glaze colors are in sharp contrast. The main pattern depicts the dragon in the water. The dragon is four claws, like a knife. The dragon is powerful, majestic and fierce, and has a strong momentum. The shape of this device is magnificent, the glaze color is clean and moist, the pattern is exquisite and lively, and it is magnificent.
蓋罐青花用料為蘇麻離青，青花發(fā)色純正，紋飾而有序，整體構(gòu)圖嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)，具有強(qiáng)烈的美學(xué)效果和時(shí)代風(fēng)格。細(xì)觀此罐，器體中部有明顯接胎痕，底足元代旋切工藝明顯，通過高倍鏡放大觀察，胎體白而不細(xì)，伴有火石紅，以上特征更能體現(xiàn)出此罐使用的元代麻倉(cāng)土。青花發(fā)色沉著濃烈，有絕代滄桑之感，濃重之處帶有黑色結(jié)晶斑點(diǎn)，已深入胎骨，釉面玻璃質(zhì)感非常強(qiáng)烈，撫之如絹，釉如堆脂，屬實(shí)難得一件的精品，值得收藏。
The blue and white material for the pot cover is Suma Liqing. The blue and white hair color is pure, the pattern is orderly, the overall composition is rigorous, and it has strong aesthetic effect and era style. In a detailed view, there are obvious tire joint marks in the middle of the pot body, and the rotary cutting technology of the Yuan Dynasty of the bottom foot is obvious. Through the high-power magnifying observation, the carcass is white but not fine, accompanied by flint red. The above characteristics can better reflect the Yuan Dynasty Machang soil used in the pot. The blue and white hair is thick and strong, with a sense of the vicissitudes of the times. The thick place has black crystal spots, which has penetrated into the fetal bone. The glass texture of the glaze is very strong, and the touch is like silk, and the glaze is like a pile of grease. It is a rare boutique, which is worth collecting.
青花著色力強(qiáng)，呈色穩(wěn)定，紋飾永不褪脫，且風(fēng)格幽靚典雅，素凈秀麗。光潤(rùn)透亮的青花釉與素雅明凈的白胎巧妙配合，互相襯托，頗具中國(guó)水墨畫之特色，并且標(biāo)志著由素瓷轉(zhuǎn)為彩瓷的新時(shí)代的到來(lái);元青花以其多層次，滿畫面，主次分明的裝飾特征和以彩繪為主兼刻、劃、印花的裝飾技法，為我國(guó)陶瓷藝術(shù)的發(fā)展開辟了一條新的途徑。
Blue and white has strong coloring power, stable color, and the pattern will never fade, and the style is quiet, beautiful and elegant, pure and beautiful. The bright blue and white glaze and the elegant white tire complement each other skillfully, which has the characteristics of Chinese ink painting and marks the coming of a new era from plain porcelain to colored porcelain. The yuan blue and white porcelain, with its multi-level, full picture, distinct primary and secondary decorative features and the decorative techniques of carving, painting and printing, has opened a new way for the development of China's ceramic art 。
