乾隆通寶是乾隆時(shí)期的流通貨幣， 乾隆皇帝在位的60年里施展其“文治武功”的治國策略，創(chuàng)造了封建社會里最后一個輝煌盛世，之后民間便盛傳佩帶“乾隆通寶”銅錢可驅(qū)災(zāi)辟邪，又因乾隆二字諧音“錢隆”而備受后世藏家所喜愛的錢幣。
Qianlong Tongbao was the currency of Qianlong period. During the 60 years of Emperor Qianlong's reign, he used his strategy of "governing the country with culture and martial arts" to create the last glorious era in the feudal society. After that, it was widely spread among the people that wearing "Qianlong Tongbao" copper coins could drive away disasters and evil spirits. Because of the homonym "Qianlong", the coins were loved by later collectors.
【藏品名稱】：乾隆通寶
[collection name]: Qianlong Tongbao
【類別】：錢幣
Class: Coins
清代各年號均鑄有錢幣,錢文一般以滿文和漢文兩種文字。鑄有順治通寶,康熙通寶,雍正通寶,乾隆通寶,嘉慶通寶,道光通寶...鑒定主要從三個方面來把握。一是斷定古錢幣的時(shí)代，二是確定古錢幣的真?zhèn)危钦J(rèn)定古錢幣的珍貴程度。古錢幣的斷代，在有年號的錢幣中斷定一般不成問題。由于錢幣在歷代就具有很高的收藏價(jià)值，故在各個歷史時(shí)期均有仿冒錢幣出現(xiàn)，如何鑒定其真?zhèn)坞y度較大。鑒定真?zhèn)我欢ㄒ獜腻X幣的形狀、質(zhì)地、包漿、文字和制作工藝等諸多方面來識別。每一時(shí)期的錢幣，形狀、質(zhì)地和文字都有其獨(dú)特的風(fēng)格和特征。各個歷史時(shí)期的鑄造工藝不盡相同，仿冒者不可能完全把握。錢幣的價(jià)值如何，要看錢幣的年代和存世的數(shù)量多寡來確定。錢幣不僅有經(jīng)濟(jì)價(jià)值，更有歷史價(jià)值和藝術(shù)價(jià)值，而歷史價(jià)值和藝術(shù)價(jià)值又直接影響著經(jīng)濟(jì)價(jià)值。
In the Qing Dynasty, coins were cast in every year, and the characters of money were generally Manchu and Chinese. There are three ways to identify Tongbao: Shunzhi Tongbao, Kangxi Tongbao, Yongzheng Tongbao, Qianlong Tongbao, Jiaqing Tongbao, Daoguang Tongbao. The first is to determine the age of the ancient coins, the second is to determine the authenticity of the ancient coins, and the third is to determine the value of the ancient coins. The dating of ancient coins is generally not a problem when the coins with year numbers are interrupted. Since coins have a high collection value in the past dynasties, there are counterfeit coins in various historical periods, so it is difficult to identify their authenticity. To identify the authenticity of coins, we must recognize them from the shape, texture, size, character and making process. Each period's coins, shape, texture and characters have its own unique style and characteristics. The casting process in different historical periods is not the same, so the counterfeiters can not fully grasp it. The value of money depends on the age and the number of coins. Money has not only economic value, but also historical value and artistic value, which have a direct impact on economic value.
該錢幣鑄于清高宗乾隆年間（1736-1795年），背面的滿文比較復(fù)雜。錢面文字"乾隆通寶"以楷書書寫，其字從上而下而右而左直讀。錢背文字沿雍正滿文錢式穿孔左邊有"寶"字，穿孔右邊鑄有各局名。幣種與不同時(shí)期形狀與大小也有不同。古代錢幣傳世量到現(xiàn)在有很多古幣都沒有得到一個比較好的保存。真正在現(xiàn)代人的手上作為收藏品的也只是以前也就是當(dāng)代流通錢幣的冰山一角都不值一談。古錢幣的收藏價(jià)值也因此而變得高貴，存在歷史收藏重大意義。特別是一些比較珍稀品種。如乾隆通寶其實(shí)只是一個大歸類。
This coin was cast in the reign of Emperor Qianlong of Gaozong of Qing Dynasty (1736-1795). The Manchu characters on the back of the coin are complex. Qian Mian character "Qianlong Tongbao" is written in regular script, and its characters are read directly from top to bottom, right and left. The characters on the back of money have the word "Bao" on the left side and the names of bureaus on the right side. The shape and size of currency and different periods are also different. Many ancient coins have not been well preserved until now. What is really in the hands of modern people as a collection is only that the iceberg of the former and the current currency is not worth talking about. As a result, the collection value of ancient coins becomes noble, which is of great significance in historical collection. Especially some rare varieties. For example, Qianlong Tongbao is only a big category.
鑄行“乾隆通寶”要求仍重一錢二分，該錢書法鑄工都比雍正時(shí)更為精美。最初清政府仍繼續(xù)執(zhí)行通貨緊縮的政策。錢局較雍正時(shí)有所增減，首先在乾隆四年，停了寶河、寶鞏、寶濟(jì)三局，于乾隆五年時(shí)開寶福局，七年開寶桂局，十年開寶直局。乾隆朝以前的制錢不加錫，以銅、鉛、鋅配制，稱之為“黃錢”，在乾隆五年規(guī)定在鑄錢銅料之中加百分之二的錫，稱為“青錢”。官方說是為杜絕私錢，實(shí)則無異于減重。“乾隆通寶”版式很多，錢文方面京局的多用宋體寶浙局多用楷書，寶陜、寶順兩局用隸書，但大多數(shù)地方錢局用宋體。乾隆四十年時(shí)，私鑄情況日盛，各省官員出現(xiàn)盜鑄，政府對此無計(jì)可施，加上云南銅產(chǎn)量逐年遞減，導(dǎo)致銅價(jià)飛漲，鑄錢成本也隨之水漲船高。我國古代錢幣前史悠長，源源不絕，種類紛亂，多姿多彩，是中華民族傳統(tǒng)文明中的瑰寶。
The "Qianlong Tongbao" still requires one yuan and two cents, which is more exquisite than the Yongzheng period. At first, the Qing government continued to implement the policy of deflation. First of all, in Qianlong's fourth year, Baohe, Baogong and Baoji Bureau were stopped. In Qianlong's fifth year, Baofu Bureau was opened, Baogui Bureau was opened in seven years and Baozhi Bureau was opened in ten years. Before the Qianlong Dynasty, no tin was added to the money, which was made up of copper, lead and zinc. It was called "yellow money". In the five years of Qianlong, it was stipulated that two percent of tin should be added to the copper material for making money, which was called "green money". Officials say it's to eliminate private money, but in fact, it's just to lose weight. There are many formats of "Qianlong Tongbao". In terms of money and culture, Beijing Bureau mostly uses regular script in song style, while Baoshan Bureau and Baoshun Bureau use official script, but most local money bureaus use song style. In Qianlong's forty years, the situation of private casting became more and more prosperous, and the officials of various provinces began to steal casting. The government had nothing to do about it. In addition, the copper production in Yunnan decreased year by year, which led to the soaring price of copper and the cost of casting money. Chinese ancient coins have a long history, endless sources, various kinds, and are treasures of Chinese traditional civilization.
隨著錢幣收藏行情的不斷升溫，古錢幣逐漸進(jìn)入藏家的眼球，各地錢幣交易會上，古錢幣專場也多次交易出好價(jià)。古錢幣具有較大收藏投資空間，升值最快的當(dāng)數(shù)其中的珍品類古錢幣，在市場上十分受追捧，漲幅很大。清代乾隆時(shí)期，作為中國古代最后一個盛世，其發(fā)行的流通貨幣乾隆通寶，在收藏市場一直有著很高的收藏價(jià)值。
With the continuous warming of the money collection market, ancient coins gradually enter the eye of collectors. At various currency fairs, ancient coins are also traded at good prices for many times. Ancient coins have a large collection investment space, and the most rapid appreciation is the precious ancient coins, which are very popular in the market, with a large increase. In the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, as the last prosperous period in ancient China, the currency issued by Qianlong Tongbao had a high collection value in the collection market.
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