圣翰德—— 爐鈞窯竹節(jié)膽瓶 精品推薦
藏品名稱：爐鈞窯竹節(jié)膽瓶
Name of Collection: Bamboo Bile Bottle of Furnace Jun Kiln
藏品規(guī)格：高18cm；底直徑 4.5cm
Collection specifications: 18cm； high; Bottom diameter 4.5cm
藏品類別：瓷器
Collection Category: Porcelain
爐鈞瓷是清朝乾隆年間景德鎮(zhèn)創(chuàng)燒的一種低溫釉瓷器，制作的時候先由高溫燒成素胎，然后在瓷胎上施以不同的顏色釉，再經低溫爐火烘烤而成。由于釉面具有仿鈞窯的特色，所以被人們稱為“爐鈞瓷”。爐鈞瓷的色澤豐富，紅、藍、綠、月白等顏色融為一體，釉面還有細小的紋片。主要特征是以流淌的藍釉形成自然的山峰水波紋的紋路，其間密布著星星點點的紅、青色斑，使人感到變化萬千的自然美。乾隆年間的爐鈞釉紅藍相間，釉面流淌大，色澤以藍為主；乾隆時期的爐鈞釉，流淌小，以藍點多見，是不可多見的珍品。
Lu Jun porcelain was a low-temperature glazed porcelain made in Jingdezhen during the reign of Emperor Ganlong of Qing Dynasty. During the making process, the porcelain was first fired at high temperature to form a plain body, then different colored glaze was applied to the porcelain body, and the porcelain body was baked by a low-temperature fire. The glaze is called "furnace Jun porcelain" because of its imitation of Jun kilns. Lu Jun porcelain is rich in color and luster. Red, blue, green, white and other colors are integrated. There are also tiny grains on the glaze. The main feature is that flowing blue glaze forms the natural lines of mountain peaks and water ripples, which are densely covered with stars of red and blue spots, making people feel the natural beauty of myriad changes. During the Ganlong years, the Jun glaze of the furnace was red and blue, with large glaze flow and blue color. The Jun glaze of the Ganlong period, with small flow and blue dots, is a rare treasure.
爐鈞釉原本便是仿鈞釉器，但沒有鈞釉色彩那種濃烈的大開大合，而是如小泉柳溪一般，細膩纏綿！爐鈞色調豐富，幾乎月白、蔥翠、鈞紅、朱砂紅等諸色皆備。由于使用了熔塊釉，所以光澤性強，外表華美、艷麗。雍正年間爐鈞的特點是：釉流動很快，流動處呈現(xiàn)紫紅，釉面常有桔皮紋似片狀，反光顯五色。乾隆時的窯變流動狀如雍正時流利，釉中窯變紋顏色泛蘭。到嘉慶時流得更不暢，色蘭。道光后不再是自然窯變，而是用紫筆畫上去的一個個比小米粒略大的圈圈。釉中含有粉劑，故而釉厚不透明。釉面均開細小紋片，其結晶呈色多種，深淺不一，有紅，蘭，紫，綠，月白等色(如同有鉛器表面的反射光澤)并熔于一體。在器物釉面上形成長短不一的垂流條紋，有的彎曲，有的垂直，還有的似山嵐云氣與斑點交混在一起，布滿器身。如同五彩繽紛的孔雀尾羽一樣，整齊美麗。釉中的紅色并不太艷，紅中泛紫，猶如剛成熟的高粱穗色。蘭釉則如水波狀，雍正年間的爐均釉基本上都保持這一特征。仿鈞窯紫紅斑所作的低溫顏色釉。有"素爐均釉"與"渾爐均釉"兩種。素爐均釉面呈藍綠相間的麻點紋，在素坯上底噴翡翠(以氧化銅著色的粉彩顏料)，面噴廣翠(以氧化鈷著色的粉彩顏料)。渾爐均釉面呈紅綠相間的麻點紋(紅釉以膠體金著色)。800℃左右燒成。以清雍正、乾隆時期景德鎮(zhèn)制品最精。
The furnace Jun glaze was originally an imitation of Jun glaze, but there was no strong opening and closing of Jun glaze color. It was just like Koizumi Liuxi, delicate and touching! Lujun is rich in color, almost all colors are available, such as white moon, green onion, red jun, red vermilion, etc. Due to the use of fritted glaze, it has strong luster, beautiful and gorgeous appearance. During Yongzheng's reign, the furnace was characterized by rapid glaze flow, purplish red at the flow place, orange peel lines like flakes on the glaze surface, and five colors of reflection. When dry, the kiln changes flow as fluently as Yongzheng's, and the color of kiln changes in glaze is blue. The flow was even more sluggish in Jiaqing, Selan. After Daoguang, it is no longer a natural kiln change, but circles slightly larger than small rice grains painted with purple. Glaze contains powder, so its thickness is opaque. The glaze surface is all provided with tiny striations, and the crystals are of various colors with different shades, including red, blue, purple, green, white and other colors (like the reflective luster on the surface of a lead device) and fuse into a whole. On the glaze surface of the utensil, vertical stripes of different lengths are formed, some are curved, some are vertical, and some are like Shan Lan clouds mixed with spots, which are all over the utensil body. Like colorful peacock tail feathers, it is neat and beautiful. The red in the glaze is not too bright. The red is purple, just like the ear color of newly mature sorghum. Blue glaze is like water wave, and the furnace average glaze during Yongzheng period basically maintained this feature. The low temperature colored glaze made by imitating Jun Kiln purple erythema. There are two kinds of "plain furnace uniform glaze" and "muddy furnace uniform glaze". The glaze surface of the biscuit is blue-green pitted. Emerald (powdered pigment colored with copper oxide) is sprayed on the top and bottom of the biscuit, while Guangcui (powdered pigment colored with cobalt oxide) is sprayed on the surface. The glaze surface of muddy furnace is red and green pitted (red glaze is colored with colloidal gold). Firing at 800℃. Jingdezhen's products were the best in Qing Yongzheng and Ganlong periods.
爐鈞釉瓷在清雍正及以后歷朝均有生產，其釉色各個時期也特別明顯。常見造型分兩類，一是瓶、缸類；二是文玩類。瓶、缸類大件者底均涂釉，官窯器均陰刻四字篆書本朝款。小件文玩底多無釉，露白瓷胎，少有款識。除造型需把握時代特征外，爐鈞釉釉色各代亦不相同。
傳世的爐鈞釉瓶、尊等器中青藍色者居多，紅點者較少見。有素爐鈞釉與渾爐鈞釉兩種。素坯上底噴翡翠（以氧化銅著色的粉彩顏料），面噴廣翠（以氧化鈷著色的粉彩顏料）。混爐鈞釉面呈紅綠相間的麻點紋（紅釉以膠體金著色）。
因工藝難度大，且傳世量極少，所以藝術價值高，有較大的升值空間。
Lu Jun glaze porcelain was produced in Qing Yongzheng and later dynasties, and its glaze color was especially obvious in various periods. Common shapes are divided into two categories, one is bottles and cylinders. The second is literature and play. The bottom of large bottles and jars are glazed, and the kiln ware is engraved with four-character seal script. The bottom of small articles is mostly unglazed, with white porcelain bodies exposed and little knowledge. In addition to the modeling needs to grasp the characteristics of the times, the glaze color of Jun glaze varies from generation to generation. Most of the Jun glaze bottles and veneration vessels handed down from ancient times are blue and blue, while red dots are rare. There are two types of Jun glaze: plain furnace and muddy furnace. Emerald (powdered pigment colored with copper oxide) is sprayed on the top and bottom of the biscuit, and Guangcui (powdered pigment colored with cobalt oxide) is sprayed on the surface. The Jun glaze surface of the mixed furnace is red and green pitted (red glaze is colored with colloidal gold). Due to the difficulty of the craft and the small quantity handed down from ancient times, the artistic value is high and there is much room for appreciation.
