梅蘭芳( 1894年-1961年),名瀾，字畹華,別署綴玉軒主人，藝名蘭芳。其祖籍江蘇泰州,生于北京的一一個梨園世家。梅蘭芳是近代杰出的京昆旦行演員,“四大名旦”之首,同時也是享有國際盛營的表演藝術大師。
Mei Lanfang (1894-1961), named LAN, with the word "Fuhua", is the owner of the jade Pavilion in other department, and the artistic name is Lanfang. His ancestral home is Taizhou, Jiangsu Province. He was born in a family of Liyuan in Beijing. Mei Lanfang is an outstanding actor of Beijing Kunming Danxing in modern times, the first of "four famous dans", and also a master of performing arts enjoying international prosperity.
除了演戲之外，梅蘭芳也十分喜愛繪畫,這也是有其家庭淵源的。梅蘭芳的祖父梅巧齡及父親梅竹芬都喜歡書法,家中也收藏了許多明清字畫。
In addition to acting, Mei Lanfang is also very fond of painting, which also has its family origin. Mei Lanfang's grandfather, Mei Qiaoling, and his father, Mei Zhufen, both like calligraphy. They also collect many Ming and Qing calligraphy and paintings at home.
1915年前后,梅蘭芳開始請王夢白教學繪畫。王夢白主要教梅蘭芳畫花卉、草蟲、翎毛等。每周三次在綴玉軒授課，王先生還經常將自己的作品送給梅蘭芳參照。梅蘭芳雖從許多名畫家學過繪畫。但他對人始終聲稱:“吳菱仙是我學戲的開蒙老師,王夢白是我學畫的開蒙老師”。
Around 1915, Mei Lanfang began to invite Wang mengbai to teach painting. Wang mengbai mainly teaches Mei Lanfang to draw flowers, insects and feathers. Mr. Wang often gives his works to Mei Lanfang for reference. Mei Lanfang has studied painting from many famous painters. But he always claimed to people: "Wu Lingxian is my kaimeng teacher who studies drama and Wang mengbai is my kaimeng teacher who studies painting."
在隨王夢白學畫時期,梅蘭芳又認識了許多名畫家,如陳師普、陳半J等。梅蘭芳畫佛像和仕女,得到陳老很多指點。陳師普對北京風俗畫很感興趣,經常與梅蘭芳在一起探討這方 面的題材。陳老普在梅蘭芳的畫上題跋,有時也在綴玉軒與其他畫家合作為梅繪畫,還贈與梅蘭芳多幅自己的作品。
During Wang mengbai's study of painting, Mei Lanfang met many famous painters, such as Chen Shipu and Chen banj. Mei Lanfang drew statues of Buddhas and maids and got a lot of advice from Chen Lao. Chen Shipu is very interested in Beijing custom painting, and often discusses this topic with Mei Lanfang. Chen laopu wrote and postscript on Mei Lanfang's paintings. Sometimes he cooperated with other painters in zuyuxuan to paint for Mei. He also gave Mei Lanfang many of his own works.
說起梅蘭芳與畫家最深密的交往，要數齊白石。他們認識后經過幾年的交往,梅蘭芳于1924年拜齊白石為師學畫，這時的梅蘭芳在京劇界的知名度已如日中天。齊白石說:“你這樣有名,叫我一聲師傅就是抬舉老夫了,就別提什么拜師不拜師的啦.....“但梅蘭芳堅持行了拜師之禮。之后,他學畫非常認真,只要是沒有排練和演出,他就會按時坐黃包車到齊宅學畫,進門先向老師鞠躬問好,謙恭的樣子像個小學生。
When it comes to Mei Lanfang's most intimate contact with painters, Qi Baishi should be counted. After a few years of communication, Mei Lanfang learned painting from Qi Baishi in 1924. At that time, Mei Lanfang's popularity in Beijing Opera circle was already in the ascendant. Qi Baishi said: "you are so famous. Calling me Shifu is to honor me. Don't mention that I don't want to learn from you..." but Mei Lanfang insisted on the ceremony of learning from you. After that, he studied painting very seriously. As long as he didn't rehearse and perform, he would take a rickshaw to qizhai to study painting on time. He bowed to the teacher first and said hello to him. He looked like a pupil with humility.
梅蘭芳拜齊白石為師學畫時,他在戲曲界的名氣已如日中天。齊白石對他說:“你這樣有名,叫我一聲師傅就是抬舉老夫了 ，就別提什么拜師不拜師的啦. ...可梅蘭芳堅持- 定要舉行拜師儀式,行跪拜大禮。
When Mei Lanfang was learning painting from Qi Baishi, his fame in the field of opera was already in the ascendant. Qi Baishi said to him, "you're so famous. If you call me Shifu, I'll honor you. Don't mention that you don't want to pay homage to your teacher... But Mei Lanfang insists that we must hold a ceremony of paying homage to your teacher and kneel down.
1941年末，太平洋戰爭爆發后,梅蘭芳于1942年返滬, 并拒絕登臺演出。由于之前積蓄的存款全遭日寇凍結,梅蘭芳的家庭生活舉步維艱,他只得變賣北京的房子,又出賣自己多年收集的藏品,以至于不得不靠典當甚至變賣為生。1944年 ,王夢白、湯定之、吳湖帆、李拔可、葉恭綽等建議梅蘭芳辦畫展。
At the end of 1941, after the Pacific War broke out, Mei Lanfang returned to Shanghai in 1942 and refused to perform on the stage. Mei Lanfang had to sell his house in Beijing and his collection for many years, so that he had to live by pawning or even selling them. In 1944, Wang mengbai, Tang Dingzhi, Wu Hufan, Li bacco, ye gongchuo, etc. suggested that Mei Lanfang hold a painting exhibition.
1945年春,梅蘭芳和葉玉虎在上海福州路的都城飯店合辦的畫展正式開幕。梅蘭芳的作品有佛像、仕女、花卉、翎毛、松樹、梅花及部分與葉玉虎合作的梅竹,和吳湖帆、葉玉虎合作的《歲寒三友圖》, 還有一-些摹作,共170多幅。畫展結束后,售出了大半畫作。還有一些照樣復畫的作品。其中基改七薌的《雙紅豆圖》, 有人復定了5張。
In the spring of 1945, Mei Lanfang and ye Yuhu jointly held an exhibition in the capital hotel of Fuzhou Road, Shanghai. Mei Lanfang's works include statues of Buddha, ladies, flowers, feathers, pines, plum blossoms and some plum bamboos cooperated with Ye Yuhu, the picture of three friends in the cold of the year cooperated with Wu Hufan and ye Yuhu, and one or more imitations, totaling more than 170. After the exhibition, most of the paintings were sold. There are also some works that are still redrawn. Among them, the "double red bean map" of Qixiang, the basic reform, has been re determined by five people.
梅蘭芳終生只畫花鳥竹菊與仕女佛像,甚少在山水畫與書法上下過功夫。這與他受到海派繪畫的影響與自己的偏好有關。他的繪畫從題材到趣味上可以看出對南北兩派的調和,他的花卉小品在韻味上力求平淡高雅之氣,但在構圖與設色等視覺效果上大量融入了海派的技法。這也是他在滬辦畫展,輕易能迎合上海市民階層趣味的一個重要原因。
Mei Lanfang only painted flowers, birds, bamboos, chrysanthemums and statues of Buddhist ladies all her life. She seldom did much in landscape painting and calligraphy. This is related to his preference and the influence of Shanghai painting. From the theme to the taste, his paintings can see the harmony between the north and the south. His flower pieces strive to be plain and elegant in the charm, but they integrate the techniques of Shanghai school in the visual effects of composition and color setting. This is also an important reason why he can easily cater to the interest of Shanghai citizens by holding a painting exhibition in Shanghai.
梅蘭芳的繪畫在拍賣場上一直炙手可熱。上世紀八九十年代 ,國際兩大拍賣行開始注意上拍他的作品。1991年3月,他的一幅2平尺《如來佛像》在香港市場上以2 42萬港元成交; 1992年,國內藝術品拍賣興起后，梅的作品在市場亮相較多，1994年,他的一幅《梅花》扇面在嘉德首場拍賣會上以1.1萬元成交; 1995年，他的一幅《行書》在北京翰海拍出12.1萬元; 1998年,他的《竹雀》只有1平方尺多一點,卻創下7.7萬元的好成績。
Mei Lanfang's paintings have been very popular in the auction. In the 1980s and 1990s, two major international auction houses began to pay attention to his works. In March 1991, one of his 2-level Buddha statues was sold at HK $24200 in Hong Kong market; in 1992, after the rise of domestic art auction, Mei's works appeared more in the market. In 1994, one of his fan faces of plum blossom was sold at the first auction of Jiade at RMB 11000; in 1995, one of his running books was sold at Beijing Hanhai at RMB 121000; in 1998, only one of his bamboo sparrows was sold. A little more than one square foot, but a good score of 77000 yuan.
進入新世紀以來，梅蘭芳的書畫精品價格在市場上一路走高。2015年 ,梅蘭芳1936年所作的《游魚》鏡心在嘉德以120.75萬元成交，首次突破了百萬元大關。
In the new century, the price of Mei Lanfang's fine paintings and calligraphy has gone up all the way in the market. In 2015, Jing Xin, a fish tour written by Mei Lanfang in 1936, sold for 1.2075 million yuan in Jiade, breaking the million yuan mark for the first time.
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