袁大頭是民國時(shí)期主要流通貨幣之一，“袁大頭”是對(duì)袁世凱像系列硬幣的口語俗稱，嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)點(diǎn)說叫“袁世凱像背嘉禾銀幣”。北洋政府為了整頓幣制，劃一銀幣，于民國三年（1914年）二月，頒布《國幣條例》十三條，決定實(shí)行銀本位制度。《國幣條例》規(guī)定：“以庫平純銀六錢四分八厘為價(jià)格之單位，定名為圓”，“一圓銀幣，總重七錢二分，銀八九，銅一一”，“一圓銀幣用數(shù)無限制”，即以一圓銀幣為無限法償?shù)谋疚毁J幣。根據(jù)這一規(guī)定，于1914年12月及1915年2月， 先后由造幣總廠及江南造幣廠開鑄一圓銀幣，幣面鐫刻袁世凱頭像，俗稱“袁頭幣”或“袁大頭”。
Yuan da da is one of the main circulating currencies in the period of the republic of China, "yuan da da" is the colloquial name for yuan shikai like series of COINS, which is called "yuan shikai like back jiahe silver coin". In order to rectify the currency system, the beiyang government issued the article 13 of the national currency regulations in February, 1914, and decided to implement the silver standard system. According to the national currency regulations, "the unit of the price of kuping pure silver at six cents and eight cents shall be named as a round", "a silver dollar, with a total weight of seven cents and two cents, eight and nine silver and one copper", "unlimited use of a silver dollar", that is, a silver dollar as the standard currency with unlimited repayment. According to this regulation, in December 1914 and February 1915, successively by mint general factory and jiangnan mint to cast a silver dollar, coin face engraved yuan shikai head, commonly known as "yuan head coin" or "yuan big head".
清朝滅亡之后，1912年4月袁世凱出任大總統(tǒng)。北洋政府鑒于當(dāng)時(shí)鑄幣、紙幣十分復(fù)雜，流通的中外貨幣在百種以上，規(guī)格不一，流通混亂，折算繁瑣，民眾積怨，同時(shí)也想借助貨幣改制以解決軍費(fèi)問題，便決定鑄發(fā)國幣。袁世凱為了提高自己的統(tǒng)治地位，把他的頭像鑄于幣面，“袁大頭”由此而來。
After the fall of the qing dynasty, yuan shikai became President in April 1912. In view of the complexity of coinage and banknote at that time, the government of beiyang decided to coin and issue national currency due to the fact that there were more than 100 kinds of domestic and foreign currencies in circulation with different specifications, chaotic circulation, complicated conversion, and resentment among the public. Yuan shikai, in order to enhance his dominance, cast his head on a coin.
民國三年，民國九年造，民國十年造，北洋軍閥政府正式鑄造袁世凱頭像銀幣。先在天津造幣廠鑄造袁大頭壹圓銀幣，后在南京廣東武昌等造幣廠陸續(xù)鑄造，民國時(shí)期，軍閥混戰(zhàn)，各地軍閥紛紛私鑄袁大頭，導(dǎo)致存世的袁大頭質(zhì)量良莠不齊，而袁大頭銀幣多作為紀(jì)念幣，鑄造量甚少，存世量極罕，“袁大頭”在貨幣收藏界被稱為銀元之寶，它是中國近千種近代銀幣中流傳最廣、影響最大的銀元品種，也是近代中國幣制變革中的一個(gè)重要角色，袁大頭普通幣上面（正面）為袁世凱左側(cè)五分像，上鑄“中華民國三年”和“中華民國九年造”，“中華民國十年造”中文繁體，具有很高的歷史文化研究?jī)r(jià)值，寓意“民主、共和、憲政及君主立憲“之思想希冀。
In three years, the republic of China in nine years, the republic of China in ten years, the northern warlord government officially minted yuan shikai head silver coin. First big one round silver mint yuan in tianjin, guangdong wuchang, etc in nanjing mint in succession after casting, during the period of the republic of China, warlords, local warlords have illicit casting, yuan in big 4 yuan quality good and bad are intermingled, and bulk silver yuan much as COINS, casting quantity is little, only extremely rare, "big head" yuan in money collecting is called the treasure of silver, it is the most popular in China in nearly one thousand kinds of modern silver, silver varieties, and the greatest influence is also an important role in the monetary system reform in modern China, the most common currency yuan (positive) for yuan shikai left five points as above, "Three years of the republic of China" and "nine years of the republic of China" and "ten years of the republic of China" in traditional Chinese are of high historical and cultural research value, implying the hope of "democracy, republic, constitutionalism and constitutional monarchy".
