海水龍紋青花撇口瓶
Seawater Dragon Blue and White Skim Bottle
高18.9cm 底徑：8.3cm 口徑：4cm
High 18.9 cm bottom diameter: 8.3 cm diameter: 4 cm
此藏品為“海水龍紋青花撇口瓶”，瓶口微撇，長頸，溜肩，弧腹下斂，圈足。胎體施白釉，通體以青花為飾，龍頭蒼老兇猛，栩栩如生周圍飛舞，龍身下是翻滾洶涌的海水，水波翻滾氣勢(shì)磅礴，繪畫精湛傳神，生動(dòng)逼真底部書“大明萬歷年制”六字，款字書寫工整。但從瓶身以及器型上來說它是更偏向于清代的整體工藝，整體色釉清風(fēng)淡雅，效果大氣，線條勾勒細(xì)致，圖案布局疏密有致，氣勢(shì)磅礴，層次分明，繁而不亂，富有濃郁的韻味，充分給人們以美的藝術(shù)享受，彰顯了皇家氣派與風(fēng)范，極具收藏價(jià)值。
This collection is a "sea water dragon blue and white skimming bottle", slightly skimmed bottle mouth, long neck, shoulder slippage, arc belly convergence, circle foot. The carcass is white glaze, the whole body is decorated with blue and white flowers, the dragon head is fierce and fierce, lifelike flying around, under the dragon body is the rolling sea, the water waves are surging, the painting is superb and vivid, vivid and lifelike. The bottom book "Daming Wanli year system" is six characters, and the characters are neat and neat. But from the bottle body and device type, it is more inclined to the whole process of the Qing Dynasty. The overall color and glaze is elegant and elegant, the effect is atmospheric, the lines are meticulous, the layout is dense, the atmosphere is magnificent, the level is clear, the complex is not chaotic, the rich flavor, fully gives people the artistic enjoyment of the beauty, has manifested the royal style and the demeanor, extremely has the collection value.
據(jù)悉景德鎮(zhèn)御窯廠燒造的青花瓷器，在中國陶瓷發(fā)展史上具有很重要的地位。它以其古樸，典雅的造型，晶瑩艷麗的釉色，多姿多彩的紋飾而聞名于世，與明代其他各朝的青花瓷器相比，其燒制技術(shù)達(dá)到了最高峰，成為我國瓷器名品之一，其成就被稱頌為“開一代未有之奇”。《景德鎮(zhèn)陶錄》評(píng)價(jià)宣德瓷器：“諸料悉精，青花最貴。” 成書于清代的《南窯筆記》宣窯中講宣德青花“宣窯一種，極其精雅古樸，用料有濃淡，墨勢(shì)渾然而莊重，青花有滲青，鐵皮銹者”。明張應(yīng)文《清秘藏》論窯器中描述“我朝宣廟窯器，質(zhì)料細(xì)厚，隱隱橘皮紋起，冰裂鱔血紋者，幾與官、汝窯敵。即暗花者、紅花者、青花者、皆發(fā)古未有，為一代絕品”。清乾隆年間朱琰《陶說》談宣德窯“按此明宣窯極盛時(shí)也，選料、制樣、畫器、題款無一不精
It is learnt that the blue and white porcelain produced by the kiln is very important in the history of Chinese ceramics. It is famous for its simple, elegant shape, brilliant glaze color and colorful decoration. Compared with the blue and white porcelain of other dynasties in Ming Dynasty, its firing technology reached the peak and became one of the famous products of China's porcelain. Its achievement was praised as "the beginning of a generation without wonder". "Tao Tao Lu" evaluated Xuan de porcelain: "all materials are refined, and blue and white are the most expensive." In the Xuan kiln of Nanyao Notes written in the Qing Dynasty, Xuande's blue and white kiln is said to be "a kind of Xuande kiln, extremely elegant and simple, with rich and weak materials, vigorous but solemn ink, with blue and white seeping green, rusty iron skin". Zhang Yingwen's "Qing Secret Storage" in the Ming Dynasty describes the kiln implements in "Xuanmiao kiln implements of my dynasty, which are thin in material, with hidden orange peel lines, ice-cracked eel blood lines, and several enemies of officials and Ru kilns. That is, the dark flower, the safflower, the blue and white, all of them are unprecedented, and they are the best products of a generation. During the reign of Qianlong in Qing Dynasty, Zhu Yan's Tao Shuo talked about Xuande kiln: "According to the peak of Xuande kiln in Ming Dynasty, material selection, sample preparation, painters and inscriptions are all excellent."
撇口瓶，是清雍正時(shí)期非常流行的瓶式之一，基本造型為撇口，束頸，長弧腹，腹下內(nèi)收，外撇式高圈足。撇口瓶的頸、肩分別以青花繪蕉葉紋、花草紋和如意云紋，腹部主題紋飾是云龍紋。瓶腹部五條形態(tài)各異龍騰躍與云間，云龍的相互映襯，使得主題紋飾更加鮮明。尤其是五條龍紋，同在一件器物上的采用的表現(xiàn)形式、繪畫技法各有千秋，在乾隆時(shí)期十分罕見。
正面龍，龍首為正面，前肢左右對(duì)稱而舞，俯視張嘴，龍首端正威儀，繪線分明，展示了王者的霸氣。這種繪畫形式要求畫工思維要用脫俗技法，體現(xiàn)出龍之威嚴(yán)和至高無上皇權(quán)的尊貴。
行龍，龍?bào)w矯健、飄逸，騰于云間遨游。流暢的畫工，加上渾厚的展示效果，完美地體現(xiàn)了傳統(tǒng)概念龍的神秘色彩。
回首龍，原本游戲于云間，它似乎發(fā)現(xiàn)神秘的信息，引頸回首，前肢做探取狀，靈動(dòng)的肢體翻卷自然，極為生動(dòng)傳神。
出水龍，蒼龍破海而出，氣勢(shì)威猛。周身環(huán)視祥云，交疊懸停，氣韻生動(dòng)，渲染勻稱，愈顯得神龍騰云駕霧，氣勢(shì)神圣不可侵犯。
應(yīng)龍，又稱“翼龍”、“飛龍”。 屈原《天問》中曾述應(yīng)龍助大禹治水之功。又《述異記》云：“龍五百年為角龍，千年為應(yīng)龍”。漢史學(xué)家班固在《漢書>敘傳》第七十中有記述。“應(yīng)龍潛于潢污，魚黿媟之，不睹其能奮靈德，合風(fēng)云，超忽荒，而躔蒼也。故夫泥蟠而天飛者，應(yīng)龍之神也……。”紋飾為張翼振翅之飛龍，即“應(yīng)龍”，神態(tài)兇猛，矯健有力。“應(yīng)龍”為龍中壽命最長之龍。
The mouth flask is one of the most popular bottle styles in the Qing Dynasty. The basic shape is the left mouth, the neck, the long abdomen, the lower abdomen, and the outside. The neck and shoulder of the skimming bottle are painted with blue and white banana leaf pattern, flower and grass pattern and wishful moire pattern respectively. The theme of the abdomen is moire dragon pattern. The five shapes of the abdomen of the bottle are different between the Dragon leaping and the clouds. The contrast between the dragon and the cloud makes the theme decoration more distinct. In particular, the five dragon patterns have different forms of expression and painting techniques on a utensil, and are very rare in the Qian Long period.
The front dragon, the head of the dragon is on the front, the forelimbs are symmetrical and dancing, looking down at the mouth, the head of the dragon is dignified, the lines are clear, showing the tyranny of the king. This form of painting requires that the painter's thinking should be refined and the dignity of the dragon and the supremacy of the imperial power are reflected.
The dragon body is vigorous and elegant, soaring through the clouds. Fluent painters, coupled with a rich display effect, perfectly reflect the mysterious color of the traditional concept of dragon.
Looking back on the dragon, the original game in the clouds, it seems to find mysterious information, lead the neck back, forelimbs do exploratory, flexible body roll up naturally, very vivid and vivid.
Out of the water dragon, out of the sea, the dragon is powerful. The whole body looks around at Xiangyun, hover and hover, and its vivid and vivid expression makes the Dragon go on cloud and fog. The momentum is sacred and inviolable.
Yinglong, also known as pterosaur and flying dragon. In Qu Yuan's "Tian Wen", he said that the dragon should help Da Yu to control the water. "The dragon is a horn dragon in 500 years, and the dragon is a corresponding dragon in 1000 years" in Shuyiji. Han historian is described in seventieth of Han Shu Zhuan Zhuan. "Yinglong is hidden in the decoration, and the fish are in the wrong place. We can't see that it is able to work hard and keep pace with the wind and the clouds. It is negligent and unreasonable. So the man who flies in the sky with mud is the God of dragon. The decoration is a flying dragon with flapping wings, i. e. Yinglong. It has a fierce and vigorous manner. Yinglong is the longest-lived dragon in Longzhong.
應(yīng)龍的神話傳說流傳很久，其圖案紋飾也較早就出現(xiàn)在銅器、漆器以及石雕和繪畫當(dāng)中。相比之下，官窯瓷中應(yīng)龍的出現(xiàn)卻略有些晚。明永宣時(shí)期，應(yīng)龍被納入官窯瓷制作中。與永宣時(shí)期相比，清三代瓷器中采用應(yīng)龍做裝飾的器物流傳下來的比較少。
這件器物上的應(yīng)龍繪制精美，將帝王的威武與神秘莊嚴(yán)的形象隱喻化地呈現(xiàn)。張翅飛舞的應(yīng)龍，躍于波濤上，大有攝海之威猛，給人深刻而震撼的印象。瓶身下方的海水紋樣，以淺藍(lán)色調(diào)細(xì)描的浪花飛沫，生動(dòng)地展示了浩瀚海洋與神龍共生的物華詩境。
撇口瓶是乾隆朝經(jīng)典的陳設(shè)瓷，品類多樣，裝飾豐富，而且量少而質(zhì)精，其中青花一項(xiàng)多為摹古之作，傳世多見為兩類，一是青花折枝花果紋，一是龍紋，而存世數(shù)量后者遠(yuǎn)遜于前者，異常珍稀。乾隆一朝六十年（公元1736～1795年），是清代封建社會(huì)發(fā)展的鼎盛時(shí)期。此時(shí)，景德鎮(zhèn)御窯廠規(guī)模龐大，在督陶官的管理下，每年燒造各種瓷器都在數(shù)十萬以上，燒出的瓷器無論是工藝技巧還是裝飾藝術(shù)都已達(dá)到了爐火純青的地步。乾隆官窯青花瓷既與清幽的康熙青花有別，又與淡雅的雍正青花不同，它是以紋飾繁密、染畫工整、造型新奇取勝。特別是對(duì)鈷料的把握得心應(yīng)手，依據(jù)需要，彰顯乾隆青花瓷器穩(wěn)定、渾厚、沉著的元素。
Yinglong's myths and legends have been circulating for a long time. Its patterns and decorations also appeared in bronze ware, lacquerware, stone carvings and paintings earlier. In contrast, the appearance of Zhonglong in official kiln porcelain is a little late. In Yongxuan period of Ming Dynasty, Yinglong was included in the production of official kiln porcelain. Compared with Yongxuan period, there were fewer articles handed down from the Qing Dynasty that adopt Yinglong as decoration.
The Yinglong on this artifact is beautifully painted, which metaphorically presents the majesty and mysterious and solemn image of the emperor. The flying dragon Ying wing, leaping over the waves, has a strong and impressive impression of the sea. The sea pattern under the bottle body vividly shows the Wuhua poetry scene in which the vast ocean and the divine dragon coexist with each other, with the spray droplets carefully depicted in light blue tone.
Skipping bottle is the classic display porcelain of Qianlong Dynasty. It has various kinds, rich decoration, small quantity and high quality. Among them, blue and white are mostly ancient works, which are handed down from generation to generation in two categories: blue and white broken branches, flower and fruit patterns, dragon patterns, and the number of the latter is far less than the former, which is extremely rare. Sixty years of Qianlong Dynasty (1736-1795 A.D.) was the heyday of feudal social development in the Qing Dynasty. At this time, the size of the kiln is huge. Under the supervision of the pottery officials, the porcelain is fired more than hundreds of thousands of times a year. The porcelain burnt out has reached the stage of perfect technology, whether it is craftsmanship or decoration art. The blue and white porcelain of the Qianlong official kiln is different from the delicate blue and white flowers, and is different from the elegant blue and white flowers. It is decorated with dense patterns, dyed paintings and neatness. Especially the cobalt material is handy, according to the needs, highlighting the Qianlong blue and white porcelain stable, thick, calm elements.
此款“海水龍紋青花撇口瓶”周身飾以海水龍紋，碗內(nèi)底部描繪了姿態(tài)不一的海水龍紋圖案，碗下部及圈足飾浪花紋圖案。碗腹部描繪兩條矯健威猛的神龍?jiān)谏n茫無際的大海中遨游，神龍回首曲體，須發(fā)飄揚(yáng)，四肢伸張，呼之欲出。龍首威武昂揚(yáng)，龍嘴高翹，頭發(fā)長而向上飄起，有雙角，龍身舒展修長，矯健勇猛，多見五爪，體現(xiàn)宮廷龍紋的威懾感。造型厚重古樸，青花釉潤濃重，是不可多得珍品！
This "seawater Dragon Blue and white skimming bottle" is decorated with seawater dragon pattern. The bottom of the bowl depicts the seawater dragon pattern with different postures, and the bottom of the bowl and the circle foot decorative wave pattern. The bowl of abdomen depicts two vigorous and mighty dragons in the boundless sea. The dragon goes back to the tune, with its hair flying and limbs stretched out. The dragon head is mighty, the dragon mouth is high, the hair is long and flutters upwards, with two horns, the dragon body is stretched and slender, vigorous and brave, often see five claws, reflecting the deterrent feeling of the court dragon pattern. The modelling is thick and simple, the blue and white glaze is moist and thick, is rare treasure!
