早在宋代，我國就已燒制出鈞紅釉瓷器，因它最初為河南禹州鈞窯所燒制，故稱“鈞紅”。鈞紅釉瓷器屬我國最早出現的一個銅紅釉品種，它的誕生，結束了當時青瓷獨占鰲頭的局面，這在我國的陶瓷發展史上，不能不是一件劃時代的大事。鈞紅釉瓷憑借其古樸的造型、精湛的工藝、復雜的配釉、“入窯一色出窯萬彩”的神奇窯變，湖光山色、云霞霧靄、人獸花鳥蟲魚等變化無窮的圖形色彩和奇妙韻味，享譽華夏，故素有“黃金有價鈞無價”的美譽。
As early as the Song Dynasty, our country had fired Junhong glaze porcelain, because it was first fired by Jun kiln in Yuzhou, Henan Province, so it was called "Junhong". Jun red glaze porcelain is one of the earliest copper red glaze varieties in China. Its birth ended the situation that celadon dominated the world at that time. This is not an epoch-making event in the development history of ceramics in China. Jun Red Glazed Porcelain is famous for its simple shape, exquisite craftsmanship, complex glaze matching, magical kiln change of "all in one kiln and all out in one kiln", endless variations of graphic colors and magical charm, such as lake, mountain, cloud and mist, human, animal, flower, bird, insect and fish, and so on. It is known as "Gold is priceless".
【藏品名稱】：“大清乾隆年制”鈞紅釉葫蘆瓶
"Qianlong Annual System of Qing Dynasty" Junhong Glazed Gourd Bottle
【類別】：瓷器
[Category]: Porcelain
鈞紅是最早的紅釉，當時的釉料配置不夠精細、準確，除了銅以外，還混雜著其他金屬氧化物。因此鈞紅釉具有紅里泛紫的色調，近乎玫瑰花、海棠花的紫紅色，所以又稱為“玫瑰紫”和“海棠紅”。自元代后，禹縣鈞窯日漸衰落，至明初已不能燒鈞紅釉瓷器了。但值得慶幸的是，禹州燒制鈞紅釉的技藝被其它產瓷區繼承了下來。景德鎮自宋末起就已開始燒制鈞紅釉瓷器。鈞紅制品中，還常出現紅、蘭、紫三色互相交錯、如火如霞的絢麗畫面。鈞紅釉的創制，為陶瓷的裝飾工藝開辟了一個新的境界，明代的寶石紅、霽紅，清代的郎窯紅、桃花片及一些窯變釉的出現，都與鈞紅有關。
Junhong is the earliest red glaze. At that time, the glaze configuration was not precise enough. Besides copper, it was also mixed with other metal oxides. Therefore, Junhong glaze has a red-purple hue, almost rose, crabapple purple, so it is also known as "rose purple" and "crabapple red". Since the Yuan Dynasty, the Jun kiln in Yuxian County has declined day by day. By the beginning of Ming Dynasty, Jun red glaze pottery could not be fired. But it is fortunate that Yuzhou's skill of firing Jun red glaze has been inherited by other porcelain producing areas. Jingdezhen has been firing Jun Red Glazed Porcelain since the end of Song Dynasty. In Junhong products, red, blue and purple are often interlaced with each other, such as the brilliant picture of fire like clouds. The creation of Jun red glaze has opened up a new realm for the decorative technology of ceramics. The appearance of ruby red and red in Ming Dynasty, Langyao red in Qing Dynasty, peach blossom pieces and some kiln glaze-changing in Qing Dynasty are all related to Jun red.
鈞紅釉是以銅為著色劑的釉色，釉層肥厚，紅而且濃，滋潤均勻，華而不俗，釉層中有細小的龜裂紋理。此釉在高溫焙燒的過程中雖會向下淌流，但色釉一般不脫口，而且多生窯變。特別是清中期時窯變色澤豐富，流淌自然，成行成絲，滿窯變或局部窯變，深受世人所愛。其實，所謂窯變釉，即系唐英督理景德鎮御窯廠時仿鈞窯釉色所繁衍出的一個創新品種，《稗史匯編》有云：“瓷有同是一質，遂成異質，同是一色，遂成異色者，水土所合，非人力之巧所能加，是之謂窯變。” 在五彩繽紛的顏色釉中，窯變釉瓷器因其色彩斑斕，釉面光滑瑩潤而深得藏界的垂青。
Jun red glaze is a kind of glaze with copper as colorant. The glaze layer is thick, red and thick, moisturizing uniformly, luxurious and not vulgar. There are fine cracks in the glaze layer. Although the glaze will flow downward during the high temperature roasting process, the color glaze generally does not break off, and the polygenic kiln changes. Especially in the mid-Qing Dynasty, the kiln was rich in color, flowing naturally, forming silk in rows, changing into full kiln or partial kiln, which was deeply loved by the world. In fact, the so-called kiln glaze change is an innovative variety of imitating Jun kiln glaze color in Jingdezhen Royal Kiln Factory of Tang Ying Governor. Among the colorful glazes, the kiln enameled porcelain is very popular in Tibet because of its colorful, smooth and lustrous glaze.
此“大清乾隆年制”鈞紅釉葫蘆瓶屬歐洲回流藏品，底款標有海關標記。撇口，長頸，鼓腹，腹下漸收，圈足。器型端莊沉穩，釉質肥厚，光潔剔透，內外壁均有冰裂紋，典雅美觀。通體罩鈞紅窯變釉，紅、黑色料自然相間，于釉面自然流淌變幻，燦如紅霞，姣麗宜人，具有一種強烈的玻璃感光澤?？谘亓舭祝姿\醬色釉。此器胎質細膩，線條優美，內外開片疏密有序，“明如鏡、潤如玉、赤如血”特征明顯極致，尺寸碩大，是適于觀賞性的立件作品，具有極高的藝術欣賞價值和收藏價值。
The Junhong glazed gourd bottle of the "Emperor Qianlong Annual System of the Qing Dynasty" belongs to the European reflux collection. The bottom paragraph is marked with customs marks. Skimming, long neck, drum belly, lower abdomen receding gradually, circle foot. The model is dignified and steady, the enamel is thick, smooth and transparent, and there are ice cracks on the inner and outer walls. It is elegant and beautiful. The glaze of Junhong kiln is changed from red to black, and the glaze flows naturally. It is as beautiful as red clouds and has a strong glassy luster. The mouth edge is white and the bottom is painted with light sauce glaze. The utensil has exquisite texture, graceful lines, dense and orderly internal and external opening. The features of the utensil are as clear as a mirror, as moist as jade, and as red as blood. Its size is huge. It is an ornamental work with high artistic appreciation value and collection value.
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