盛世收藏精品推薦 光緒元寶壹組
【藏.薦】欄 為藏品強(qiáng)大的傳播效應(yīng)向各位買家推薦經(jīng)國家一級(jí)鑒定專家甄選的藝術(shù)珍品,為藏家牽線搭橋,讓千百件藝術(shù)珍品價(jià)值被發(fā)掘與重視,在拍賣會(huì)上得以高價(jià)成交。Column for the collection of powerful dissemination effect to each buyer recommended by the national expert selection of art treasures, for collectors matchmaking, let thousands of art treasures value was discovered and take seriously, in the auction to clinch a deal at a high price.
【名稱】光緒元寶壹組
【類別】 雜項(xiàng)
【展示價(jià)】議價(jià)
[Name] Guangxu silver ingot group one
[Category] miscellaneous
【 Show the price】bargaining
戶部一兩是中國銀本位貨幣制度的最精美的代表，為了體現(xiàn)滿清皇權(quán)制度在貨幣領(lǐng)域的權(quán)威，其設(shè)計(jì)制造者不計(jì)成本地進(jìn)行了精美絕倫的設(shè)計(jì)。其藝術(shù)水準(zhǔn)、防偽能力迄今沒有被超越。鑒于其庫平一兩的重量設(shè)計(jì)與庫平七錢二分的國際、國內(nèi)市場(chǎng)慣例不符，制作成本過高，自1903年下半年制作一批后，一直沒有流通，就被回爐，所以曠世罕見。就該幣本身而言，其藝術(shù)價(jià)值遠(yuǎn)超其文物價(jià)值。The ministry of household one or two is the most exquisite representative of China's silver standard monetary system. In order to reflect the authority of the manchu imperial power system in the monetary field, its design makers carried out exquisite and unsurpassed designs regardless of cost. Its artistic level, anti - counterfeiting ability has not been surpassed so far. Due to the fact that the weight design of kuping one and two is inconsistent with the international and domestic market practice of kuping seven cents and two cents, the production cost is too high. Since the second half of 1903, a batch of it has not been circulated and was returned to the furnace, so it is rare in the world. As far as the coin itself is concerned, its artistic value far exceeds its cultural value.
光緒元寶戶部庫平一兩（簡(jiǎn)稱戶部一兩）開模壓制時(shí)是一系列共5種面值，分別為一兩、五錢、二錢、一錢及五分；小銀幣的圖案相同，只是尺寸縮小、面額更改。經(jīng)實(shí)際測(cè)量，一兩幣的直徑是43.4毫米，邊緣高起處尺寸在3.1毫米，比例值為14:1，確實(shí)在文獻(xiàn)上記載的規(guī)范之間。重量是標(biāo)準(zhǔn)庫平一兩的37.3克。“庫平”是清政府用銀的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，通行于全國，在光緒二十一年（1895年）簽署的《馬關(guān)條約》中的規(guī)定是每?jī)芍?7.31256克，一般簡(jiǎn)稱為37.3克，各地方在實(shí)行上則稍有出入。已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)的樣幣重量卻有36.2克、37克等多種，以貴金屬幣誤差都是在千分之三的規(guī)定來說，與標(biāo)準(zhǔn)庫平一兩的37.3克差異頗大。Kuaiping one two (short for one or two) is a series of five denominations, namely one or two, five, two, one and five cents. The design of the small coin is the same, but the size is reduced and the denomination changed. According to the actual measurement, the diameter of one or two COINS is 43.4 mm, the height of the edge is 3.1 mm, and the scale value is 14:1, which is indeed between the specifications recorded in the literature. The weight is 37.3 grams of standard cupping. "Kuping" is the standard of silver used by the qing government, which is widely used in the whole country. In the treaty of shimonoseki signed in the 21st year of the guangxu reign (1895), the requirement was 37.31256 grams per double weight, which is generally referred to as 37.3 grams. The sample coin weight that has been discovered has 36.2 gram, 37 gram however wait for a variety of kinds, with precious metal coin error is in the regulation of 3 thousandths, with standard kuo ping 37.3 gram of two difference is quite big.
在清代為了流通兌換行用時(shí)的方便，官鑄的很多面值是一兩的銀幣多有鑄成實(shí)重為庫平七錢二分的壹圓型銀幣版式。如戊申吉字大清銀幣庫平一兩、戶部光緒元寶庫平一兩、光緒三十年湖北省造光緒元寶庫平一兩、中外通寶關(guān)平銀一兩等等，都有實(shí)際重量為一兩型和重庫平七錢二分的流通壹圓型兩種版式。重庫平七錢二分的壹圓型硬幣實(shí)際重量為26.7g左右，外徑大小為39mm，厚度2.5mm。該版鑄造模具不同于實(shí)重庫平一兩版，僅作為軍餉流通過，存世量稀少，下圖為光緒元寶實(shí)重七錢二兩流通壹圓型真品。正面“光緒元寶”以及所有文字的筆劃中均藏有圓點(diǎn)形暗記，絲毫不影響文字書法的大氣沉穩(wěn)。In the qing dynasty, for the convenience of circulation and exchange Banks, many official COINS with a face value of one or two were mostly in the form of one round silver coin with a solid weight of seven COINS and two cents in kuping. Such as wu shenji word da-qing silver coin kuping one two, the ministry of household guangxu yuan treasure house pingyi two, thirty years of the guangxu hubei province made kuangxu yuan treasure house pingyi two, Chinese and foreign tongbao guanping silver one or two and so on, have the actual weight of one or two and heavy kuping seven cents circulation two circular two format. The actual weight of the coin is about 26.7g, with an outer diameter of 39mm and a thickness of 2.5mm. This version of casting mold is different from the real weight storehouse flat one or two, only as the military pay circulation, rare in the world, the picture below is the guangxu ingot real weight seven COINS two circulation one round genuine. Positive "guangxu silver ingot" and all the characters in the stroke are hidden in the dot shape secret, not affect the atmosphere of the calligraphy composed.
戶部庫平一兩為中國最大的機(jī)制龍銀，在籌劃之際朝野都寄予厚望，譬如光緒二十八年海關(guān)報(bào)告書中即記載：“袁宮保急圖整頓，即擬鑄一兩重之銀幣，實(shí)于北方不無裨益。從來洋元雖按兩計(jì)，并無一兩重者，若能照一兩廣鑄行使，當(dāng)有準(zhǔn)則矣。”可惜清政府舉棋不定未能修成正果。戶部一兩可由“兩”字筆法從“人”、或“入”分為兩版。由于留存數(shù)額極少，在“民國八九之間，平津市值，每套不下三百金，今且數(shù)倍過之矣。”前輩張伯在1940年9月《泉幣》第二期上如是說。As the largest mechanism of longyin in China, ku-ping no. 1 and no. 2 of the ministry of household had high hopes for it. For example, according to the customs report in the 28th year of the reign of emperor guangxu, "yuan gongbao urgently planned to rectify the situation, that is, to cast a silver coin of one or two weights. Even though a foreign dollar is counted in two ways, it has never been counted in two ways. If it can be used in one or two provinces, there should be a criterion." Unfortunately, the qing government's indecision failed to bring about a successful outcome. The ministry of one ambiguous by "two" word from "people", or "into" into two versions. Due to the small amount retained, "between 1989 and 1989, the market value of pingjin was no less than 300 gold pieces per set, which is several times more than today." Zhang bo said so in the second issue of spring coin in September 1940.
庚子年爆發(fā)的“義和團(tuán)事件”導(dǎo)致當(dāng)時(shí)兼造銀幣的北洋機(jī)器局毀于戰(zhàn)火。次年袁世凱接替故世的李鴻章為直隸總督，翌年奏準(zhǔn)在河北西窯洼護(hù)衛(wèi)營址（今天津大悲禪院舊址）設(shè)廠，光緒二十八年十一月十六日（1902年12月15日）該廠正式開鑄，命名“北洋鑄造銀元總局”。隨后按照袁世凱指示，進(jìn)行一兩銀幣的制造，并委托日本正金銀行代辦模具。經(jīng)其洽詢?nèi)毡敬筅嬖鞄啪郑搹S認(rèn)為若以邊緣凸起處為準(zhǔn)，硬幣的直徑應(yīng)為其14倍或15倍；如以錢幣本身地章處的厚度為準(zhǔn)，則直徑應(yīng)在17至18倍。以這樣的比例為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，一兩銀幣的直徑應(yīng)比七錢二分幣加大一成為宜。一則可以防止新舊混淆，二則直徑與厚度的比例大，輕敲時(shí)音脆，可避免聲音混濁不易分別優(yōu)劣，造成百姓的誤會(huì)。The boxer rebellion incident in the year of boxer rebellion led to the destruction of the beiyang machine bureau, which also produced silver COINS. Yuan shikai succeeded li hongzhang as the governor of zhili province in the following year. In the following year, he was allowed to set up a factory at the site of the guard camp in xiyaowa, hebei (the site of today's da-bei temple). Then according to yuan shikai instructions, the production of one or two silver COINS, and the commission of the bank of Japan is gold for mold. Upon consultation with the Osaka mint, it was found that the diameter of the coin should be 14 or 15 times that of the coin in the case of a raised edge. The diameter of the coin should be 17 to 18 times the thickness of the stamp itself. At this scale, the diameter of a silver coin or two should be one greater than that of seven cents. On the one hand, it can prevent the confusion between the old and the new; on the other hand, the ratio of diameter to thickness is large, and the sound is crisp when tapping, which can avoid the sound turbidity and difficult to distinguish the good from the bad, resulting in the misunderstanding of the common people.
北洋銀元局依照此建設(shè)制作餅，經(jīng)試壓證明薄者音清脆、厚者音沉悶。在袁世凱批準(zhǔn)后試制了六七千枚，但沒有發(fā)行，原因不明。從截止于2013年的存世量來看，絕大多數(shù)都被回爐改鑄，泉界習(xí)稱此為“戶部一兩”銀幣。由于在日本大阪造幣局的沿革年表中，亦有“1903年6月，清國委托貨幣模具25組制造完成”的記載，足以證明此一兩的模具來自日本。自“光緒元寶戶部一兩”銀幣背面的英文“29th year of kuang hsu”，可知其模具之雕刻及試作均在此光緒二十九年。Beiyang silver bureau according to the construction of the production of cakes, the test pressure proved that the thin sound clear, thick sound dull. After yuan shikai approved the trial production of 6,000 or 7,000 pieces, but did not release, the reason is unknown. As of 2013, most of the COINS have been remold into silver COINS, which quanjie xi called "one or two COINS from the ministry of household". In the chronology of the Osaka mint bureau of Japan, there is also a record that "in June 1903, the qing dynasty commissioned 25 sets of monetary moulds to be made", which is sufficient to prove that these two moulds came from Japan. From the "29th year of kuang hsu" on the back of the silver coin, we can see that both the engraving and trial production of the moulds will be made in the 29th year of kuang hsu.
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