深圳國枰拍賣《商晚期饕鬄紋卣》推薦
名 稱： 《商晚期饕鬄紋卣》
規 格: H33cm L29cm D17cm
數 量： 1 件
合作方式: 拍 賣
A beautifully cast and well preserved wine pot (You) in oblong cross-section with tatie mask motifs and inscriptions.
- Late Shang period
- H33cm L29cm D17cm
The wine pot (You) has an oblong cross-section body supported by a raised foot ring. It has a lid cover with a knob and a swing handle which ends with 2 animal heads in the round cleverly executed to cover the joining lugs.
The cover lid has 2 taotie masks on its top surface while a band of silkworms run around the vertical wall of it. The upper part of the vessel body shows 2 bands of circular rings with a scale-like center band. 2 tapir heads are cast in relief located in the center. 2 prominent taotie masks are seen on the 2 larger surfaces of the vessel while the raised foot ring is decorated with a circular and scale-like band similar to the band a the top part of the vessel’s body but with 2 short flanges instead of the 2 tapir heads.
A neat and meticulously executed leiwen ground filled almost all the remaining spaces beside the motifs cast in relief.
商代中葉，“安陽風格”青銅器于殷都(今河南省安陽)地區始漸興盛，本品即為此風格成熟之典例。卣是祭祀酒器，興于商周。卣之器型始見于二里岡后期，其形多變，可高，可圓，可方，可帶流，亦有四足獸形器身。本卣器型興于公元前十二世紀至十一世紀初期，器身橢圓，扉棱形尖。此類卣商代器型已見多變，器身、提梁、蓋鈕、出戟等，比例形狀皆富變化;紋飾種類更為多樣。其中兩類似為主流：其一通體紋飾，然其他特征與本卣有所不同;其二器身雖部分飾紋，卻與本卣關聯更為密切。
本卣的器型與紋飾結合甚為罕見，似將兩類晚商卣器特征相融。可比一類例，錄于樋口隆康與林已佘夫，著錄于《不言堂阪本五郎：中國青銅器清賞》。該例與本卣之器型、出戟、紋飾等均較為相似，不同之處為卣蓋飾三角紋一圈，及其索狀提梁。
此青銅卣鑄造工藝精湛，設計出色又有深度，可以清楚看到夔龍和以之組成的饕餮紋。商朝時鑄造這種“卣”極為困難。那時候，他們使用的是“陶范法”。后來在公元前 5、6 世紀(春秋晚期)時，則開始使用“失蠟法”。“失蠟法”技術上遠較容易，以蠟制模，鑄造青銅。
至于“陶范法”，先用陶制模，這個模子各方面都要和成品完全一致。接著在這個模子外面，以粘土制作外層，作為鑄型的組件。這外層經烤烘后，從模子脫出來，切開分成陶片組件。最后，匠師圍繞泥蕊(成品內腔的模子)鋪上陶片，再在其中注入熾熱銅液，方成大器。整個技術實在非常難以掌握。
與拍品青銅卣相似青銅器少見，近似例子——奈良國立博物館收藏的商殷墟時期青銅饕餮紋卣。
