圣翰德——遼三彩執(zhí)壺一對(duì)精品推薦
三彩(Tang Tri-Color Glazed Ceramics )，中國(guó)古代陶瓷燒制工藝的珍品，全名唐代三彩釉陶器，是盛行于唐代的一種低溫釉陶器，釉彩有黃、綠、白、褐、藍(lán)、黑等色彩，而以黃、綠、白三色為主，所以人們習(xí)慣稱之為"唐三彩"。因唐三彩最早、最多出土于洛陽(yáng)，亦有"洛陽(yáng)唐三彩"之稱 。但是我們下圖的屬于遼金時(shí)代的三彩執(zhí)壺，非常稀有罕見！
St. Hande-Liao tricolor kettle a pair of fine recommendations
Tricolor (Tang Tri-Color Glazed Ceramics), ancient Chinese ceramic firing technology treasure, full name Tang Dynasty tricolor glazed pottery, is popular in the Tang Dynasty a kind of low-temperature glazed pottery, glaze color has yellow, green, white, brown, blue, black and other colors, and mainly yellow, green, white tricolor, so people are used to call it "Tang tricolor". Because the Tang three colors are the earliest, the most unearthed in Luoyang, also known as "Luoyang Tang three colors." But our picture below belongs to the Liao and Jin dynasties tricolor pot, very rare and rare!
遼三彩遼代生產(chǎn)的低溫彩色釉陶制品。受唐三彩影響，遼代也燒這類品種。遼三彩多用黃、綠、褐三色釉，器型中的方碟、海棠花式長(zhǎng)盤、雞冠壺、筒式瓶等，富有契丹民族的風(fēng)格。其中赤峰缸瓦窯燒造量相對(duì)大一些，所燒三彩釉陶器胎質(zhì)細(xì)軟，呈淡紅色，釉色嬌艷光潔，可與唐三彩媲美。裝飾手法有印花、劃花兩種，大凡盤、碟采用陽(yáng)文印花，琢器采用劃花。與唐三彩的區(qū)別除胎土不同外，主要是遼三彩中無藍(lán)色，施釉不交融，釉面少流淌。Liao three color Liao Dynasty production of low temperature color glazed pottery products. Under the influence of Tang three colors, Liao Dynasty also burned this kind of varieties. Liao three colors are yellow, green, brown tricolor glaze, square dish, begonia fancy plate, chicken crown pot, cylinder bottle, etc., rich in Qidan national style. Among them, Chifeng cylinder tile kiln firing quantity is relatively large, the firing tricolor glaze pottery matrix quality is soft, is light red, the glaze color is delicate and bright, can be compared with the Tang three colors. Decorative techniques have printing, rowing two kinds, disk, disc printing in yang, chisel using rowing. The difference between Tang three colors and Tang Dynasty is that there is no blue in Liao three colors, the glaze is not mixed, and the glaze is less flowing.
契丹民族于公元916年，在我國(guó)北方建立了一個(gè)強(qiáng)大的政權(quán)，創(chuàng)造了富有民族特色的燦爛文化，在我國(guó)陶器史上占有很重要的地位。人們把這種陶瓷器稱之為"遼瓷"。它繼承了"唐三彩"的傳統(tǒng)，故又稱之為"遼三彩"。
遼瓷最早燒制年代到底始于何時(shí)，尚無確切證據(jù)可考。但從有確切年代的墓葬出土的器物中，發(fā)現(xiàn)在遼穆宗應(yīng)歷年(951-969)以前就已有了黃、綠單色釉陶器，可以斷定這時(shí)已經(jīng)有三彩陶器。遼代三彩承襲了唐代傳統(tǒng)，是接受唐三彩傳統(tǒng)的一種低溫瓷式釉陶，胎質(zhì)粗而較硬，呈灰黃白色或淡紅色。但質(zhì)量不如唐三彩，但也有自己鮮明的時(shí)代特色。遼三彩在承襲了唐三彩傳統(tǒng)手法的基礎(chǔ)上，有了自己特點(diǎn)的發(fā)展，在我國(guó)陶瓷發(fā)展史上具有一定地位。In 916 AD, Qidan nationality established a strong political power in the north of our country, created a brilliant culture full of national characteristics, and occupied a very important position in the history of pottery in our country. People call this kind of porcelain Liao porcelain. It inherits the tradition of Tang three colors, so it is also called Liao three colors.
There is no conclusive evidence of when Liao porcelain was first burned. However, from the utensils unearthed from the tombs of the exact age, it is found that there were yellow and green monochromatic glazed pottery before Liao Mu Zongying (951 ≤ 969), and it can be concluded that there are already tricolor pottery at this time. Liao Dynasty tricolor inherited the tradition of Tang Dynasty, is a kind of low temperature porcelain glazed pottery which accepts Tang tricolor tradition, the matrix is thick and hard, gray, yellow, white or reddish. But the quality is not as good as Tang tricolor, but also has its own distinctive characteristics of the times. On the basis of inheriting the traditional techniques of Tang Dynasty, Liao three colors have their own characteristics and have a certain degree of development in the history of ceramic development in our country. Status.
三彩瓷器主要用于官員和上層社會(huì)陪葬品，宋元后也繼續(xù)燒制，宋元后的三才瓷器開始用于生活用品，該器行高20.6cm，寬23.5cm，底寬10.5cm，口徑3cm。整體呈壺體扁圓型，執(zhí)手置于壺肩上，壺流圓直，底足外撇，壺體海水紋，近底還有蓮瓣紋，造型藝術(shù)典雅，包漿老舊，極具有收藏價(jià)值。Tricolor porcelain is mainly used for officials and upper social funerals, and continues to be made after Song and Yuan dynasties. The three talents porcelain after Song and Yuan dynasties began to be used for daily necessities. The line is 20.6cm high, 23.5 cm wide, 10.5cm wide and 3cm caliber. The whole kettle body is flat and round, the hand is placed on the kettle shoulder, the kettle flow is straight, the bottom foot is skimmed, the kettle body sea water pattern, near the bottom also has the lotus petal pattern, the plastic arts is elegant, the pulp is old, has the collection value.
遼三彩具有以下特點(diǎn)：
一是注重民族性。遼三彩的器型普遍較小，常見器型有穿帶壺、龜形壺、兔形壺、雞冠壺、海棠式長(zhǎng)盤、蓮花式碟、印花暖盤、三角形碟等。這些器型的紋飾具有濃郁游牧民族生活氣息和濃重的契丹民族特色。
二是注重實(shí)用性。遼三彩的器型多以日常生活用具為主，側(cè)重實(shí)用性，多依據(jù)游牧民族的生活習(xí)慣，如常見的葫蘆穿帶瓶、印花卉紋扁壺、口部外翻的大罐等器型，便于攜帶和遷居搬挪。
三是注重藝術(shù)性。遼三彩燒制技術(shù)獨(dú)樹一幟，瓷質(zhì)精細(xì)，平滑光亮；釉色斑斕，色澤鮮艷。紋飾精良而奇巧，采用劃花、印花和貼花三種手法，紋樣以花草蟲魚為主，尤以牡丹、蓮花、寶相花、蜂、蝶、水紋、草花紋、雙魚紋為多見。其精彩、精湛、精良的紋飾，在中國(guó)陶瓷史上占有重要席位。
四是注重創(chuàng)新性。遼三彩在造型上不落窠臼，大部分器型突破了前朝的體例，充分體現(xiàn)了契丹民族粗獷豪放、不拘一格的風(fēng)格。器物飾紋頗具動(dòng)感，同時(shí)，遼三彩器物上大都帶有鼓釘紋、雙系等裝飾，較之前朝的三彩器具，更為美觀和厚重。Liao three colors have the following characteristics:
First, pay attention to nationality. Liao tricolor type is generally small, the common type is wearing belt pot, tortoise pot, rabbit pot, chicken crown pot, begonia type long plate, lotus disc, printing warm plate, triangular plate and so on. These ornaments have strong nomadic life flavor and strong Qidan national characteristics.
The second is to pay attention to practicality. Liao tricolor is mainly based on daily living utensils, focusing on practicability, according to the living habits of nomadic people, such as common gourd wearing bottles, printed flower flat pots, mouth turned large cans and so on, which is easy to carry and move.
Third, pay attention to artistry. Liao tricolor firing technology is unique, porcelain fine, smooth and bright; glazed color is beautiful, bright color. Exquisite and ingenious ornamentation, using rowing, printing and decal three techniques, the pattern is mainly flowers, insects and fish, especially peony, lotus, treasure flower, bee, butterfly, water pattern, grass pattern, double fish pattern. Its wonderful, exquisite, exquisite ornaments, in the history of Chinese ceramics occupy an important seat.
Fourth, pay attention to innovation. Liao three colors in the shape of the stereotype, most of the instrument broke through the style of the previous Dynasty, fully reflected the Qidan nationality rough and bold, unfettered style. At the same time, Liao three color utensils are mostly decorated with drum nail lines and double lines, which are more beautiful and heavy than the previous tricolor utensils.
珍藏于北京故宮博物院內(nèi)的釉魚形注壺，高15厘米，口徑5厘米，底徑7厘米，壺為魚形，魚嘴為壺流，背部有一喇叭狀菊花形注口，魚背一側(cè)為提梁。魚腹下飾一荷葉，托舉整個(gè)魚體，底部為平底實(shí)足，施黃、綠、白三色釉彩。整體造型飽滿，魚似在搖首擺尾，噴吐水花，一副悠然自得之態(tài)。此壺集模印、貼花、堆塑、刻畫于一體，為遼三彩中的精品。
近年來，許多收藏類節(jié)目中都出現(xiàn)了“遼三彩”的身影，越來越多的收藏人士開始認(rèn)識(shí)到“遼三彩”的重要地位。The glaze fish-shaped pouring pot, which is collected in the Palace Museum of Beijing, has a height of 15 centimeters, a diameter of 5 centimeters, a bottom diameter of 7 centimeters, a pot of which is a fish shape, a fish mouth is a kettle flow, a trumpet-shaped chrysanthemum-shaped injection port is arranged on the back, and the back side of the fish is a lifting beam. The fish belly is decorated with a lotus leaf, the whole fish body is lifted, the bottom of the fish body is a flat-bottomed solid foot, and the yellow, green and white three-color glaze color is applied. The whole shape of the fish is full, the fish looks at the tail of the pan, and the water is sprayed with water, and the fish is in a natural state. The kettle is used for stamping, decals, and stacking, and is characterized in that it is a fine product in the three-color of Liao.
In recent years, the figure of "three colors of Liao" appeared in many kinds of collectible programs, and more and more collectors began to realize the important position of "three colors of Liao ".
一件件凝聚著時(shí)代和地方特色的藏品，如同放映機(jī)將一段段歷史真實(shí)地呈現(xiàn)；每件收藏品背后都有一段故事，被賦予特殊意義，擁有感情附加值，就變得彌足珍貴。傾聽屬于您的收藏故事，跟我們一起分享您收藏之路上的喜或悲。One by one condenses the collection of times and local characteristics, just as the projector will present a section of history truly; behind each collection, there is a story that is endowed with special meaning and emotional added value, and becomes precious. Listen to your collection story and share with us the joy or sadness on your collection road.
