藏品名稱：關金券壹圓
關金劵是“海關金單位 兌換券”的 簡稱，為 國民黨統(tǒng)治時期 中國海關收稅的計算單位。原來海關收稅為 銀兩，1929年世界銀價大落，影響關稅收入。政府于1930年1月決定征收金幣，以值0.601866克純金為單位作標準計算，稱“海關金單位”，合美元0.40元。1931年5月 中央銀行發(fā)行關金兌換券，作為繳納關稅之用。1942年4月，以關金一元折合 法幣二十元的 比價，與法幣并行流通。1948年8月發(fā)行金元券后，停止發(fā)行。共流通17年半。
Customs Gold Exchange Certificate is short for "Customs Gold Unit Exchange Certificate". It is the calculation unit of Chinese Customs tax collection during the period of Kuomintang rule. In 1929, the world silver price fell sharply, affecting tariff revenue. In January 1930, the government decided to levy gold coins, which were calculated as the standard unit of 0.601866 grams of pure gold, called "Customs Gold Unit", or 0.40 yuan in US dollars. In May 1931, the Central Bank issued Customs Exchange Notes for the purpose of paying customs duties. In April 1942, one yuan of Customs money was converted into twenty yuan of legal currency, which was circulated in parallel with the French currency. August 1948
關金券最初的發(fā)行目標只是為進口商提供納稅的便利，并不在市面流通。由于其與外國貨幣直接掛靠，幣值相對穩(wěn)定，所以關金直接交稅的比例逐年上升。1942年4月，國民政府財政部規(guī)定以關金一元折合法幣二十元的比價，與法幣并行流通。這在一定程度上是國民政府變相增發(fā)法幣大鈔，關金券公開地行使流通功能，變成真正的紙幣。
The original goal of issuing the gold certificates was to provide convenience for importers to pay taxes and not to circulate in the market. Due to its direct affiliation with foreign currencies and relatively stable currency value, the proportion of customs fees paid directly has increased year by year. In April 1942, the Ministry of Finance of the National Government stipulated that the exchange rate of one yuan of customs gold to 20 yuan of French currency should be used in parallel with the circulation of French currency. To a certain extent, this is the national government's disguised issuance of large bills of legal tender, and the public exercise of the circulation function of gold coupons has turned them into real bills.
1948年8月19日，國民黨政府頒布“財政經(jīng)濟緊急處分令”，實行所謂“幣制改革”，宣布廢除法幣和關金券，發(fā)行金圓券，并以1金圓券兌換15萬關金券的比率收兌關金券。同年11月21日停止收兌，關金券正式作廢。
On August 19, 1948, the Kuomintang government issued the "financial and economic emergency sanction order" and implemented the so-called "monetary reform". it announced the abolition of legal tender and customs certificates, the issuance of gold coupons, and the exchange of 150,000 customs certificates with 1 gold coupon. The exchange stopped on November 21 of the same year, and the gold coupon was officially cancelled.
關金券流通17年半，期間正式發(fā)行的關金券種類有47種，未發(fā)行的有4種。由于國民政府嚴重財政危機，惡性通貨膨脹迫使關金券進入流通領域，最終不但沒有穩(wěn)定金融，反而成為廢紙一張。因此當時大量關金券被人們棄之，然后在歷史長河中大量消失，因此此券在目前收藏市場上屬于“一票難求”。
Customs bonds have been in circulation for 17 and a half years. During this period, there are 47 kinds of officially issued customs bonds and 4 kinds of not issued ones. Due to the serious financial crisis of the national government, hyperinflation forced Guanjinquan to enter the circulation field, which eventually became a waste paper instead of stabilizing the finance. Therefore, a large number of Guanjin coupons were abandoned by people at that time and then disappeared in large quantities in the long history. Therefore, this coupon belongs to "one ticket is hard to find" in the current collection market.
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